Large report on a major explosion 1995. The most powerful explosion in history

The explosions can be divided into those that are non-national, but man-made, and atomic explosions. Among the atomic largest - the explosion "Tsar-bomb". There is a so-called big explosion theory.

The biggest nuclear explosions

In times " Cold War"The phrases" nuclear bomb "and" nuclear explosion "sounded very often. At about these years, many powerful nuclear explosions were produced.

"The Big One" - the so-called one of America's most powerful hydrogen bombs. The force of the explosion exceeded the intended scientists with more than three times. Because of this, the military, and local residents Received significant injury, even the dead were. The test caused a radioactive infection of a significant territory of the United States. This explosion was produced in 1954.

It was assumed that the power would be equal to the four-six megatons, but it turned out to be equal to fifteen megatons. The diameter of the crater from the explosion was two kilometers in diameter at a depth of seventy-five meters. After a minute after the explosion, the resulting mushroom cloud turned out to be at an altitude of fifteen kilometers. Up to the maximum size of the mushroom rose after eight minutes - these are twenty kilometers in diameter.

In Nevada in America, an underground explosion on the desert was produced in 1962. The charge was laid on the depth of four hundred fifty meters. The capacity turned out to be such that visually on the shooting of the explosion can be seen how ripples went through the desert.

Tests were performed nuclear weapons And on the barge. The name of one of them is "Castle Romeo". And again the power exceeded the estimated almost three times and turned out to be equal to eleven megatons. This test was first, but the further stages did not follow, since the whole set of tests would simply destroy all the islands on which they were conducted.

In 1952, on the island of Elugelab, I conducted the tests of "Mike". The blown device was called "sausage" and turned out to be more powerful of all the bombs over the years of World War. This is the first megaton class bomb. The mushroom rose to the height of forty-one kilometer with a diameter of ninety-six kilometers.

It is impossible not to remember the bombings of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. It is known that a bomb with the title "Tolstik" was reset on Nagasaki, the result of which was death from sixty to eighty thousand people and the strongest destruction. In Hiroshima, the atomic bomb "Baby" exploded, which was killed about one hundred sixty-six thousand people. Both of these bombing became the first use so powerful weapons as a combat.

Burst "Tsar Bomb"

At the end of October 1961, an explosion occurred the most powerful in the history of the bomb. The country of his exercise - the USSR. She was given a sonorous name - "Tsar Bomb". The second its name is "Kuzkina Mother." Fifty-eight megaton hydrogen bomb exploded on the island of New Earth. According to Nikita Khrushchev, initially planned to create a hundred megaton bomb, but for the sample decided to reduce the charge. How he joked so that the glasses of houses in Moscow were not crashed.

As a result, such a powerful explosion, all living in the sixty-two kilometers radius turned out to be amazed. Power is such that such an explosion will easily destroy the city with a million population.

Man-made non-national explosions

In addition to atomic explosions in the history of mankind, many non-national explosions were produced. Their number is huge. So, in the First World War, one of such explosions occurred during the Messinist battle in 1917. The British army blew up tunnels, laying nineteen large mines, demoralizing, therefore, the enemy. As a result, about ten thousand Germans were killed. In 1913, the Wales cargo ship exploded, which was dynamite, necessary for the construction of the Panama Canal. The mass of dynamite was three hundred forty-three tons.

Another neatomic explosion is an explosion of a chemical plant in the city of Opau in the fall of 1921, which led to significant destruction and mass victims. Simply great amount explosions made for the second world War. Blizzards, cruisers, aircraft carriers, steamers, artillery cellar exploded.

Already in peacetime, the explosions continued worldwide. The wagons with explosives exploded, explosions were produced as a modeling of an atomic explosion, there were disasters on cosmodromes, explosions on military bases, etc.

In the twenty-first century, too, it is also known about several strong non-national explosions. So, in 2009, during the creation in Kyrgyzstan, the dams of Kambaratin GES-2 was produced by a powerful industrial explosion. In the fall of 2001 in Toulouse, the explosion occurred at the AZF plant, which led to technogenic catastrophe. The list could be continued.

Big explosion in the universe

About the big explosion, the result of which was the formation of the universe, many were heard. However, it is reliably confirmed. However, astronomical observations Confirm this version. The big explosion in the universe occurred about 13 billion years ago

For what reasons an explosion occurred - not clarified. This object, endan by incomprehensible properties, began to expand with huge speed. So our universe was born. When expanding the density decreased, the temperature fell, the physical properties changed.

It is assumed that it was as a result of a large explosion, small and major planets. .
Subscribe to our channel in Yandex.Dzen

No in the world of artificial explosion more powerful than an explosion atomic bombs. And although the test of atomic weapons in the world was carried out by many countries, only the United States and the USSR exploded the bombs with a capacity of more than 10 megaton in Ttatile Equivalent.

In order to visually see the destruction and sacrifices that such bombs may be used; Nukemap . The inner ring is an epicenter, in which everything burns on fire. In a pink circle, almost all buildings will be destroyed, and the percentage of the number of victims will be almost 100%. In a green circle, mortality will be from 50 to 90%, most of the dead die from the resulting exposure over the next few weeks. In the gray circle, the most durable buildings stand, but wounds in the mass will be fatal. In Orange - people with open skin will receive burns of the third degree, and combustible materials will light up, which will lead to mass fires.

And here are the 12 most powerful explosions in the history of mankind:

Foto: Publicitātes ATTēLI

August 25 and September 19, 1962, with a period of less than a month, atomic bombs were performed on the new land with a capacity of 10 megatons. The area of \u200b\u200bthe epicenter of the explosion, in which all living and non-living, was destroyed, amounted to 4.5 square meters. kilometer. The burns of the third degree would expect everyone within a radius of almost three kilometers. Photos and video test materials at least in public access are not preserved.

10. Ivi Mike

On November 1, 1952, the US for the first time in the world experienced a thermalide explosive device with a capacity of 10.4-12 megatons of the TNT, almost 700 times more than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. The explosion capacity turned out to be sufficient to completely destroy the elvelab atoll, on the site of which the crater was formed with a diameter of 2 kilometers and a depth of 50 meters. Highly infected coral reef shards scattered at a distance of 50 kilometers. The explosion was filmed on the video.

9. Castle Romeo.

Foto: Wikipedia.

In 1954, the United States started a whole series of tests thermonuclear bombs A fundamentally different design, rather than "Ivi Mike" (more practical, although still not applicable as weapons). The power of Romeo was 11 megaton and it was the first bomb blown on the Barge in the open ocean - later it will be the standard for American nuclear testsSince the bombs of such power, as it turned out with the rest of the Castle test series, simply erase with the face of the Earth, small islands, on which nuclear charges were originally tested.

Foto: Publicitātes ATTēLI

On October 23, 1961, the USSR was experienced by another nuclear bomb, this time with a capacity of 12.5 megatons of the Ttatile Equivalent. On an area of \u200b\u200b5 square meters. She destroyed kilometers in general, and within a radius of three kilometers he burned everything that could burn.

7. Castle Yankee.

Foto: Kadrs No Video

In 1954, the United States successively experienced "Castles". The next was blown up on May 4 - with a capacity of 13.5 megatons and infected clouds reached Mexico City, which was in more than 11 thousand kilometers, in just four days.

6. Castle Bravo.

Foto: Wikipedia.

The most powerful of the "castles" is the most powerful American nuclear charge - was blown on February 28, 1954 on the Bikini Atoll, before the other "locks". It was assumed that its capacity will be only 6 megaton, but in fact, due to an error in the calculations, it reached 15 MT, exceeding the calculated 2.5 times. As a result of the explosion, the Japanese fishing vessel "Fukrew-Maru" was falling asleep by radioactive ashes, which led to severe illness and disability of the crew members (one person and soon died). This incident with the "fisherman", as well as the fact that the irradiation received several hundred inhabitants of the Marshal Islands, in the direction of which the wind blew in the day, led to serious protests all over the world and forced politicians and scientists to talk about the need to limit nuclear weapons .

Foto: Publicitātes ATTēLI

From August 5 to September 27, 1962, a whole series of tests of nuclear charges of nuclear charges of 20 megaton of TNT, each - 1000 times more powerful bombsdrunk on Nagasaki.

Foto: Publicitātes ATTēLI

A series of Soviet tests of 1962 was completed by a charge of charge with a capacity of 24.2 megatons in Ttrotil equivalent, this is the second power of the explosion. He was produced at the landfill on all the same new land.

With development technical progress People had more opportunities, but the results of the tragedies and accidents that led to the explosions became much larger. Of course, the biggest explosion that occurred in the fault of people, in consequences, does not compare with the natural catastrophes of the planetary and even space scale, but the consequences are amazing.

Top 10 largest explosions in history

The cause of the death of six hundred people in 1947 was the explosion of the SS Grandcamp truck, in the holds of which there were 2300 tons of ammonium nitrate, which is a component of explosives. The tragedy provoked a fire on the vessel, but the consequences would be much less tragic if it were not for a shock wave that aggravated the situation.

Because of her, two flew past the aircraft were exploded and another ship with 1000 tons of Selitras on board. The chain reaction covered local plants. In addition to those killed from explosions and fires, 3.5 thousand people were injured. Although the world has happened and larger than human victims, but it is the Texas catastrophe in the first place in the list of impressive explosions.

The second place in the ranking is an explosion on a French ship in the Canadian port of Halifax. The ship with a weapon and explosives collided with the Belgian ship, so that the cargo simply detected - an explosion occurred by force in 3 kilotons in Ttatil equivalent. It happened during the First World War, in 1917.

The shock wave not only raised a dust cloud over the port up to 6.1 km high, but also caused the formation of a 18-meter tornadow. After the explosion within a radius of 2 km, the living remains at all. The victims of the tragedy were 11 thousand people - 2000 killed, 9,000 people were injured. This incident is the biggest artificial accidental explosion in the history of mankind.

Everybody heard - this tragedy occurred in 1986 in the Ukrainian city of Chernobyl. The nuclear explosion in the atomic station reactor caused the largest disaster in the consequences.

The power of the explosion threw the reactor cover weighing 2000 tons. Radioactive particles polluted 200 thousand square kilometers of land. Chernobyl cities, Pripyat and nearby areas became an alienation zone - residents evacuated. As for human victims, 600,000 people were influenced by the effects of radiation, and the consequences of this catastrophe are still felt - the video about all sorts of mutations can be found on the Internet.

Another destructive effect of exposure explosion occurred in the town of Trinity in New Mexico. It was there that the first atomic explosion was conducted, whose force corresponded to 20 kilotons in Troatil equivalent.

The tests of the bomb were successful, and the state residents received a dose of irradiation, thousands of times greater than the permissible level. Tests caused numerous diseases, including unborn children.

5. Tunguska. The biggest explosion of the meteorite occurred in 1908 by the River River Tunguska, in honor of which the 20-meter meteorite called.

Despite modest sizes, weight heavenly Body amounted to 185 thousand tons, and the blow was affected by the territory of 2000 square kilometers. According to scientists, the explosion from the collision of the fragment of a comet or an asteroid with the Earth according to force was 4 megatons in Trotil equivalent.

The biggest explosion of the volcano, recorded by mankind, occurred in 1815. An explosion on Mount Tambo in Indonesia corresponded to 1000 megatons in Trotil equivalent. The explosive eruption of the volcano was the cause of the emission of 140 billion tons of magma, which flooded the island of the night and lobs.

The number of dead amounted to 71,000 people. People's survivors suffered not only from the eruption, but also from climate change, which provoked the ashes that risen into the air: the next year after the eruption in Indonesia unexpectedly fell snow and destroyed the harvest. The coming hunger would kill hundreds of thousands of people.

The reason for the appearance of this crater is unknown, but the dimensions are simply affected - the natural object found in 1978 on the Yucatan Peninsula, has a diameter of about 180 kilometers.

Scientists suggest that it was the cataclysm on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico Bay become the last point in the process of climate change on Earth and the extinction of dinosaurs. The explosive wave led to the destruction of half of living beings on the planet of 65 million years ago.

As for the largest cataclysm in the universe, which watched humanity, then this clash of the comet of Schühiker-Levi 9 and the planet Jupiter in 1994.

Explosion of the comet Schukeyaker-Levi 9

The comet on the netting to the planet crushed the giant attraction force on the fragments. But since each of the fragments reached 3 km wide, the consequences of this collision are terrified. The explosion from the strike of a comet about the planet left after a funnel width of 12,000 km. It is comparable to the size of the Earth. The force of the explosion corresponded to 6,000 Gigaton in TNT equivalent.

9. Explosions in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The accelerating surrender of Japan and the end of World War II became the only ones in the history of the use of nuclear weapons. On August 6, 1945, the Babe bomb was dropped on Hiroshima - 3.2 meters long, 0.7 meters in diameter, weighing 4 tons.

The capacity of the bomb was 13-18 kiloton trotyl. The bomb "Tolstik", dropped after 3 days on Nagasaki, possessed a 3.25 meter long, a diameter of 1.54 meters, weighing 4.6 tons and an explosion capacity of 21 kilotonne in TNT equivalent. Destroyed cities, 220 thousand dead and contaminated territories, on which no one lives, became due to the explosion of the biggest bombs in the history of mankind.

10. Messinskaya battle. The biggest non-nuclear explosion was recorded on June 7-14, 1917 in Flanders next to the village of Messen. Preparation for the explosion lasted for 15 months - the British pulled 20 tunnels under the second level of groundwater, deepening in the ground by 25-50 meters. In tunnels, a total length of 7.3 km laid 600 tons of explosives.

Since underground mined tunnels are located just under the location of the German troops, the British simply covered this section with artillery fire. The explosion destroyed the line of German troops, forming a funnel with a diameter of up to 80 meters and a depth of 27 meters. The result of the operation was the death of 10 thousand german soldiers. 7200 soldiers were captured - demoralized troops did not resist. Craters remained so far and turned into artificial reservoirs.

Tass dossier. On November 17, the head of the FSB, Alexander Bortnikov, said that the A321 catastrophe over Sinai, where more than 220 people died, is the terrorist attack. According to him, traces of an explosive of foreign production were found on the fragments of the aircraft and things.

In less than two weeks after the events in Egypt, terrorists made a series of attacks in Paris. 129 people were killed, over 350 were injured. This is the second in the number of victims of the terrorist attack in Europe after Madrid, when 190 people died during explosions at the stations in 2004.

Below are 10 largest in the number of victims of the terrorist attacks in the world, with the exception of the attacks that occurred in countries where the military conflict was at that time. In eight cases, terrorist attacks arranged radical Islamist groups.

Terrorist attacks September 11 in the United States. 2996 dead

On September 11, 2001, in the United States, the death bombers from the terrorist organization Al-Qaida captured passenger aircraft and crashed into two towers of the World Trade Center (New York) and the Pentagon building - headquarters of the US Department of Defense (Arlington District , PC. Virginia). The fourth captured liner crashed near the city of Shanksville (pcs. Pennsylvania). As a result of this largest series of terrorist acts, 2 thousand 996 people were killed, over 6 thousand people were injured. The organizer of the terrorist attack was the Al-Qaida group and its leader Usama Ben Laden.

Beslan. Russia. 335 dead

On September 1, 2004 in Beslan (North Ossetia - Alania), the militants led by Ruslana Huchbarov ("Rasul") seized more than 1 thousand 100 students of the school number 1, their relatives and teachers. On September 2, after negotiations with the ex-president of the Republic of Ingushetia, Ruslana Aushev, the bandits were released by 25 women and children. On September 3, the School began shooting and explosions, it forced to start the assault. Most hostages were liberated, 335 people died. Among the killed 186 children, 17 teachers and school staff, 10 employees of the FSB of Russia, two employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The militants were destroyed, only one was survived - Nurpash Kulaev (in 2006 sentenced to death penaltyreplaced by a life imprisonment due to the moratorium on the execution of mortal sentences). Responsibility for the terrorist attack assumed an international terrorist Shamil Basayev (liquidated in 2006).

Boeing 747 Air India. 329 dead

On June 23, 1985, the Air India passenger aircraft Boeing 747, which followed the AI182 flight on the route Montreal (Canada) - London - Delhi, failed in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Ireland. The cause of the disaster was the explosion of the bomb laid into the luggage of Indian Extremists-Sikhami. All those who were on board 329 people (307 passengers and 22 members of the crew) were killed in the catastrophe. On charges of participating in the preparation of the terrorist attack in 2003, a citizen of Canada Inertiz Singh Reath was convicted for 5 years of imprisonment. Before that, he was serving a 10-year prison sentence for the preparation of the explosion at the airport of Narita (Japan) that occurred on the same day as the VT-EFO catastrophe. Later, Ryatiya was accused of giving false testimony and in 2011 sentenced to 9 years.

Attack Boko-Haram in Nigeria. More than 300 dead

On May 5-6, 2014, as a result of the night attack on the city of Gambora, Born, the militants were killed over 300 inhabitants. The survivors fled to the neighboring Cameroon. Most of the city was destroyed.

Terrorist attack over Lockerby. 270 dead

On December 21, 1988, PAN AM (USA) passenger aircraft (USA) passenger aircraft, which carried out regular flight 103 on the route Frankfurt am Main - London - New York - Detroit, collapsed in the air over Lockerby (Scotland). On his board exploded the bomb embedded in the luggage. All 243 passengers and 16 crew members who were on board, as well as 11 people on Earth were killed. In 1991, two citizens of Libya were accused of organizing the explosion. In 1999, the Libyan leader Moamar Gaddafi agreed to transfer to the Netherlands of both suspects. One of them, Abdelbasset Ali Al-megri, January 31, 2001 was found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment (in 2009 released in connection with his diagnosed deadly disease, died in 2012). In 2003, the Libyan authorities recognized responsibility for the terrorist attack and paid compensation in the total amount of $ 2.7 billion - $ 10 million for each deceased.

The attacks in Bombay. India. 257 dead

On March 12, 1993, 13 blast devices laid in cars were performed at the same time. The victims of the attack of terrorists were 257 people, over 700 were injured. The investigation found that the organizers of the explosions were Islamic terrorists. The terrorist attack was the answer to the collision between Muslims and Hinduses that occurred before that. One of the organizers, Yakub Menemon, was sentenced to the death penalty, which was carried out on July 30, 2015. Two of his accomplices are wanted.

Airplane A321 "Kogalymavia". 224 dead

October 31, 2015 AIRBUS A321-231 passenger aircraft (EI-ETJ registration number) of the Russian airline Metrojet (Kogalymavia), who followed the flight 9268 from Sharm-Eshech (Egypt) to St. Petersburg, suffered 100 km from El-Arish in the north of the Sinai Peninsula. On board were 224 people - 217 passengers and seven crew members, they all died.

Russian President Vladimir Putin promised that the guilty and involved in the terrorist attack will be found and punished. "We must do this without the statute of limitations, know them all namely. We will look for them everywhere, wherever they hide. We will find them anywhere in the planet and kill," Putin assured.

Undermining the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. 224 dead

On August 7, 1998, in Nairobi (the capital of Kenya) and Dar Es-Salama (the former capital of Tanzania) at the same time there were two terrorist attacks, the purpose of which was the US Embassies in these countries. The parked trucks stranged by explosives exploded near the embassies. In total, 224 people died, of which 12 US citizens, the rest are local residents. The explosion organizer was the Al-Qaida group.

The attacks in Mumbai. India. 209 dead

On July 11, 2006, Islamic terrorists led to the operation of explosive devices hidden in the pressure cooker, embedded in the wagons of seven suburban trains in the suburbs of Mumbai (Stations "Char Road", "Badra", "Jogshvari", "Makhim", "Boryli", "Matung "And" peace roud "). The terrorist attack occurred during the evening hour of peak. 209 people were killed, more than 700 were injured. At the end of the investigation of the crime, the court sentenced to various prison terms of 12 people, 5 of them were sentenced to death.

Terrorist attack on Bali. Indonesia. 202 dead

On October 12, 2002, as a result of the attacks of the suicide terrorist and the explosion of a mined car near the nightclubs in the resort town of Kuta (Bali Island) killed 202 people, of which 164 are foreign tourists. 209 people were injured. In case of involvement in the terrorist attack, about 30 people were arrested. The organizers of the terrorist attack Indonesian court in 2003 recognized a number of members of the organization "Jamaa Islamia". In 2008, three of them - Abdul Aziz, also known as Imam Samuestr, Ambosi Bin Nurhasim and Ali (Muklas) Hurfon - were shot by the court sentence. The brother Muklas - Ali Imronov was sentenced to life imprisonment.

The al-Qaeda mentioned in the material is entered into a single federal list of organizations recognized in accordance with the law Russian Federation terrorist. Their activity in the territory of the Russian Federation is prohibited.

Railway catastrophe near Ufa, USSR. At the time of passing two passenger trains No. 211 Novosibirsk-Adler and No. 212 "Adler-Novosibirsk" occurred powerful explosion Unlimited clouds of wide fractions of lung hydrocarbons formed as a result of an accident on the Siberian-Ural-Volga region passing alongside the pipeline. 575 people died, 181 of them - children, wounded more than 600.
The explosion of a large amount of gas distributed in space was the nature of the volume explosion. The power of the explosion was estimated at 250-300 tons of trinitrogenolool. According to other estimates, the power of the volume explosion could reach up to 12 kilotons TNT, which is comparable to power nuclear explosion in Hiroshima (16 kilotonn) /

Train explosion in Arzamas. Credited 3 wagon, total transported 121 tons of hexogen intended for mining enterprises. During the explosion, the train followed through the railway crossing in Arzamas.
The explosion was destroyed 151 houses, more than 800 families were left without bed. According to official data, 91 people were killed, 1500 people were injured. 250 meters of railway canvases were destroyed, the railway station was damaged, the electrical resistant, power lines were destroyed, the gas pipeline was damaged. 2 hospitals were injured, 49 kindergartens, 14 schools, 69 stores.

An explosion during the second launch of the pH H1, the USSR. Accident due to abnormal operation of the engine No. 8 block A and off all engines by 23 from the flight. The carrier fell to the start place. As a result of the largest explosion in the history of rocket, one starting table was completely destroyed, and the second is seriously damaged.

British engineers made an explosion on the island of Helgoland. The purpose of the explosion was the destruction of German bunkers and structures. About 4,000 torpedo warheads, 9000 underwater bombs, 91000 grenades of different calibers are undermined - a total of 6,700 tons of explosives. Rating - 3.2 CT. Entered in the Book of Records Guinies as the largest detonation of explosives.

Texas City. An explosion up to 2300 tons of ammonium nitrate and subsequent fires and explosions killed at least 581 people.

During the loading of the ammona in Nakhodka, an explosion of a steamer "Dalstroy" occurred. Sentification 400 tons of trotyl.

The explosion of the steamer "Fort Stinkin", Bombay - 1400 tons of explosives, died about 800 people.

The explosion of the cellars of feed towers of Lincore Muts. More than 1000 dead.

Messinsky battle is an explosion of 19 huge mines, summarically containing more than 455t ammonium explosives. Died about 10 thousand Germans.

In the Etland battle - as a result of an explosion of art. The cellars sunk 3 British ship "Indefatig Bal" (1015 dead), "Queen Mary" (1262 dead), "Invinsbel" (1026 dead).