Impact force of land forces. Ground forces of the Russian Federation Main shock force of land forces

Tank troops - a genus of troops in the ground forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the main shock force of the land forces and a powerful means of armed struggle, intended for solving the most important tasks in various types of hostilities.

Tank troops - a genus of troops in the ground forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the main shock force of the land forces and a powerful means of armed struggle, intended for solving the most important tasks in various types of hostilities.

They are used mainly on the main directions to apply powerful and deep blows. Possessing big firing power, reliable protection, high mobility and maneuverability, tank troops are able to most fully use the results of fire strikes, in a short time to achieve the end targets of the battle and operation.

Organizational TV consist of compounds, parts, divisions. Their composition also has motorized rifle, rocket, artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, anti-aircraft missile, special, as well as rear parts and divisions.

The fighting capabilities of tank joints and parts allow them to conduct active offensive actions during the day and night, in a significant separation from other troops, destroy the enemy grouping in counter battles and battles, to overcome extensive radioactive contamination zones and water obstacles. They are also able to quickly create solid defense and successfully confront the offensive of the superior enemy forces.

In service with TV there are high-aligning tanks with powerful armor protection and weapons, equipped with a stabilization system, automatic charging, effective sight, allowing to lead a lot from place and in motion, day and night.

The history of armored troops in the Russian man begins in 195-17, when the tanks of foreign structures were adopted by the Russian Imperial Army, and the beginning of the mass production of Tanka Porokhovshchikov "Werethod" was planned.

In the 1920s, the production of own tanks began in our country, and together with him the foundations of the concept of combat use of these machines were laid. In 1927, special attention was paid to the combat use of tanks and their interaction with infantry units. For example, in the second part of this document, it is written that the most important conditions for success are: the sudden appearance of tanks in the composition of the attacking infantry, simultaneous and massive use of them on a wide range in order to disperse artillery and other anti-anti-enemy, enemy funds; The echelonization of tanks in the depth while creating a reserve from them, which allows you to develop an attack on a greater depth; The close interaction of tanks with infantry, which fixes those engaged in them items.

The most complete questions of using these armored vehicles were revealed in the "temporary instruction on combat use of tanks" released in 1928. It envisaged two forms of participation of tank units in battle: to directly support infantry and as an advanced echelon, acting outside of fire and visual connection with it. Subsequently, this Soviet concept, rejected in our country in the late 1930s, took as a basis, finalized and developed German "Tank-breeding" Heinz Guderian, who studied the wisdom of a tank case in Kazan.

For the first time, tank brigades began to be created in 1935 as separate tank brigades of the reserve of the Main Command. In 1940, tank divisions were formed on their basis, included in the mechanized buildings. But because of the huge losses in tanks incurred by Soviet troops at the beginning of the war, and the insufficient release of the Tanks industry of the USSR was decided to make significant adjustments to the organizational structure of the auto-endan troops. In accordance with the directive letter of the Supreme Command rate of July 15, 1941, the abolition of mechanized buildings began before September 1941. Due to their disbanding, the tank divisions were transferred to the subordination of the army commander, and the motorized was reorganized into small-scale divisions. Because of these reasons, it was necessary to move from the divisional to the brigade organization of auto-drift troops, established by the Order No. 0063, and in September 1941 - and to the creation of individual tank battalions of various standard numbers (from 29 then 36 tanks in the battalion). Tank brigades and separate tank battalions have become the main organizational forms in the Soviet car troops. As of December 1, 1941, 68 separate tank brigades and 37 separate tank battalions used mainly to directly support infantry were in the Soviet Army. Such an organization under 1941 was forced. In 1942, due to the restoration of tank corps, and then the mechanized buildings were formed tank brigades included in their composition. The brigade included 2 tank and 1 motorized row-machine-gun battalions, as well as a number of individual units (only 53 tanks). In the future, the organizational structure of the tank battalions was improved in order to increase its independence, shock and firing power. Since November 1943, a brigade had 3 tank battalions, a motorized battalion of automatic gunners, an anti-aircraft gunner and other divisions (only 65 T-34 tanks). For combat merits 68 tank brigades received the title of Guards, 112 were awarded honorary names, 114 were awarded orders. In 1945-46, tank brigades were reformed into tank shelves.

In 1942-54 These troops began to be called armored and mechanized troops. They consisted of tank (since 1946 g - mechanized) armies, tank, heavy tank, mechanized, self-propelled-artillery, motorized rifle brigades (since 1946 - regiments). Since 1954, they became referred to as armored troops; They included tank and mechanized parts.

Currently, the Russian army consists of 3,500 T-80 tanks of different modifications, 4000 T-64, 9000 T-72, 8000 T-62, 1100 PT-76 (light floating tank), as well as some T-54/55 , which are mainly in service units of marines, and about 300 T-90, which are focused mainly in the Siberian Military District.

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Home Structure Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Ground Forces Structure Tank

Tank forces

Tank forces - the genus of troops and the main shock force of the ground forces. Apply mainly together with motorized rifle troops on the main directions and perform the following main tasks:

. in defense - according to the direct support of motorized rifle troops when reflecting the opponent's occurrence and the application of counterattack and counterdovern;

. in the offensive - on the application of powerful dispersion strikes to a greater depth, the development of success, defeat the enemy in counter battles and battles.

The basis of tank troops make up tank brigades and tank battalions of motorized rifle brigades, which are highly resistant to the striking factors of nuclear weapons, firing power, high mobility and maneuverability. They are able to most fully use the results of the fire (nuclear) defeat of the enemy and in a short time to achieve the end goals of the battle and operation.

The fighting capabilities of tank joints and units allow them to lead active fighting in the afternoon and at night, in a significant detachment from other troops, romage the enemy in counter battles and battles, to overcome extensive zones of radioactive infection, forcing water obstacles, and quickly create durable defense and Successfully withstanding the offensive of superior enemy forces.

Further development and increase in the fighting capacity of tank troops is carried out mainly by equipping them more than perfect types of tanks, in which such essential combat properties are optimally combined, as high fire power, maneuverability and reliable protection. In improving the organizational forms, the main efforts focus on giving them a general-known nature, which mostly meets the content of modern operations (combat operations).

Tank troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - a genus of troops in the ground forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the main shock force of the land forces and a powerful means of armed struggle, intended for solving the most important tasks in various types of hostilities. The basis of tank troops make up tank brigades and tank battalions of motorized rifle brigades, which are highly resistant to the striking factors of nuclear weapons, firing power, high mobility and maneuverability. They are able to most fully use the results of the fire (nuclear) defeat of the enemy and in a short time to achieve the end goals of the battle and operation.

Just like the medieval knights were protected from arrows and beats, saber, swords, peak and other cold weapons of various kinds of iron armor and chain mails and had a covering shield in battle, at the end of the XIX - early XX century, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a car that would cover the crew armor From the rifle-machine-gun fire and fragments of shells and at the same time there would have arms for the defeat of the enemy by fire. This idea was embodied in an armored tracked car - a tank capable of not only to protect the crew from a rifle-machine-gun fire, fragments of shells, but also to strike with their fire opposing the enemy, moving outside of roads, overcome on the battlefield of wire barriers, trenches and other obstacles.

The tank was a new type of military equipment and a means of struggle of the machine period of war. It was possible to create such a car only with a high level of development of science, certain technical capabilities and the presence of a powerful industry, mainly mechanical engineering. The invention and the construction of the tank steel are possible in the presence of an internal combustion engine, a tracked propulsion, weapons and armor, as well as thanks to the huge, work of scientists, engineers and technicians of many countries, and above all Russian specialists.

The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a combat vehicle, combining weapons, protecting warriors and mobility, goes its roots in deep antiquity. In historical studies there are descriptions of combat wagons that were intended to protect armed warriors when attacking the enemy troops. The fighting carts in theory are close to the car, which is now called a tank. But the tank arose on another basis and to another era - in the era of the machine period of war, mechanical engine, armor and firearms.

The invention of the tank is based on modern technique, and first of all cars and tractors, which are the closest predecessors of the tank. It was not by chance that the inventors tried to create a combat machine protected by armor. There are many projects, but they failed to implement them due to a weak technical base. Only after the invention of the internal combustion engine and the caterpillar propeller, it was possible to realize these projects, and the First World War was a powerful impetus for creating a tank.

One of the first creators of the project of a combat tracked car, subsequently called Tank, is the engineer V. D. Mendeleev - the younger son of the famous Russian scientist D. I. Mendeleev. According to his project, the tank was to weigh about 170 tons, to have a 120-mm cannon, machine gun and armor to 150 mm. It was a bold project for that time, which for some indicators is approaching modern tanks. Of course, too much weight would require the installation of a very powerful engine, and the tank itself would have a slight passability. At the same time, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating such a powerful car completely deserved attention. However, in Russia, due to the weakly developed industry, such a tank failed.

In 1914, soon after the beginning of the First World War, the Russian inventor A. A. Porokhovshchikov presented a project of a tracked armored car, called by the all-terrain vehicle. The all-terrain vessel during the tests easily went on deep sand at a speed of about 25 versts per hour, and all the car whipped and irregularities on the way the car overcame easily without reducing speed. True, she was disagreeed. However, subsequently on all-terrain vessels was supposed to put a rotating tower with a machine gun. Thus, the car built by A. A. Porokhovshchikov, the car had all the basic elements of the modern tank and at the tests showed good qualities. However, work on improving the prototype was discontinued.

And in 1915 the designer P.P. Lebedenko was built a three-wheeled machine very original design. Famous Russian scientists N.E. participated in the creation of this peculiar tank. Zhukovsky and B.S. Stackin. The tank had two engines, weighed 49 tons. And, according to the calculations, it was supposed to move at a speed of 4 km / h. Of course, it was not much much reminded of a modern tank, but the creation of such a car finally predetermined further ways to build tanks using a tracked propulsion.

At the direction of the Soviet government in 1918, the creation of armor automotive detachments began. Frameworks and armored trains, which appeared predecessors of tank troops, played an important role in the fight against foreign military intervention and in the civil war of 1918-1920. Armorian and armored vehicles were successfully applied on all the fronts of the Civil War. The presence of armor units not only increased the power of rifle and cavalry compounds, but also has a positive effect on their moral state. Tank projects were developed in other design bureaus. In 1920, a competition was held, at which the first prize was awarded a project of a floating tank armed with 76-mm gun. The second competition took place in 1922. It covered seven projects of Soviet tanks of various types. Thus, the Soviet state in the conditions of devastation, hunger, a severe civil war created tanks that the Tsarist Russia could not and dream.

Already in 1920, the conditions were developed, allowing the formation of tank squads. The first state of the tank detachment was approved by the order of the Revvin counseling on May 28, 1920. The detachment included three tanks, several cars, motorcycles and railway composition. The presence of rolling stock allowed the fastest and without the cost of motor resources to put tanks for the desired direction. In addition, the technical capabilities of tanks that could not still make long marches were taken into account.

In 1929, the central control of the mechanization and motorization of the Red Army was created. Tanks came into mechanized troops. In 1930, in the 1st mechanized brigade there was a tank regiment, which had 110 tanks. As of 1932, in the 1st mechanized case there were more than 500 tanks.

The creation of mechanized and tank parts marked the beginning of the new family of troops, which received the name of the car troops. The central administration of mechanization and motorizations in 1937 was renamed in the auto-terminal control. By the end of 1937, there were already 4 tank buildings in the Red Army, 24 separate lungs and 4 heavy tank brigades.

In December 1942, car troops became known as armored and mechanized troops. The management of the commander of armored and mechanized troops was formed and the position of the commander of armored and mechanized troops was introduced.

In 1953, the post of chief of armored troops was introduced. It was in service with the Soviet army to 60,000 T-54/55 tanks, they constituted the basis of the Soviet Army and were part of the armored strategy. The creation of T-55 allowed the fighting in the conditions of the nuclear war.

According to the information of the USSR Ministry of Defense, on January 1, 1990 there were 63,900 tanks, 76,520 infantry combat vehicles and armored personnel carriers. In the period 1955-1991. Soviet tank troops were the strongest in the world.

In modern form, tank troops are the main shock force of the land forces and a powerful means of armed struggle intended for solving the most important tasks in various types of hostilities. Further development and increase in the fighting capacity of tank troops is carried out mainly by equipping them more than perfect types of tanks, in which such essential combat properties are optimally combined, as high fire power, maneuverability and reliable protection.

On the second Sunday of September, in Russia there is a day of tanker to commemorate the big merit of armored and mechanized troops in the defeat of the enemy during the Great Patriotic War, as well as for the merits of tank builders in equipping the country's armed forces by armored vehicles.

Well, in order to take on to congratulate this tanker, you need to make him a pleasant and decent gift. And on this occasion, we offer you torun flag tank troops in our online store, in which, by the way, the attributes of tank troops are widely represented. You will be pleasantly surprised not only by low prices and excellent product quality along with fast delivery. Do not know how to please your tanker? You can make it a "modest, but very useful gift": buy a mug or flask on this subject.

On October 1, 1550, it is considered in Russia the day of the emergence of land forces (SV). On this day, King Ivan IV issued a document that laid the foundations of the first permanent troops in the Russian state. Military formation from provincial nobles in the amount of 1078 people was established.

By the end of the year, Ivan IV was at the disposal of the six shooting regiments of 500 people. In 1647, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ordered to establish a regular army in the state. However, to create a centralized army was succeeded only under Peter I.

Until the end of 1917, the Ground Forces of Russia consisted of infantry (infanorium), cavalry and artillery. In the Soviet years, several new births of St. Tank, rocket, anti-aircraft, engineering troops, army aviation appeared. The cavalry disappeared, and the infantry parts were reinforced with armored vehicles and were renamed motorized rifle.

• Artillery soldiers during field classes. Operating standards by the personnel of self-propelled artillery installations. Group of Soviet troops in Germany. 1987
• RIA News

Optimization of resources

Ground troops of the Russian Federation were formed on May 7, 1992. They included ground parts deployed in the territory of the RSFSR, as well as military facilities in the post-Soviet space, in Germany, in Cuba, in Mongolia and in a number of other states. At that time, the total number of CV amounted to about 1.4 million people.

During the 1990s, the personnel was reduced several times. In 2001, there were about 300 thousand people in the ground forces. In the mid-2000s, 395 thousand people served in St.

The exact number of land forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation does not disclose. The International Institute of Strategic Studies (IISS) in the Military Balance report for 2017 appreciated the number of servicemen in the landlogs of the Russian Federation in 270 thousand people.

The US Defense Ministry in the Russian Military Power report reports the number of St. 350 thousand people. Most Russian experts suggest that about 400 thousand people serve in land divisions.

From open data it follows that SV is number 12 armies, the Army Corps, 8 divisions and more than 140 brigades.

Western analysts believe that in connection with the conflict in East of Ukraine, the leadership of the Russian Federation pays unlike the development of land forces hardly.

The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation notes that the main shock force of CR is the tank troops, which are the largest in the world. According to IISS, 2700 tanks are available at the disposal of the Russian army: 1900 - T-72; 450 - T-80 and 350 - T-90.

A powerful means of fire defeat the opponent of the Ministry of Defense considers artillery. About 4500 artillery guns are in service with SV, including various types of self-propelled installations. Also, Russia is the world champion in terms of the number of reactive systems of salvo heat: 3,600 units.

According to representatives of the military department, the "marking ridge" of the Armed Forces of Russia are motorized rifle units. The Army of the Russian Federation has the richest arsenal armored vehicles. According to IISS, in the Russian troops on the go about 21,400 pieces of tracked and wheel armored vehicles.

Structural changes

Despite the impressive figures, not all the problems of domestic ground forces are solved at the moment. Thus, according to the results of 2016, the proportion of modern equipment in the SB was 42% with an average of 58.3% in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the Armed Forces, it is necessary that the situation will improve with the adoption of the arms state program (GPV) for the period from 2018 to 2025. Of the 17 trillion rubles, planned for the purchase and repair of weapons, land forces should receive 4.2 trillion (1.6 trillion more compared to the previous HPV).

However, the proportion of modern technology will grow and at the end of this year. Such an opinion in an interview with the newspaper "Red Star" expressed the commander-in-chief of the land forces, Colonel-General Oleg Salyukov.

"This year, more than 2.5 thousand units of the main samples of weapons and technology will go into the ground forces. The level of our provision of modern weapons will be achieved by more than 42%, "said Salyukov.

According to Glavkom, the new BMP-3 and BTR-82A will come to the troops at the current stage, and since 2018 - BMP-2 with the "Berezhok" module installed combat module.

In the coming years, judging by the plans of the leadership of the Russian Federation, all the infantry trains will receive the Equipment "Warrior", and the SV compounds park will be replenished with cars of a new generation: T-14 tanks, BMP T-15, "Kurgan" and "Boomerang", self-propelled artillery installations ( SAU) "Coalition".

• Set of combat equipment "Warrior" in the scout options, including Cruz "Sagittarius", as well as a protective kit for the crews of armored vehicles 6B48 "Warrior ZK"
• vitalykuzmin.net.

In Washington in structural changes that occur in the ground forces, see the "serious challenge to American strategists." It is argued that Russia is partially returning to the Soviet recruitment system, although it does not create so powerful shock groups.

The recovery of the Pentagon estimates the number of military personnel of the same motorized rifle division of the Russian Federation in 9 thousand people (in the Soviet period - 12 thousand). The department believes that Russia is able to quickly deploy 40 brigades and all eight divisions.

In the report, Russia Military Power indicates that the optimal combination of mobility and power is concluded in the Russian motorized rifle brigade. The numerical composition of the connection is 4521 people. The brigades are located 41 tank T-72B3, 129 BMP-2, 129 BMP-3, 129 BTR-82A, 129 Multi-Purpose tractor, 18 SAU "Msta-C" and 18 BM-21 "Grad".

• Armored Transporters BTR-82A
• RIA News

Also, the US concern cause battalion tactical groups - highly mobile units of land forces that are able to effectively carry out expeditionary tasks. The emergence of such divisions was the result of the reform, which began about 10 years ago.

Foundation of amplification

Military expert Dmitry Litovkin believes that in general, the findings of Western analysts correspond to reality. Despite the relatively small proportion of modern technology, the combat capability of the ground forces has increased significantly.

"It is the battalion tactical groups that took control of the Crimea, and motorized rifle compounds demonstrated excellent results on the exercises of recent years. In this context, the "West-2017" maneuvers became a peculiar result of the rapid development of the possibilities of our army, "RT Litovkin said.

The expert is confident that the foundation for the strengthening of the land forces of the Russian Federation was the experience gained in August 2008. Currently, the structure and armament of ground forces are changing under the influence of geopolitical challenges and actual military threats.

"The unfriendly behavior of NATO, the intense situation in Ukraine forces us to keep larger compounds on Western turns. Therefore, land forces began to play a major role. The Ministry of Defense decided to recreate several divisions and one tank army. It is absolutely justified in the current situation of the measure, "Litovkin emphasized.

Technique and weapons number 12/2007, p. 2-5

Used photos of A. Chiryatnikov,

V. Shcherbakova, as well as services

information and public relations

Ground troops.

Magazine "Technique and Armament" constantly pays great attention to modern armored armor and technology. For the editors of the magazine regarding the current position of Russian tank troops and their armaments, kindly agreed to answer the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces General of the ArmyA.F. Maslov

- Alexey Fedorovich! Not the first year in the media and in special editions, the question of "reducing the role" of tank troops is raised, that the time when tanks played a crucial role in combat operations, "left behind". How reasonable to attract tanks to the "extinct brontosales"?

Indeed, it is often possible to meet the assertions that the "golden time" of the tank troops are behind, and that in the foreseeable future their significance will steadily decline. Such views are mainly adhered to supporters of the so-called "contactless" wars, seeking to prove that in military conflicts of our time, when firing defeat becomes one of the most important operational factors, almost a decisive role in achieving the success belongs to aviation and high-precision weapons. Do not detracting their meaning, I note that, as experience shows, the effectiveness of aviation is sufficiently high in the fight against the enemy, which does not have or having a slightly agreed air defense, when conducting hostilities in open areas and destruction, as a rule, stationary facilities. In addition, in one firing defeat, the fighting usually does not end. The results of firing defeat should still be able to take advantage of the defeat of the enemy, mastering important areas, turns and the liberation of the territory captured by him.

The experience of local wars and armed conflicts of recent decades just shows that the land forces did not lose their importance, while the tanks remain the leading role in the composition of the general-official formations, and as a means of maneuver, following the enemy's firing defeat, and as the main combat facility in the near battle . This is confirmed by the trend of the growth of their specific gravity in the composition of the general-purpose groups of troops. So, if in the Arab-Israeli conflict of 1967, only about 2,600 tanks were used, in 1973 - about 5,300, then in an armed conflict between Iraq and the multinational forces in 1990-1991. - Already over 9000. And in 2003, the Americans had to lead another war against Iraq, where despite the widespread use of high-precision long-range funds, the main role was assigned to land groups, a significant part of which was the armored troops that had about 5,000 tanks in their composition.

Today in the Russian army, despite a significant reduction, tank troops still belongs to an important role in solving the tasks facing land forces.

As before, the fundamental principle of application of tanks in the modern war remains their massive use to solve basic tasks by concentrating on the main directions both in the offensive and in defense.

At the same time, tank parts and divisions are also applied in disunity and in certain areas of the focal principle. This gives the actions of divisions, brigades and especially battalions, and sometimes tank mouth is an autonomous character in the absence of a fire supply with neighbors. Tanks are used independently or as funds direct support for infantry in battalion (regular) tactical groups. In such conditions, the need for direct support of tanks by combat helicopters, assault aircraft, artillery, as well as covers with air defenssment by means of air defense systems increases dramatically. But this, as well as the widespread use of high-precision weapons, does not reduce the role of tank troops. The use of the opposing parties of high-precision weapons and other new means of armed struggle contributes to increasing the fighting of battle, sharply increases the correction of the enemy. Typical in the conduct of hostilities will be a quick and frequent transition from one type of action to others. And in this regard, the role of tank troops, combining high mobility, maneuverability and fire power, to achieve success in a modern combination operation (battle) only increases.

The views on the use of tank parts and divisions are periodically clarified. And we take into account not only foreign, but first of all our own experience.

So, in the course of counter-terrorism operations in the North Caucasus region, the fighting, as a rule, was conducted in the absence of a well-pronounced front. Band formations widely used ambushes, night and sudden blows in small groups, and cities and towns turned into supporting points saturated with anti-tank agents. Unfortunately, in the first Chechen campaign, individual commanders, often not fully taken into account specific conditions for the situation. Due to the lack of necessary experience in the application of tank units in mining and forest areas and settlements, weak interaction with supporting divisions, tankers carried serious losses.

Accounting for all these factors and experience gained successful tasks in the course of a further counter-terrorist operation.

Nevertheless, the use of tank troops in a counter-terrorist operation is a private, and not characteristic of them task. The main purpose of the tank units and divisions is the conduct of hostilities in local and regional (large-scale) wars. In my opinion, there are no special reasons for allegations to reduce the significance of deep general operations and the meaning of such a shock force in them as tank troops.

- Could you briefly outline today's fleet of fighting vehicles of tank troops?

Today, a rather wide range of samples of combat vehicles is preserved: T-62, T-64, T-72,T-80, T-90 and their modifications.

The staffing of the tank parts and constant readiness compounds is 100%. Unfortunately, the share of modern samples in compounds and parts is not yet high, and the problem of equipping modern tanks of the units of the land forces of constant combat readiness for us is the most priority. Of course, I would like to have as many modern efficient weapons as possible in the troops, including tanks. But taking into account the financial capabilities of the state has to be content with what comes annually within the framework of the state defense order.

The main combat tank of the Russian Armed Forces currently can be considered the T-90 tank, which is a further development and tank T-72B, and T-80. The T-90 is set to the electronic suppression complex "Curtain", a modern fire management system, the Arena complex to protect against modern anti-tank managed rockets and anti-tank grenades.

At the same time, we emphasize: our industry has created a sufficient scientific and technological ground, allowing to comprehensively solve the tasks of increasing the combat and technical characteristics of BTVT by modernizing them. The most appropriate should be considered the modernization of T-72 tanks, T-80, T-90 in the direction of the integrated increase in fire power, security, mobility.

What does the modern Russian tank park look like against the background of the main combat tanks of the armed forces of the most developed foreign countries?

Of course, each combat machine has its advantages and its shortcomings to the "competitors" (and the competitive struggle in tank construction occurred both in Soviet times and now). However, in comparison with serial tanks of leading foreign countries, Russian tanks are not only not inferior, but also in some characteristics they are superior to them. It is characteristic that in the modern weapon market, domestic tanks enjoy well-deserved demand and respect. The positive qualities of our tanks is their low silhouette, good mobility, reliability, the presence of a fairly effective managed armament and machine (mechanism) of charging. At the same time, it should be noted that overseas tanks since the 1980s. Equipped with thermal imaging devices of observation and aiming, and our cars are not yet equipped with them in sufficient quantities. Currently, the best foreign tanks include American "Abrame", the French "Leclerk", English "Chellandger-2", as well as the German "Leopard-2A5 / A6". The Russian T-90 tank is approximately one level with them.

The most obviously pronounced tendency of the development of BTVT can be considered the steady increase in the fire power of tanks, and the most dynamically improved the complex of their weapons.

No armor does not give an absolute security combat vehicle. To survive in battle, you must first find the goal and hit it. Today, tanks have the opportunity to conduct an effective shooting from both the place and in motion. And thermal impairs (speakers' channels) allow you to search for purposes in difficult weather conditions not only during the day, but also at night. Significantly (more than 3 times) also increased armices of shells, there were complexes of the remote bending of fragantive-fugasal (shrapnel) shells and flight control of tank missiles.

As the main weapons of modern tanks, there are highly paste guns of medium (120-125 mm) caliber, mainly with a smooth-alone barrel. Domestic tank guns, created on the basis of the concept of "low mass", the lighter. The survivability of their trunks is from 400 to 700 shots. And the best indicators are in the trunks with the internal protective chromium coating of the channel.

As auxiliary weapons, the protection of the tank and the crew is used. As for additional weapons, it provides self-defense from air targets, as well as the defeat of the living force and easily armored goals. On modern tanks, autonomous 12.7-mm anti-aircraft guns are applied to the tower. There are also complex rocket armament complexes, which are highly accurately affected by armored targets to 5000 m.

It is important to say about what. Search for goals, shooting accuracy and speed of weapons depend on the fire management system (SW). Modern SUO domestic and foreign tanks are built on the principles of automating the processes of finding goals and preparation for shooting. As part of domestic management systems, for example, daytime aiming flooring complexes with independent stabilization line of sights are used. Domestic SUOs are also equipped with equipment control equipment of tank missiles (there is no foreign ones). And the stabilization and guidance of weapons have an electro-hydraulic drive in the plane of the vertical
denia (on foreign - electromechanical).

Take a look at the wip. It includes armor-piercing (kinetic, fuhasny, and cumulative action) and fragantive-fugasic (shrapnel) shells. But Russian tanks, in addition, have managed rockets. In the overall, multipurpose shots are used (M830 in the USA, DM 12 in Germany) with cumulative-fragmentation shells. The main difference between domestic shots from foreign things lies in separate charging, which makes it possible to store them in automata and charging mechanisms located in the tank housing.

The use of automata and charging mechanisms provides tanks a high level of technical rapidity, independent of the physical capabilities of the charging, and reduces the number of the crew to three people. So modern tanks are no longer "steel bronatosaurs", and high-clean, saturated with modern electronics and armament armored complexes.

At the same time, it should be noted that the main emphasis is placed not only to increase the tactical and technical characteristics of the tanks themselves, but also to search for alternative solutions to improve the efficiency of the use of tank units in battle. It is especially possible to note one of these uranial decisions as the inclusion in the state of the tank units of the tank support combat vehicle (BMPT) currently tested. On the fire power of the BMPT, the BMP is 25-30% BMP, and the security is not inferior to tanks. The appearance of this car will significantly change the views on the forms and methods of applying tank units and will make it for about a third to increase their combat efficiency. Of great interest in the BPTT show, in particular, India, Germany, Israel, France, USA. Analogs of such a car in the world does not yet exist.

In addition to the main combat there are also "light" tanks. In our country, this class of several decades represented the floating Tanks of PT-76 in the history. Is there a replacement for them?

PT-76 stood in service, as a rule, in the intelligence units of the ground forces. They, mostly, were also equipped with parts and divisions of the marines. To date, PT-76 has been removed from production, although he played a certain role in the formation of views on the maintenance of landing operations and the development of BTVT. He is replaced by the anti-tank self-propelled system "Spruit", which is recently adopted. It is equipped with a 125 mm tank cannon and is able to conduct an effective fire, both from the go and afloat. That is, in addition to high mobility, buoyancy and aerotransportability here, it is also about a qualitative increase in firepower.

What is the situation in tank compounds and parts with combat training, is there any state of their combat training on the state of affairs in all ground forces?

Of course, in combat training of tank joints, parts and units, problems are traced that are characteristic of other land forces. But the peculiarities of the use of tank troops, namely the cohesion factor of tank crews, understanding that the vitality, the power of the tank and its weapons will directly depend on the training and skill of the crew to be cooled in any combat situation, have always distinguished special and technical training of tankers. Very relevant for tankers and the question of complete interchangeability. After all, the tank remains a combat unit, even if only one of the crew members is physically able to perform functional responsibilities.

It should be borne in mind that the combat training of tankers is much more expensive than, for example, motorpins, in connection with which more attention is paid to the conduct of training on tank firing towns with the execution of the firing of regular shots and the use of simulators as for training commander of tanks, driver mechanics, gunners Operators individually and crews in general. Developed in recent years, new qualitative training facilities and polygon equipment meet modern requirements, developed by industry and in sufficient quantities will be supplied to the troops. This will significantly increase the level of tanker preparation with a significant reduction in the material and financial costs for training.

The material is prepared with the assistance of the information and public relations of the land forces.

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