Literary language Presentation. Presentation on the topic "Literary language"
Literary (language) norm- this is the use of language units, which is adopted in the medium of the most cultural, formed part of this language team; These are the rules for the use of words, grammatical norms, the rules of pronunciation in force in this period of development of the literary language.
The norms of the literary language cover both oral and written speech; Pronunciation, vocabulary, word formation, grammar, spelling.
Types of norms:
Orphoepic
Lexical
Grammatical
Syntax
Punctuation on the topic:
"Language and speech.
Basic units of language. The concept of literary language. "
Goals and objectives Classes:
- acquaint students with the concepts of "language" and "speech";
- reveal the essence of the ratio of language and speech;
- continue to get acquainted with the main linguistic units;
- to define the concept of "literary norm".
"Of all the living beings, only a person is gifted by speech."
Aristotle
The idea of \u200b\u200bscholarships and speech belongs to scientistsXVIII century.
Language is a combination of means of communication of people through the exchange of thoughts and rules for the use of these funds; The language finds its manifestation in speech.
Speech is the use of existing language facilities and rules in the very language communication of people; Speech can be defined as a language functioning.
Language and speech ratio
LANGUAGE
Speech
· Language is a means of communication.
· Speech is the incarnation and implementation of the language.
· Abstract language, formulated.
· We are material, consists of articulated sounds perceived by hearing.
· Language is stable, statical.
· It is active and dynamic, it is characterized by high variability.
· The language is the advantage of society, it reflects the "picture of the world" of the people saying not.
· We are individual, it reflects only the experience of a separate person
· Has a linear organization, representing a sequence of words associated in the stream
· Language is independent of the situation and the situation of communication.
· The speech is specifically and situationally determined.
The concepts of the language and speech correlate as the general and private:
the general (language) is expressed in private (speech), the individual (speech) is the form of the embodiment and the implementation of the general (language).
Cannot be used:Must speak:
You want you want
My surning my last name
They escaped they ran
A lot of lots a lot of rash
EHAY Faster Go faster
Rides on the car goes on the car
Zhgery coal burn coal
Language is the object of special scientific research.
Linguistics (or linguistics) is a language science that claims that the language is an ordered system, and not the hearing of words, sounds, rules.
Basic units:
phoneamorfemaslovo
phrasePresentationExter
The task:
Name the main sections of the language science.
The most amazing and wise, which created
Humanity is a language.
Literary language is the main means
Communications between people of one
nationality.
Signs of literary language:
1) processed;
2) stability (system ability
save the current state in the presence of
external influences)
3) obligation (for all carriers
language);
4) rationing;
5) availability of functional styles. Processing
literary language is
Purposeful selection just
The best thing is in language.
This selection is carried out in
A result of special
research by scientists by philologists, public
figures Production - use
Language funds adjustable
Unified general obligatory norm.
If it were not for a single language
norms, then people living in different
ends of Russia would stop
understand each other. Russian literary
language
exists in two
Forms:
oral and written. Written I.
Oral shapes of speech
Speech is a specific speech,
flowing in time and
tried in sound or
writing. style is a variety of language,
Peculiar to a certain sphere
human activity I.
Possessing certain
Uniqueness.
Two style classifications:
In the traditional understanding of their
and functional styles. In modern Russian literary
Language is allocated
Functional styles
(Language genres, functional
varieties of language):
spoken, journalistic,
official business, scientific art
Religious functional style
(church-religious style) In the stylistics in addition to the allocation
Functional styles exist
distinction of language means and
styles for two main spheres -
Book and spoken Literary language is divided into
Two functional
Varieties:
Spoken and book.
Conversation is allocated
and book language.
In oral colloquial speech
distinguish
Three pronunciation style:
Full, neutral,
colloquial. Styles exist in the book language:
scientific,
official business
publicist
(art). Which of the following funds
Artistic expressiveness
Used in the sentence?
He did no longer
the rest, extraordinary,
Unprecedented hours and now
It is impossible not to admire.
1.Metafora
3.Gradation
2. hyperbole.
4. Comparison
Answer: Grace
In which sentence is usedmetaphor?
1. The vertices of the foothills, published seemingly
loved ones as you approach
walked up and away.
2. From the next vertex, new
Ridges of the mountains similar to the frozen waves
Giant Sea.
3. I read somewhere that on the site of the Caucasus in
Prehistoric times were the sea.
Answer: 2.
Informational resources:
1.2.
3.
4.
Encyclopedia Cyril and Miffodia
http://lib.rus.ec/b/138620/read.
Vvedenskaya L.A. and others. Russian language and
Culture Speech: Examination
Answers. Series "Rent Exam". / L.A.
Vvedenskaya, L.G. Pavlova, E.Yu.
Kashayeva. Rostov N / D: "Phoenix", 2004
http://nsportal.ru.
Slide 2.
Literary language - language normalized norms of the Russian literary language are required for everyone who speaks and writes in Russian
Slide 3.
Orphoepic norms
Prinders correctly: start, started calling, calling, providing, document, starred, Verba, climbed, made, Georgic, got to clog, sharpen
Slide 4.
Morphological and syntactic norms
Composition of phrases and suggestions of okuzha (-A. -The) milk, girl. Red-eyed, tomato, rowan. I (go) and you (go). We are friends with (you). Broken, pencil, handle, tree
Slide 5.
Check yourself!
Unsupported (cf.r.), kuzhezhadovka (Zh.R.) RedPomor (M.R.), Krasnichambabin (J.R.), Red Blocked (cf.r.) I go (1 person) and you go (2 face ) We (with whom?) With you (TV.Pad.) Friend. Brookhangandash (M.R.), Bloomnant (J.R.), Bloomannedorevo (cf.)
Slide 6.
Stylistic norms
Comment on the announcement of the announcement from tomorrow if someone will try to come without removable shoes, let it be on yourself. He finds out where the crayfish is the director of the school.
Slide 7.
Punctational norms
Put the missing punctuation sign of the announcement of cutting and sharing goat rods and shave. Kozlov.
Slide 8.
Determine the borders of proposals in the poem of K.I. Chukovsky
In the river there is a fish on the bug of a cow in a cone dog bakes on the fence sings a cinema in the corridor playing children on the wall hanging a picture on the window patterns in the squeezer burning firewood in the hands of a girl's hands in a cage hand-sheds Winter prepare there glasses lie for the grandmother the notebooks are always kept in order.
Slide 9.
Check yourself!
In the river there is a fish. On the bug, mice cow. In the cone dog barks. A cinema sings on the fence. Children play the corridor. A picture hangs on the wall. On the window Patterns Inea. Firewood burns in the cooking. In the hands of the girl's elegant, a doll. In the cage, the manual shoe sings. Napkins there on the table lie. Skates for winter are prepared. There, glasses lie for the grandmother. Notebooks are always kept in order.
In a presentation on the topic "Literary language and non-vertical options", the concepts and signs of the literary language are considered in detail, as well as non-leaturated options: a dialect, jargon, spacious. To consolidate theoretical material, practical tasks are provided.
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Task Read the phraseological units with the word language. Write down those of them that characterize the speaker: a) positively, b) negatively. In which combinations the word tongue does the "moving muscular organ in the oral cavity"? Machine into tongue. Foured from the language. Keep your mouth shut. Split in language. Show language. Find mutual language. Language itches. Give free tongue. Typun to you in the language.
Theme "Literary language and non-vertical options" 1. Literary language: the concept, the main properties of the literary language - the form of existence national LanguageHis carriers for exemplary. The above definition has a differentiating force: it is degraded by a literary language from other social and functional subsystems of the National Language.
Properties of the literary language: 1) stability (stability), enshrined in written texts. The literary language arises when writing arises, and therefore the moment of his "birth" is usually known. This property of the literary language has exceptional cultural significance: it provides a link between the generations of speakers of this national language replacing each other, their mutual understanding.
2) the variability of the literature should lag behind the development of live speech (cf. well-known aphorism A.M.Peshkovsky: "The norm recognizes what was, and partly what is, but not what will happen"). 3) Communication for all speakers in this literary language: in social and communicative relations, one of the most important properties of the literary language is its high social prestige: being a cultural component, a literary language is a communicative national language subsystem, which is focused on all speakers, regardless of In addition, they own this subsystem or any other.
4) the opposition of oral and written form written form as the main form of a book language implementation determines one more important property: the letter "lengthens the lifetime of each text (the oral tradition gradually changes the text); Thus, it enhances the ability of the literary language to be bonding between generations. 5) Functional Style System: The literary language is able to serve the communicative needs of any field of activity "... the sensation of the difference between those can never disappear among the speakers in general," as you can say ", and those" how to write "(D.N.Shelev)
6) consistent normation: not only the presence of a single norm, but also its conscious cultivation, purposeful codification (consolidation in grammar and dictionaries); The system of the language of the language provides all-life for all native speakers
2. Unlicatural language options The literary language is the main means serving the communicative needs of society. He is opposed to non-leaturated National Languages:. Territorial dialects, urban spacious, professional and social jargon.
Dialektos (Greek Dialektos - "Speech, adverb", where Dia - "Through", Lektos - "Milling to be said") - a non-LED language that is used by people on certain territories, mostly in rural areas. The dialect may differ from the literary language: vocabulary - instead of the protein they say eyewi, instead of the belt - the Gasnik (in the northern regions), the bases - buildings for livestock, butter - cock (on Don); elements of grammar, characteristics of pronunciation. Dialects underlie any literary language. So, the basis of the "ancestor" language of all Slavic languages \u200b\u200b- Praslavyansky - lies one of the dialects of the Indo-European language (I thousand BC).
Jargon (FR. Jargon - "Wrong, chatter") - a non-vector version of the language used in case of relaxed communication within some social groups The emergence of jargon is associated with the desire of certain social groups to oppose themselves to society or other social groups, to exist from them using the language of language. The basis of creating jargon words is the desire to hide the meaning of speech from others. So, for example, the appearance of craftsmen was caused by the need to use incomprehensible to others to hide the secrets of production. All social jarrs are artificial education. Jargon can be called "language in language". Unlike the literary language, they do not have a special grammatical system and are characterized only by the specifics of the dictionary, which is created only by rethinking the words of the national language, for example: a dog - a castle, wash off - steal, horn - traitor, etc. Jargonism often replace common words.
Spatrical is a non-vector version of the language used in the speech of a low-educated layer of the population and the incorrect and rude character imparting. All existing examples of the spacious can be divided into several groups: created with the help of incorrect strokes ("percentage"). Morphological forms ("Want"). Distortion in the field of phraseology ("lay down"). Phonetic distortion ("here"). However, the most extensive and characteristic of the Spatrical Language Group is words with deliberate expressive color. They tend to have synonyms in the literary speech. As an example - the word "daring" - the literary "sleep".
Task 1. Read carefully; Specify dialectisms and try to explain their meaning. There is no gate in the gate. Would not be the forest, and then the village of the forest is tall and thick, all birch yes pine, it would be an e-into what houses to build and make booties with a gate ... "And the commo? - Podlipovets will ask, not understanding. - And so this is also a Basco! " The yards are not seen by the Rig or Senges, there are no vegetable gardens. Only right is the ridges with cabbage, carrots and predominantly potatoes. (F.M. Perezhetnikov. Podlipovtsy)
Task 2. Read and specify the words of the zaga vocabulary. Semenov did not talk more ... He remembered that he had a porridge with porridge in his desk. Semenov wanted to have breakfast, but the pump did not turn out. Annoyed by constant clashes with comrades, he turned to them with the words: - Lord, it's impoverished! - What? - Who took the ripper? - With porridge? - answered him mockingly. - Stybril? - Suggested? - Slapsy? - Split? - Lafa, brother! All these words translated from Burstsky to the human language mean: "stolen", and Lafa - "Liho". (N.G. Pomyalovsky. Essays Bussia)
Task 3. Read the conversation excerpt and define sporing words. Are you in 18? Large? Yes. 5 people, you are the sixth; All in this quidory. Slowly accept. Immediately. It just often needs to leave: then to the head, then to the laboratory, then to the phthisiatra. If you are without a pole, then do not to get. Let's take place, then call the number on the phone. This doctor is good, experienced, we have on the site for more than 20 years.
Control issues Language as a sign system. Language and speech. As the concepts of "language" and "speech" relate. How do you understand the following words M.V. Panova: "The task of the luggage is to find a language in speech, to rise from speech to the language"? What do you think, what conditions need to be observed to be a meaningful, informative, enriched the listeners, attracted their attention? When you answer, use the communication scheme (see clause 1.1.) What is the main condition of speech communication? Language function, list and describe. Language as a system. List and characterize the system elements language. The interaction of the elements of the system language. Demonstrate this interaction on the example of a particular offer. Literary Russian language and non-vertical options, their interaction. Dialecta as a non-uniterated language. Give examples of spaticrous words (based on your observations and texts. artistic works). Jargon as a non-LED language. Think some jargon groups you can call. Give examples. Spatrical as a non-vector version of the language. Give examples of spaticrous words. Based on the material of the topic studied, write an essay on the topic: "What Russian language do I need?". Prepare messages on the themes (to choose from): - "The formation of a modern Russian literary language", "M.V. Lomonosov and its place in the study of the Russian language", "A.S. Pushkin - ancestor of the modern Russian literary language." 15. Write an essay-reasoning according to the statement of D.N.Sheleva: "... the sensation of differences in general never disappears in general," as you can say ", and those" how to write "
Presentation prepared by the teacher of ChUPO "Economic Business College" Moskva Filimonova A.N.
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The concept of the literary language of the Russian language lesson in the 5th grade teacher Olkhovatskaya N.P.
The literary language takes his origins from the Old Russian literature. But the 19th century was the time of the final formation of the Russian literary language. Huge merit This is owned by A.S. Pushkin. His creativity is the result of searches, what should be a literary language.
"Literary language is a language of formal business documents, school learning, domestic communication, science, journalism, fiction, all manifestations of culture expressed in verbal form ...
Nuka about language is called linguistics (linguite, linguistics) Linguistics Language Science Linguistics
Sections of the phonetics language sounds Speech Morfemic Composition of the word vocabulary vocabulary Language Language Grammar Morphology Word As part of speech Syntax Conditional and proposal ORFOPII Specography Punctuation Stylistics
Dictionary work Linguistics, linguistic, linguistics, phonetics, morfemic, vocabulary, grammar, morphology, syntax.
na north "unfall" n and north - beets, n and north - a rooster about the Russian language for everyone is the Russian literary language. - in the south "Akhet" - in the south - Burak - in the south - kooms of the coat of the coat
Literary language is an exemplary language whose norms are required for each speaker in Russian.
Nations of the literary language pronunciation, morphological, syntactic, stylistic, spelling standards
Culture speech is part of the general human culture. What are you knowing the signs of culture speech? Correctness, accuracy, cleanliness, expressiveness, logicality, relevance, wealth.
And we have no other tenor! He will be able to take care of at least a measure of the forces, in the days of the evil and suffering, our gift is invalid - speech. I. Bunin
Record offers, revealing brackets and choosing the words of the literary language. (Lozg, ravine) was deep. (Chki, ice floes) floated slowly. (Stodol, Shed) stood on a spacious (base, yard).
Say words in accordance with the norm of pronunciation: red, what, hello, means, model, understood. Make proposals with these words.
Read the text A.N. Tolstoy. Why can I call it exemplary? Write down the text. The Russian people created the Russian language, bright, like a rainbow after the spring shower, acknowledged, like arrows, singers and rich, sincere, like a song over the cradle ... What is the Motherland? - This is all the people. This is his culture, his language.
Repeat! What is a literary language? What provisions of the literary language do you know? Why do you need to follow these norms? What is a culture of speech? Is a person anyone can call him cultural? Why?
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