Five-pointed star as a symbol of the Soviet army. About the origin of the Bolshevik symbolism
People at all times paid attention to signs and symbols. The five-pointed star of red, one beam of which is directed upward, thanks to the Communists, became one of the main symbols of the USSR. And for a rather short period, it became one of the main symbols of totalitarian statehood. Let's find out how the Red Star has become one of the main symbols of the USSR.
How did the history of the Red Soviet star begins? After the Great October Revolution, not only the state system has changed, but many signs, the attributes went into oblivion. So the new symbolism system began to form. Initially, the occurrence of a star, as a symbol, is associated with Masonic societies. Since the influence of Freemasonry on revolutionary activities in different parts of the world (including the USSR) was truly significant. However, there is no genuine evidence to this fact.
On the territory of the USSR, a sharp star appeared as the emblem of the Soviet Army. Unfortunately, today it is not possible to call the exact name of the author's emblem. So, alone historians suggest that for the first time it was offered for the army N.A. Polyansky (Commissioner of the Military Moscow District). Other historians are associated with the Red Star name K.S. Eremeevna (commander of the troops of the Petrogradsky district).
The official history of the emblem begins on April 18, 1918. It was then that the red five-pointed star with the Golden Border, which depicts a golden hammer and a plow, the order of the People's Commissariat for military affairs was appointed breastplate for the entire personnel of the working and peasant Red Army (RKKA). She became a distinctive sign that allowed people to share people on "their" and "strangers". In this regard, an act was issued, which was forbidden to carry in the emblem, not in service in the Red Army. Violation of this rule caught tribunal.
The value of a red star. Alaty star is a heraldic sign that is connected closely and with the Soviet army, and directly from the USSR. This sign was depicted on the flag and coat of arms of the Soviet Union.
What is the value of this key symbol of the USSR? It was believed that the star is a symbol that was to combine the world proletariat. Thus, for example, the 5th ends of the star were associated with 5 continents, on which communism was distributed. In addition, this is a symbol of security and security. And the red color was associated with the proletarian revolution, was the color of fraternity and blood, spilled in the struggle for the rights of the proletariat.
Also, some scientists link to Aluu Star with the God of War Mars (Ancient Rod), who was considered the defender and the patron saint of workers. It is possible that some Soviet influential people were guided by this theory.
An image of such a symbol on flags, coat of arms of socialist countries indicated the unity of ideologies and solidarity on the path of development. Many Soviet newspapers described that the Red Star characterizes the struggle of the peasantry, which was trying to free themselves from poverty, hunger of war, slavery.
Hammer and plow as an addition symbol.On the chest sign of the Soviet army, as described above, there were still images of a plow and hammer. They also symbolize the Union of Workers and Peasants. Later, the image was slightly modified: instead of a plow for clarity, the sickle was placed on the sign. But the value of the emblem "" from this did not change.
It is also noteworthy that the star was originally depicted with two ends up. However, this location among Soviet people was associated with the Satanic Pentagram. And this is in the country where they relate negatively. So, the star began to depict one end up, and two to down. And the star position has never changed. On this occasion, even the leaflet was released in the USSR, a large circulation with the title: "Look, Comrade, here is the Red Star."
Star and the Great Patriotic War.During the Second World War, this Soviet emblem began to acquire new qualities. In 1943, the stars who helped distinguish between the rank of officer composition were also returned to the army together with pre-revolutionary patterns. In addition, at the same time, the Red Star is taken as a basis in many orders and medals (for example, the Medal "Golden Star", the Order of Fame, the Order "Red Star").
Anyway, the star is considered an ancient symbol that was used and used in various traditions. Probably, this ensured the religious role of this sign in the Soviet society.
Factory hammer, rural plow
In her rays are burning.
Worker, Pakhacker - Brother and Friend -
We became in a close row!
Demyan Poor, "Guide Star"
The first mention of the five-pointed star was found in Mesopotamia and dated 3000 a year before the Nativity of Christ. In the ancient Jews, a star with five rays served as a symbol of the city of Jerusalem. Greeks, deifying Venus, designated her five-pointed star. The human figure, considered as the "golden proportion", fit into the pentagram, which was used by ancient Greek brigade and architects. Five rays of the star personified in the teaching of the Pythagoreans Union of five elements - water, land, air, fire and the world of Pythagorean ideas (Eidos). This topic of unity of the five components constantly arose in human history. Christians have a five-pointed star connected five Christ wounds and served as a reliable protection against witches and demons. The star of Soviet times symbolized the unity of the interests of the working people of the whole world as well as the symbol of the Red Army.
Many may not know that the story of a five-pointed star in Russia began long before the 1917 revolution and takes its origins in another revolution - French.It was in France at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries, the asterisks appear on the epoles and heads of officers and generals, determining their chin. In this case, his rationale of the Pentagram has learned from the mythology of ancient Rome, where Mars symbolized and depicted Lily from which this god of war was born.
The Red Star is a heraldic sign, which was a symbol of the Red Army, was present on the flag and coat of arms of the USSR, flags and coat of arms of some countries of the Warsaw Treaty.In the USSR, under it it was meant the unity of the world proletariat of all five continents of the Earth: the five ends of the star - five continents of the planet. The red color is the color of the proletarian revolution, he had to combine all five continents a single goal and a single start.
The Red Star was usually called "Marsa Star" by the name of the ancient Roman god of the war of Mars. In the Soviet tradition, Mars symbolized the protection of peaceful labor. Therefore, it is not by chance that the Red Star is located above the planet in the coat of arms of the USSR. The Red Star symbolized the liberation of workers from hunger, war, poverty and slavery.
Under the influence of the French, the emperor Nicholas I introduced a pentagram and the Russian army. On January 1, 1827, golden wrought stars appeared on the epoletas, and on April 29, 1854 - the already shied decorated the introduced epaulets.
After the February revolution, the temporary government of the shoulder has been canceled, but not refused from the "Mars Star". On April 21, 1917, the Military and Marine Minister A. Gucci puts a five-pointed asterisk on seafarers cap shafts - right above the anchor.
However, the most bright "Marsov Star" has established itself after another revolution - the Great October. The young Soviet government did not have time to begin to form the Red Army, as an urgent need for a new symbolism arose. It was a considerable degree due to the fact that in the fire of the Civil War, the opposing parties were often dressed in the clothes of the same cut and in battle was not easy to distinguish others from their own. So the famous red five-pointed star appears in the symbols of the country of tips.
Unfortunately, accurate, confirmed documented evidence of the author of this symbol has not been preserved. Some historians believe that the star suggested one of the commissars of the Moscow Military District N. Polyansky, others - that this was done by the member of the All-Russian College in the Organization and Management of the Red Army - K. Eremeev.
It is reliably known that for the first time the new symbol was mentioned in the newspaper "Izvestia" on April 19, 1918. A note was published that the walling sign was approved in the form of a red star with a golden image of a hammer and a plow. Initially, the Red Star was also the image of the book, but it looked too Alyapovato and the book was removed.
An officially symbol called "Marsov Star with Plow and Hammer" was approved by order L. Strotsky dated May 7, 1918. The following was said there: "The Krasnoarmeysky Icon has the belonging of persons in the service in the troops of the Red Army. Persons who are not in service as part of the Red Army, the specified signs are invited to immediately remove. For non-performance of this order, the guilty will be given to the court of the military tribunal. "
At first, Marsov Star was rushed on a triangular block, clinging on the left side of the chest. However, this form turned out to be uncomfortable, and the jewelry company proposed posting stars on wreaths from laurels and oak leaves, which remained from old signs.
For a while, the form and location of the star varied greatly. On July 29, 1918, Trotsky publishes another order, where the red star was obliged to wear a cap on the shallow. Laccated, the clock icon was more convexed, and the rays of the stars had more rounded edges.
The greatest number of curved, and then and now, caused the value of the symbol of the Red Star. Haters of Soviet power immediately remembered Masons, or even Satanists. About Masonov. Of course, they were in Russia for a long time. At first, the Masons carried educational ideas, and after Radishchev and the Decembrists' uprising began to express the interests of the pro-Western liberal nobility, intellectuals and large bourgeoisie. As you know, the Bolsheviks of Liberals have long been disliked, and after the February Revolution, they generally became over the other side of the barricades. Well, the Masons did not complain at all. Whether the case is a symbolism of the United States, which was really created by the masons, and what no one was hidden (hence the stars on the flag, and the pyramid with the eye on the dollar, etc.).
As before the Red Star, the Bolsheviks were guided by her choice of a relative novelty symbol and its quite traditional meanings - military (Marsov Star), a protective (pentagram, as charm) and guiding (as a symbol of high aspirations).
Of course, a new symbolism (not without propaganda of opponents of Soviet power) at first caused a superstitious fear of the simple people. No wonder on February 11, 1919 at the conference of the 2nd Soviet (Ukrainian) division, the head of its political waste I. Mintz complained that the "peasant youth is full of prejudice against" Communications ", against the new" cocardia "- the Krasnoarmeysky Star ...".
And here the Bolsheviks allowed alone, placing a new symbol with two rays up. This is also visible in the first breastplate signs, and on some Bolshevik posters (for example, the poster D. Moore "Soviet Russia is a precipitated camp. Everything for defense!" 1919). And, after the work of E. Levi, such a position of the star began to be interpreted as a sign of satanism. At the same time, it was completely forgotten that the inverted pentagram was on the press of Emperor Konstantin (the one who made Christianity of the official Roman religion) and in general for a long time I was interpreted as a symbol of the transformation of Jesus Christ (this can be seen, for example, on the icon A.Rubev). Naturally, finding such a reaction, the Bolsheviks gave the star more "decent" position.
Let's see how the symbolism of the Red Star explained to the simple people of the Red Star Commissars in the leaflet 1918: "... The Red Star of the Red Army is a star of the truth ... Therefore, on the Red Army star and depicted a plow and hammer. Plow Pahar Men. Hammer hammer-worker. This means that the Red Army is fighting for the star of the truth shone the pagarle man and the hammer-worker, so that there was will and share, rest for them, and not just a need, poverty and continuous work ... She is a star of happiness of all the poor , peasants and workers. That's what the Red Star of the Red Army means. " In general, no satanic, occult or Masonic interpretations.
On this, the history of the Red Star did not end. On January 16, 1919, the shied stars were decorated with a new headdress of Red Army. The form he copied the helmets of Russian Vityazy and therefore at first he was dubbed "hero." However, soon it was called on the names of the famous red commanders - "Frunzyevka" and "Budenovo" (the last name and stuck).
There were changes in the star design. On April 13, 1922, shown on it, the plow was replaced with a more elegant sickle. And on July 11 of the same year, the shape of the star changed - she stopped being convex, and her rays straightened again. In this form, it was finally established in the Red (and then Soviet) army.
In 1923, without legal instruments (in order not to repeat the military emblem), the Red Star was crowned with the emblem of the Soviet Union and the coat of arms of almost all Soviet republics. Interestingly, she came to the emblem of the RSFSR later - in 1978! It is also interesting that in the 1930s it was offered a project to make a star of 11-beam (by the number of Union republics).
Going to the coat of arms of the USSR, a five-pointed star has already acquired more global symbolism. It was already about five continents, where there is a bloody struggle for the liberation of the labor people from exploitation.
In 1924, the five-pointed star appears on the flag of the USSR, in 1928 (with a portrait of a young Lenin) an Employee Star appears, in 1935, the star of the Kremlin's Spare Tower, decorated by Gemer, and in 1942 the star is taking a pioneer icon (before that he wore the form of the flag).
It would seem that the collapse of the Soviet Union also ended the time of the Red Star. Shards of the Power chose new symbols, the star remained only in the symbolism of communist parties. In Russia, they even rumored that the Kremlin stars would not hurt to replace with two-headed eagles.
However, the growing social tension, moral and economic decline in the post-Soviet space made some political leaders belong to the Soviet symbolism more carefully. So in 2002, trying to somehow restore the "broken connection of times", the Minister of Defense of Russia S. Ivanov proposed, and President V. Putin approved the return of a five-pointed star into the symbolism of the Russian army.
No matter how hard the evil languages \u200b\u200bhave to equate the Soviet Union to Hitler's Germany, and the Red Star to the Nazi Swastika, this has not yet succeeded. And so the pentagram is not at all threatened. Otherwise, there will have 50 holes in the flag of the USA, 12 holes in the flag of the European Union, not to mention the mass of other flags and coat of arms.
About the Red Star: Symbol sources
Interesting, but a little affected theme is the symbolism of a five-pointed star. This simple symbol is one of the oldest, they began to use another a few thousand years before our era. It received distribution in many cultures and has a greater semantic load. The same color distinguish between the color is present in the symbolism of the United States, the European Union, the Soviet Union, China and many other countries and public movements. Since it is widely used to transfer various meanings and ideas, for better understanding of their understanding, we will briefly consider some basic items.
The first known use of a five-pointed star falls on the state of Sumer in the interfluve for 3000 years BC. e. In their writing, such a pictogram indicated an angle, a small room, pit.
In the ancient Pentagram Pentagrames (from the word Pentagrame - five-line), meant five shelters, where the primitive chaos was placed during the creation of the world, and they were in Tartar. Darkness, located in these asylum, was considered the source of the soul of the world, as well as a source of wisdom. This pentagram was drawn by two rays up.
The symbol of the goddess ruling this otherworldly apple is an apple, since when conceded in it you can see the pentagram. Therefore, the pentagram was also a symbol of health and goddess of gigueys. In addition, Pythagoras argued that in the geometry of the Pentagram is a mathematical perfection. But, without deepening in the mathematical characteristics of this figure, let's go further.
In Kabbalah, the Pentagram is one beam upstairs means the Messiah. The pentagram is also a symbol of Solomon's print and for some time was the official seal of Jerusalem.
For Muslim, it can mean five pillars of Muslim faith and five daily prayers.
In Christian Europe, a five-pointed star had a number of symbolic values. In addition to the symbol of health remaining since the ancient world, she symbolized five feelings five-rays, five fingers. In the religion of the Pentagram was used as a symbol of five wounds of Christ, five joys of Mary, who gave her perfection of her son Jesus. She also symbolized the Bethlehem Star to Christmas (in Russia, the Bethlehem Star was seven-pin).
One of the main values \u200b\u200bof the five-pointed star was the symbol of the human nature of Christ, so in the era of the Renaissance, when a person and human person began to take increasing importance, this symbol was also more important. A five-pointed star resembles a person with hands elongated with his hands and put on his legs, like Leonardo Da Vinci drawings. With the development of humanism and atheism, the star began to mean simply human personality as the new highest value of the new era.
At the present widespread, a five-pointed star and humanistic ideals received during the Great French Revolution. With the arrival of a new goggle-minded ideology, a person took place in the first place in the value system, and the star in the humanistic meaning became one of the most important characters. As a result of these changes, the star was also widely distributed in military symbolism at first the French Republic, and then other countries. In this area, she symbolized the god of Mars's war, according to the legend of the born from Lily, which resembles a five-pointed star. This sign is used for identification and for various other designations.
With the distribution of values \u200b\u200band social forces of the new era, a five-pointed star began its spread. She has always been an important sign in the symbols of Masons, social strength, which began to acquire world importance after the French and American revolutions. In addition to the ancient and occult values, the star began to be widely used to publicly express their ideas - the spiritual improvement of a person and the construction of a person under the chapter of the entire value system in the atheistic version. Therefore, the star is widely used in the state symbols of many countries built on the Masonic drawings - the United States, where the stars on the flag also mean the kingdom of heaven, the European Union and others.
A five-pointed star also uses many movements and organizations, its symbolism is often associated with either Masonic forces standing behind them, or with the communist movement who took it into their symbolism.
The star with the two rays will use the Church of the "Holy Recent Day" or Mormon. An inverted star with rays of different colors symbolizing the Bethlehem star is also a symbol of the largest fraternalist organization - the Orden Star Order. This Order unites about a million Masons in the rank not lower than the master and is known for its charitable activities.
An inverted pentagram with two rays up is one of the main symbols of Satanists. Such a pentagram means Tartar or Hell, the place where the fallen angels are concluded. Inside an inverted pentagram also often paint the head of the bafomet in the form of a head of the goat. All this symbolizes the antichel nature and worship of the animal passion. Three stars turned down the beam also mean the rejection of the Holy Trinity.
The Pentagram is also often found in the pagans, serving them one of the symbols of faith - the five ends of the star mean land, water, air, fire and spirit. Although in ancient times, the pagan pentagram was drawn by two rays up, now it is usually depicted upwards with one beam, so as not to cause associations with Satanists. Both in antiquity and today, the Pentagram remains an important symbol for Druids, Wikazans, neo-Pythagorites and other groups that profess paganism and practitioners magic.
In the 20th century, when the communist movement began to acquire world importance, and the socialist revolution occurred in Russia, the new state had new symbols. Initially, a red star with a plow and a hammer was adopted as an emblem and identifying sign of the Red Army. Here the star symbolized the god of the war of Mars, and this emblem personified the protection of peaceful labor.
However, in the early years, because of the Bolshevik organization of the Anti-Christian and Zionist elements that had been in the core, the star was taken by two ends up. The first Soviet Order of the Red Banner had exactly an inverted image of the star.
But such a symbol caused such a rejection in society, that soon they refused this and officially approved the image of the star with one beam up.
But the new country also required a new state symbolism, and the Red Star turned out to be quite suitable and popular for this symbol. Therefore, soon she moved to the banner carrier by the liberation of the army's world proletariat on the coat of arms and banners of the first communism of the country. In the Soviet state symbolism, the Red Star next to the sickle and the hammer began to mean the unity of the working people of the five continents in a single start and purpose. The red color symbolized the brotherhood and blood, fragile for freedom of workers around the world.
Alexander P.
In June 2017, the media received information on the replacement of the old emblem of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation "Red Star" to the new - "Red-Blue-White Star". The news crossed many public figures, prompting them violently respond to her. Fresh symbol was released by the "subordinate design bureau", which were made by his "Army of Russia". According to the creators, the new star will increase the image of the domestic army and give him more masculinity.
The origins of the symbol of the Russian army
Red Star with five ends - "Face of the Russian Army." The sign of the Russian army began to be operated since the time of Tsar Nicholas I. In the early 19th century, the monarch insisted on the obligatory carrying of a distinctive sign by each serviceman on their epolettices. Another name that wore Russia's army sign – Marsov Star. From now on until 2014, this symbol remained a distinguishing mark of the Red Army.
The choice of a five-pointed star fell for no accident, since any symbol personifies the idea or chief promise that was initially laid out by the creators. And the main idea will be stored exactly as much as the carrier exists - the emblem.
If we talk about the symbol "five-pointed star", then you can trace that its origins go deep into antiquity. Being one of the most mysterious, its strength and power cannot be measured. For the first time, the images of this sign were noticed in 3600 BC. The star left his mark in many civilizations:
- sumerian;
- babylonian;
- ancient Egyptian;
- assyrian.
The star concluded in the circle was used in Chinese, Japanese and Indian cultures.
If we consider the star from the point of view of geometry, then this sign symbolizes the stability that causes intertwined line with each other. It was for this reason that the pentagram was made to denote the macrocosm. In the 13th century, this symbol began to identify with a human symbol - microcosm. Coming together, the two of these values \u200b\u200bwere the personification of harmony and cosmic creativity.
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In the social environment, the pentagram personifies the symbiosis of a citizen and the state. It is possible that this truth was known to the residents of the ancient world, which symbolizes the use of this sign as a state, during the existence of ancient Rome. In ancient Babylon, in turn, the Pentagram personified the absolute power of the monarch.
Summing up, it can be concluded that ancient times a five-pointed star symbol, or a pentagram, symbolized exceptionally harmony, peace, unity, wisdom and perfection. It is not surprising that the rulers of ancient states, including the leaders of the Russian Empire, made their choice in favor of it.
According to historical sources, the initiator of the creation of this symbol was the commander of Konstantin Eremeev. The sign remained in the time of the USSR, personifying the Union of the five continents, which united the world proletariat. The red color symbolized the tribute to the memory of the lost colleagues, which shed their blood, protecting their homeland.
Despite this, some tend to say that the Trozzky himself was responsible for the initial idea of \u200b\u200bthe development of this symbolism, who worked with the team vested in the occult sciences. This opinion leads to the idea that the pentagram was not chosen by chance. Forming the form at which the sign of the Army of Russia is located, the soldier accepts responsibility for the well-being of the country and citizens living in it, he puts on the mask of the true keeper of calm from the dark forces of enemies.
New army symbol
I carry a similar "light" promise, the symbol "Red Star" was replaced with a new one. But does its value be compared with the fact that he personified his previous fellow?
First of all, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the new sign of the Russian army is not a full-fledged pentagram. While the star is a connection of several lines, a new sign - two broken curves that are trying to imitate the star. The colors was also changed, from now on it resembles the Dutch flag, which is extremely depressing.
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What message can this symbol be carried in yourself? You can only assume, but not to assert. Disconnected curves seem to personify the gap between the Soviet Army and the modern army of the Russian Federation. Designers as if they would like to show our bitter reality - a complete renunciation from the old principles, which relied exclusively to morality. What are new ideas based on? In chaos and destruction? Why are they not the same color?
The new sign shows the split, the branch, any sense of synonyms to these words, but not unity. With a detailed consideration, it can be noted that the upper part of the emblem is similar to Kurgan (the funeral monument), and the lower part is like a pit. Their, crushing, shares the boom.
The upper part of the symbol is an inverted letter M, which since ancient times carried deep meaning. From it began exclusively words carrying special importance - courage, power, power, wisdom. All that should personify the current employees of the Russian army. But what did the developers want to say, turning it down on the head? What does this indigenous principles of morality come an end? What is the main purpose of the army will turn upside down?
Having accepted a new symbol as an emblem and exploring the old one, which carried only positive senses in himself, developers are trying to strike at the very ideology of the Russian army. But if you change the fundamental basis of morality soldiers, what will happen? Nobody can answer this question.
However, it is quite difficult to believe that domestic designers were engaged in the development. The contribution of foreign figures, which is unnoticed, but very me attempted to lay meaning in a new emblem. Only a person really well-sense in the occult sciences and military symbolism could come up with something similar. Thin hints hidden behind the thick lines are similar to the hidden meaning, which is not everyone can consider.
Interesting, but a little affected theme is the symbolism of a five-pointed star. This simple symbol is one of the oldest, they began to use another a few thousand years before our era. It received distribution in many cultures and has a greater semantic load. The same color distinguish between the color is present in the symbolism of the United States, the European Union, the Soviet Union, China and many other countries and public movements.
Since it is widely used to transfer various meanings and ideas, for better understanding of their understanding, we will briefly consider some basic items.
Andrei Rublev. Transfiguration. 1405 g
In general, the first known use of a five-pointed star falls on the state of Sumer in the interfluve for 3000 years BC. e. In their writing, such a pictogram indicated an angle, a small room, pit.
In the ancient Pentagram Pentagrames (from the word Pentagrame - five-line), meant five shelters, where the primitive chaos was placed during the creation of the world, and they were in Tartar. Darkness, located in these asylum, was considered the source of the soul of the world, as well as a source of wisdom. This pentagram was drawn by two rays up.
The symbol of the goddess ruling this otherworldly apple is an apple, since when conceded in it you can see the pentagram. Therefore, the pentagram was also a symbol of health and goddess of gigueys. In addition, Pythagoras argued that in the geometry of the Pentagram is a mathematical perfection. But, without deepening in the mathematical characteristics of this figure, let's go further.
In Kabbalah, the Pentagram is one beam upstairs means the Messiah. The pentagram is also a symbol of Solomon's print and for some time was the official seal of Jerusalem.
For Muslim, it can mean five pillars of Muslim faith and five daily prayers.
In Christian Europe, a five-pointed star had a number of symbolic values. In addition to the symbol of health remaining since the ancient world, she symbolized five feelings five-rays, five fingers. In the religion of the Pentagram was used as a symbol of five wounds of Christ, five joys of Mary, who gave her perfection of her son Jesus. She also symbolized the Bethlehem Star to Christmas (in Russia, the Bethlehem Star was seven-pin).
One of the main values \u200b\u200bof the five-pointed star was the symbol of the human nature of Christ, so in the era of the Renaissance, when a person and human person began to take increasing importance, this symbol was also more important. A five-pointed star resembles a person with hands elongated with his hands and put on his legs, like Leonardo Da Vinci drawings. With the development of humanism and atheism, the star began to mean simply human personality as the new highest value of the new era.
At the present widespread, a five-pointed star and humanistic ideals received during the Great French Revolution. With the arrival of a new goggle-minded ideology, a person took place in the first place in the value system, and the star in the humanistic meaning became one of the most important characters. As a result of these changes, the star was also widely distributed in military symbolism at first the French Republic, and then other countries. In this area, she symbolized the god of Mars's war, according to the legend of the born from Lily, which resembles a five-pointed star. This sign is used for identification and for various other designations.
With the distribution of values \u200b\u200band social forces of the new era, a five-pointed star began its spread. She has always been an important sign in the symbols of Masons, social strength, which began to acquire world importance after the French and American revolutions. In addition to the ancient and occult values, the star began to be widely used to publicly express their ideas - the spiritual improvement of a person and the construction of a person under the chapter of the entire value system in the atheistic version. Therefore, the star is widely used in the state symbols of many countries built on the Masonic drawings - the United States, where the stars on the flag also mean the kingdom of heaven, the European Union and others.
A five-pointed star also uses many movements and organizations, its symbolism is often associated with either Masonic forces standing behind them, or with the communist movement who took it into their symbolism.
The star with the two rays will take the "Saints of the Last Day" or Mormon church. An inverted star with rays of different colors symbolizing the Bethlehem star is also a symbol of the largest fraternalist organization - the Orden Star Order. This Order unites about a million Masons in the rank not lower than the master and is known for its charitable activities.
An inverted pentagram with two rays up is one of the main symbols of Satanists. Such a pentagram means Tartar or Hell, the place where the fallen angels are concluded. Inside an inverted pentagram also often paint the head of the bafomet in the form of a head of the goat. All this symbolizes the antichel nature and worship of the animal passion. Three stars turned down the beam also mean the rejection of the Holy Trinity.
The Pentagram is also often found in the pagans, serving them one of the symbols of faith - the five ends of the star mean land, water, air, fire and spirit. Although in ancient times, the pagan pentagram was drawn by two rays up, now it is usually depicted upwards with one beam, so as not to cause associations with Satanists. Both in antiquity and today, the Pentagram remains an important symbol for Druids, Wikazans, neo-Pythagorites and other groups that profess paganism and practitioners magic.
In the 20th century, when the communist movement began to acquire world importance, and the socialist revolution occurred in Russia, the new state had new symbols. Initially, a red star with a plow and a hammer was adopted as an emblem and identifying sign of the Red Army. Here the star symbolized the god of the war of Mars, and this emblem personified the protection of peaceful labor.
After the February revolution, the temporary government of the shoulder has been canceled, but not refused from the "Mars Star". On April 21, 1917, the Military and Marine Minister A. Gucci puts a five-pointed asterisk on seafarers cap shafts - right above the anchor.
However, the most bright "Marsov Star" has established itself after another revolution - the Great October. The young Soviet government did not have time to begin to form the Red Army, as an urgent need for a new symbolism arose. It was a considerable degree due to the fact that in the fire of the Civil War, the opposing parties were often dressed in the clothes of the same cut and in battle was not easy to distinguish others from their own.
So the famous red five-pointed star appears in the symbols of the country of tips.
Unfortunately, accurate, confirmed documented evidence of the author of this symbol has not been preserved. Some historians believe that the star suggested one of the commissars of the Moscow Military District N. Polyansky, others - that this was done by the member of the All-Russian College in the Organization and Management of the Red Army - K. Eremeev.
However, in the early years, because of the Bolshevik organization of the Anti-Christian and Zionist elements that had been in the core, the star was taken by two ends up. The first Soviet Order of the Red Banner had exactly an inverted image of the star.
But such a symbol caused such a rejection in society, that soon they refused this and officially approved the image of the star with one beam up.
But the new country also required a new state symbolism, and the Red Star turned out to be quite suitable and popular for this symbol. Therefore, soon she moved to the banner carrier by the liberation of the army's world proletariat on the coat of arms and banners of the first communism of the country. In the Soviet state symbolism, the Red Star next to the sickle and the hammer began to mean the unity of the working people of the five continents in a single start and purpose. The red color symbolized the brotherhood and blood, fragile for freedom of workers around the world.
It is reliably known that for the first time the new symbol was mentioned in the newspaper "Izvestia" on April 19, 1918. A note was published that the walling sign was approved in the form of a red star with a golden image of a hammer and a plow. Initially, the Red Star was also the image of the book, but it looked too Alyapovato and the book was removed.
Officially, the symbol called "Marsov Star with Plow and Hammer" was approved by order L. Trotsky dated May 7, 1918. The following was said: "The Krasnoarmeysian icon is the belonging of persons in the service in the troops of the Red Army. Persons who are not in service as part of the Red Army, the specified signs are invited to immediately remove. For non-performance of this order, the guilty will be given to the court of the military tribunal. "
At first, Marsov Star was rushed on a triangular block, clinging on the left side of the chest. However, this form turned out to be uncomfortable, and the jewelry company proposed posting stars on wreaths from laurels and oak leaves, which remained from old signs.
For a while, the form and location of the star varied greatly. On July 29, 1918, Trotsky publishes another order, where the red star was obliged to wear a cap on the shallow. Laccated, the clock icon was more convexed, and the rays of the stars had more rounded edges.
The greatest number of curved, and then and now, caused the value of the symbol of the Red Star. Haters of Soviet power immediately remembered Masons, or even Satanists. About Masonov. Of course, they were in Russia for a long time. At first, the Masons carried educational ideas, and after Radishchev and the Decembrists' uprising began to express the interests of the pro-Western liberal nobility, intellectuals and large bourgeoisie.
As you know, the Bolsheviks of Liberals have long been disliked, and after the February Revolution, they generally became over the other side of the barricades. Well, the Masons did not complain at all. Whether the case is a symbolism of the United States, which was really created by the masons, and what no one was hidden (hence the stars on the flag, and the pyramid with the eye on the dollar, etc.).
As before the Red Star, the Bolsheviks were guided by her choice of a relative novelty symbol and its quite traditional meanings - military (Marsov Star), a protective (pentagram, as charm) and guiding (as a symbol of high aspirations).
Of course, a new symbolism (not without propaganda of opponents of Soviet power) at first caused a superstitious fear of the simple people. No wonder on February 11, 1919 at the conference of the 2nd Soviet (Ukrainian) division, the head of its political waste I. Mintz complained that the "peasant youth is full of prejudice against" Communications ", against the new" cocardia "- the Krasnoarmeysky Star ...".
And here the Bolsheviks allowed alone, placing a new symbol with two rays up. This is also visible in the first breastplate signs, and on some Bolshevik posters (for example, the poster D. Moore "Soviet Russia is a precipitated camp. Everything for defense!" 1919). And, as I already wrote, after the work of E. Levi, such a star position began to be interpreted as a sign of Satanism. At the same time, it was completely forgotten that the inverted pentagram was on the press of the emperor Konstantin (the one who made Christianity of the official Roman religion) and in general a long time was interpreted as a symbol of the transformation of Jesus Christ (this can be seen, for example, on the icon of Andrei Rublev). Naturally, finding such a reaction, the Bolsheviks gave the star more "decent" position.
Let's see how the symbolism of the Red Star explained the simple people of the Red Star Commissars in the leaflet 1918:
"... The Red Star of the Red Army is a star of truth ... Therefore, on the Red Army star and depicted a plow and hammer. Plow Pahar Men. Hammer hammer-worker.
This means that the Red Army fights for the star of truth to shine a pagarle man and the hammer-working worker so that there was will and share, rest and bread for them, and not just a need, poverty and continuous work .... She is a star of happiness of all the poor, peasants and workers. That's what the Red Star of the Red Army means. "
On this, the history of the Red Star did not end. On January 16, 1919, the shied stars were decorated with a new headdress of Red Army. The form he copied the helmets of Russian Vityazy and therefore at first he was dubbed "hero." However, soon it was called on the names of the famous red commanders - "Frunzyevka" and "Budenovo" (the last name and stuck).
There were changes in the star design. On April 13, 1922, shown on it, the plow was replaced with a more elegant sickle. And on July 11 of the same year, the shape of the star changed - she stopped being convex, and her rays straightened again. In this form, it was finally established in the Red (and then Soviet) army.
In 1923, without legal instruments (in order not to repeat the military emblem), the Red Star was crowned with the emblem of the Soviet Union and the coat of arms of almost all Soviet republics. Interestingly, she came to the emblem of the RSFSR later - in 1978! It is also interesting that in the 1930s it was offered a project to make a star of 11-beam (by the number of Union republics).
Going to the coat of arms of the USSR, a five-pointed star has already acquired more global symbolism. It was already about five continents, where there is a bloody struggle for the liberation of the labor people from exploitation.
In 1924, the five-pointed star appears on the flag of the USSR, in 1928 (with a portrait of a young Lenin) an Employee Star appears, in 1935, the star of the Kremlin's Spare Tower, decorated by Gemer, and in 1942 the star is taking a pioneer icon (before that he wore the form of the flag).
It would seem that the collapse of the Soviet Union also ended the time of the Red Star. Shards of the Power chose new symbols, the star remained only in the symbolism of communist parties. In Russia, they even rumored that the Kremlin stars would not hurt to replace with two-headed eagles.
However, the growing social tension, moral and economic decline in the post-Soviet space made some political leaders belong to the Soviet symbolism more carefully. So in 2002, trying to somehow restore the "broken connection of times", the Minister of Defense of Russia S. Ivanov proposed, and President V. Putin approved the return of a five-pointed star into the symbolism of the Russian army.
sources
http://shkolazhizni.ru.
http://ricolor.org/history/rsv/good/zvezda/