With a coordinating subordinating relationship between parts. See what a “subordinate relationship” is in other dictionaries

During exams, school graduates are given tasks to determine the type of connection in the text. Many people have difficulty doing this, although it is not that difficult.

A complex connection in sentences or phrases is a sentence (phrase) in which one of the parts is subordinate to the other. When carefully studying the rules of subordinating relationships, many examples are given independently.

There are only three types of subordination - coordination, adjacency and control.

• Coordination.

The dominant word is a noun, and participles, adjectives, possessive pronouns or ordinal numerators are dependent words, i.e. subordinate, consistent. Cases, gender and numbers change following the main word.

For example: our dacha, an open book, the first warrior. In the first phrase, the pronoun acts as a predicative word, and the type of subordinating connection will be agreement.

• Control.

The predicative word changes from the dominant one in the case. Parts of speech are very diverse. You can find familiar combinations: adjectives and nouns, participles (gerunds) and nouns, verbs and nouns, numerals and nouns, even nouns and nouns.

Example: watch a movie, death threats, pea soup, five stars.

During final exams, applicants are often faced with the task of changing the type of communication from coordination to management or vice versa. Typically the example is two nouns. The above is split pea soup. To change a phrase, you need to transform one noun into an adjective, so you get pea soup. To convert back, you need to turn the adjective into a noun. For example, a silk dress will become a silk dress.

• Adjacency.

In adjacency, the dominant word is connected with the dependent word only logically, that is, in meaning. Typically, the following parts of speech have this type of connection: verb and verb, verb and adverb, verb and gerund, adjective or participle, verb and degree of comparison in an adverb. Feature adjacency is that the dependent word has no case and gender.

For example: it’s sad to watch, he says laughing, I can’t fly, to be kinder, it was better.

There are several types of subordinating connections in a complex sentence. There is one main simple clause and several subordinate clauses. The subordination of phrases differs from each other, so it is not always easy to distinguish them.

• Consistent submission.

In this case, the main phrase comes first, and the dependent ones obey it sequentially one after another.

For example. She looked at the guy from whom she once asked for a lecture, but he didn’t write it down either.

For example. She knew that it couldn't get any better and that it was better for her to leave forever.

The main thing: “She knew.” The first subordinate clause answers the question - did you know about what? That it won't get any better. The second subordinate clause also answers the question “About what?”, the answer is that it is better for her to leave forever.

After analyzing the text, it turns out that it is complex with a homogeneous method of subordination.

• Subordination is allied.

This is a way of subordination using conjunctions and allied words.

For example. She didn't know she was being watched.

The dominant phrase “She didn’t know,” the subordinate clause, answers the question “About what?” The answer will be “That she is being watched.”

• Indirect interrogative submission.

Subordinate clauses answer the main question using relative interrogative adverbs or pronouns. The main idea of ​​a predicative sentence is expressed using a verb or noun that describes a state or feeling.

For example. She didn't know how much it hurt. The main one is “She didn’t know.” The subordinate clause “how painful it was” answers the question “I didn’t know about what?”

• Subordination.

Subordinate and main clauses are dependent on each other, and the main idea expressed using lexico-syntactic means.

She had not yet laid out her things when she was surrounded by children.

The dominant thing is that she didn’t put things away. It answers the question “what happened” (she was surrounded by children).

Knowing the principles of constructing complex sentences is important for every Russian person, especially for schoolchildren before final exams. You don’t carry knowledge behind your back, and it’s nice to talk to a competent person.

AT 6

Among the sentences (no. sentences) find a complex sentence with a conjunctive subordinating and coordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this complex sentence.

Among the sentences (№№), find a complex sentence with sequential/parallel/homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

Among the sentences (№№), indicate a sentence with a subordinate reason (any other type).

Required knowledge:

· Types of subordinate clauses.

· Types of subordination of the subordinate construction to the main one.

· Types of connections between parts of a complex sentence.

definitive	explanatory	circumstances
Refers to IP in the main clause. Answer the question Which? They join the main one with the help of a conjunctive word.	In the main construction they refer to words with the meaning of speech, thoughts, feelings and complement (explain, reveal) the meaning of these words.	Subordinate clauses of this type refer to verbs or words with an adverbial meaning in the main sentence and specify the place, time, reason, purpose of the action, etc.
The house (what?) where I live is located on the edge of the village.	We knew (about what?) that he brought a lot of food.

Types of subordination of a subordinate clause to the main one

sequential	Each subsequent sentence depends on the previous one (“trailers”).	They reported on the radio (what?) that there was still ice in the bay (what follows from this?), so the support boats could not leave.
homogeneous	Both subordinate clauses depend on one main clause, answer the same question, and are homogeneous.	I had a dream (what?) that I was sleeping soundly, that I had died and was immersed in dreams .
parallel	Subordination of subordinate clauses, in which they refer to different words of the same main sentence.	(When?) When the chaise was already at the end of the village, Chichikov called to him the first man (which one?), who, having picked up a thick log somewhere on the road, was dragging it on his shoulder.
heterogeneous	This is the subordination of subordinate clauses, in which they refer to the same word in the main sentence, but answer different questions.	I had to hire (why? why?) oxen to pull my cart up this damn mountain, because it was already autumn and ice .
Mixed (combined)	Different types of subordinate clauses are combined.	In the air, wherever you look, whole clouds of snowflakes are circling, so you can’t tell whether the snow is coming from the sky or from the ground.

Types of connections between parts of a complex sentence.

· Essay . This is a connection of a complex sentence. BSC is a complex sentence consisting of EQUAL in meaning simple sentences, connected by coordinating conjunctions.

· Subordinating . Connection of a complex sentence. SPP is a complex sentence in which one simple sentence (subordinate clause) is subordinated in meaning to another (main clause) and is connected with it subordinating conjunction or a conjunction word:

Analysis of the task.

Among sentences 1-16, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

Please note: there must be ONE offer!

(1)B modern society a whole ocean of problems. (2) They surround you everywhere, and no matter which path you take, new ones arise. (3) Let’s take the question of reading - in class, at home. (4) About how much they read, how they read, how they feel about the book. (5) This is also a very complicated matter. (6) Now, according to my observations, they read much less than 25-30 years ago. (7) I remember the yearswar, when as a boy I found myself in evacuation, in the rear, in special hospital conditions. (8) What a great value the book was for us! (9) They were ready to exchange it for any boyish joy - for stamps, for slingshots, for anything. (10) Moreover, not to exchange for personal use, but only to read. (11) This was already happiness. (12) The most popular boys among us were those, who knew how to retell a book that no one had ever seen. (13) Those who could tell “The Three Musketeers”, “The Headless Horseman” and ... “War and Peace”. (14) Yes, yes, “War and Peace,” this is a serious work, I heard it in the stories of an eleven-year-old boy (15) At the age of ten, I read Gogol’s “Dead Souls” and Schiller’s “Cunning and Love.” (16) I can’t say that I understood a lot, but I still imagine some scenes from Schiller.

Sample reasoning:

I remember: “trailers”! Each next one is from the previous one!

#1 is a simple sentence.

No. 2 – there are no two subordinate clauses.

No. 3 – simple.

No. 4 – not trailers.

No. 5 – simple.

No. 6 – with one subordinate clause.

No. 7 – with one subordinate clause.

No. 8 – simple.

No. 9 – simple.

No. 10 – with opposition.

No. 11 – simple.

No. 12 – 2 subordinate clauses! Let's check. The most popular boys among us were those (which ones?) who could retell a book (which one?) that no one had ever seen. Carriages!

No. 13 – SPP with one subordinate clause.

No. 14 – simple.

No. 15 – simple.

No. 16 – from different types communications.

Correct answer: sentence No. 12.

Phrase.

Using the site, you can easily learn to determine the type of subordinating connection.

Subordinating connection is a connection that unites sentences or words, one of which is the main one (subordinate), and the other is dependent (subordinate).

Collocation is a combination of two or more significant words related to each other in meaning and grammatically.

green eyes, writing letters, difficult to convey.

In a phrase, the main word (from which the question is asked) and the dependent (to which the question is asked) are distinguished:

Blue ball. Relax outside the city. Ball and rest are the key words.

Trap!

The following are not subordinating phrases:

1. Combination independent word with official: near the house, before a thunderstorm, let him sing;

2. Combinations of words as part of phraseological units: beatscrew around, play the fool, headlong;

3. Subject and predicate: night has come;

4. Compound word forms : lighter, will walk;

5. Groups of words united by a coordinating connection: Fathers and Sons.

Video about types of subordinating connections

If you like the video format, you can watch it.

There are three types of subordinating connections:

connection type	what part of speech can a dependent word be?	what question is asked to the dependent word
agreement (when the main word changes, the dependent word changes): seashore, reading youth, first snow, my home	adjective, participle, ordinal number, some categories of pronouns	Which? Questions may vary by case!
control (when the main word changes, the dependent word does not change):	noun or pronoun in oblique case with or without preposition	questions of indirect cases (who? what? - about whom? about what?) Remember! The prepositional case form of a noun can be an adverbial form, so adverbial questions are asked for these forms (see below)
adjacency (dependent word is an unchangeable part of speech!): listen carefully, walk without looking back, soft-boiled egg	1. infinitive 2. participle 3. adverb 4. possessive pronouns (his, her, theirs)	1. what to do? what to do? 2. doing what? what did you do? 3. how? Where? Where? where? When? For what? Why?

Distinguish!

Her coat is adjacency (whose), to see her is control (of whom).

In the categories of pronouns, there are two homonymous (identical in sound and spelling, but different in meaning) categories. The personal pronoun answers the questions of indirect cases, and it participates in the subordinating connection - control, and the possessive answers the question whose? and is immutable, it participates in contiguity.

Go to the garden - management, go there - adjoining.

Distinguish between the prepositional case form and the adverb. They may have the same questions! If there is a preposition between the main word and the dependent word, then you have control.

Algorithm of actions No. 1.

1) Determine the main word by asking a question from one word to another.

2) Determine the part of speech of the dependent word.

3) Pay attention to the question you ask about the dependent word.

4) Based on the identified signs, determine the type of connection.

Analysis of the task.

What type of connection is used in the phrase BUILD MECHANICALLY.

We define the main word and ask a question from it: catch (how?) mechanically; catch – the main word mechanically – dependent. Determine the part of speech of the dependent word: mechanically is an adverb. If the dependent word answers the question How? and is an adverb, then the connection is used in the phrase adjacency.

Algorithm of actions No. 2.

1. In the text it is easier for you to find the dependent word first.

2. If you need agreement, look for the word that answers the question Which? whose?

3. If you need control, look for a noun or pronoun that is not in the nominative case.

4. If you need to find an adjunct, look for an unchangeable word (infinitive, gerund, adverb or possessive pronoun).

5. Determine from which word you can ask a question to the dependent word.

Non-union and allied coordinating connections are one of the ways of constructing. Without them, speech is poor, because they provide more information and are capable of containing two or more sentences telling about different events.

Complex sentences and their types

Depending on the number of parts, complex structures are divided into two- and polynomial. In any of the options, the elements are connected either by a conjunction (which, in turn, is provided by the corresponding part of speech) or by a non-conjunction.

Depending on what types of relationships are present, complex formations create the following groups:

• Difficult sentence with non-union and union coordinating connections: The sky suddenly darkened, a distant rumble was heard, and a wall of rain covered the ground, driving down dust and washing away the city smog.
• Constructions that combine elements with a subordinating relationship, for example: The house we entered was depressing, but in this situation we had no choice.
• Complex sentences with subordinating and non-conjunctive types of connections: No matter how he hurried, his help was late: another car took the wounded.
• In polynomial constructions, subordinating, non-union and allied coordinating connections can be used simultaneously. The next time the phone rang, my mother answered it, but heard only the voice of a robot informing her that her loan was overdue.

It is important to be able to distinguish between complex sentences and complex structures, e.g. homogeneous predicates. As a rule, in the first case, the syntactic lexical unit contains several grammatical stems, while in the second there will be one subject and several predicates.

Non-union designs

In this type of lexical constructions, 2 simple sentences or more can be combined, which are connected by intonation and meaning. They can communicate with each other in the following ways:

• Sentences are linked by enumeration. The evening gradually faded, night fell on the earth, the moon began to rule the world.
• Constructions in which elements are divided into several parts, two of which are opposite fragments. The weather was as if to order: the sky cleared of clouds, the sun was shining brightly, a light breeze blew across the face, creating a slight coolness. In this non-union construction, the second fragment, consisting of 3 simple sentences connected by enumerative intonation, explains its first part.
• Binary connection of simple elements into a polynomial complex design, in which the parts are combined into semantic groups: The moon rose above the ridge, we did not immediately notice it: the haze hid its radiance.

A non-conjunctive, like a conjunctive coordinating connection, in a complete connection separates individual sentences from each other with punctuation marks.

Commas in non-union polynomial constructions

In complex compounds, their parts are separated by commas, semicolons, dashes and colons. Commas and semicolons are used in enumerative relations:

1. The parts are small in size and connected to each other in meaning. After the storm there was silence, followed by a light whisper of rain.
2. When parts are too common and not connected by a single meaning, a semicolon is used. Chamomiles and poppies covered the entire clearing; Grasshoppers were chirping somewhere below.

Non-union constructions are most often used to convey a large amount of information that is not always connected in meaning.

Dividing marks in non-union formations

These signs are used for the following types of relationships between elements of a syntactic structure:

• Dash - when the second part is sharply opposed to the first, for example: We knew about his fears - no one knew about his readiness to die.(In such a construction with a non-union, as well as a union, coordinating connection between parts, I would like to put the conjunction “but”).
• When the first part talks about a condition or time, then a dash is also placed between it and the second fragment. The rooster crowed - it's time to get up. In such sentences, the meaning of the conjunctions “if” or “when” is appropriate.
• The same sign is placed if the second part contains a conclusion about what was discussed in the first. There was no strength to object - he silently agreed. In such conjunction constructions, “therefore” is usually inserted.
• When the second part of the sentence is compared and determined by what is narrated in the first. He makes a speech - he breathes hope into people. In these constructions you can add “as if” or “as if”.
• In sentences with an explanatory connection and justification of the reason, a colon is used. I’ll tell you to the point: you can’t let your friends down.

Sentences with a non-union, as well as a union, coordinating connection between parts are separated by signs depending on their semantic relationship.

Complex constructions

In sentences of this type, a coordinating connection is used, carried out using coordinating conjunctions. In this case, between their parts there may be:

• Connective relationships interconnected by unions and, yes or, particles also, also and neither...nor. No birds chirp, no mosquito squeaks, no cicadas chirp.
• In separating relationships, conjunctions are used that and, or, particles either... or, not that... not that and others. Either the wind brings an incomprehensible sound, or it itself is approaching us.
• Sentences with both non-union and allied coordinating connections with comparative relations indicate the identity of events, but in the second case with the use of conjunctions namely And that is. Everyone was happy to see him, that is, that’s what he read on their faces.
• Explanatory relationships tend to use conjunctions yes, but, ah, particles but, and therefore and others. A blizzard was raging outside the window, but it was warm near the fireplace in the living room.

Often it is conjunctions and particles that explain what connects simple sentences into a single complex structure.

Complex sentences with mixed types of communication

Constructions where a non-union and a union coordinating connection are present at the same time occur quite often. They can contain separate blocks, each of which contains several simple sentences. Within blocks, some elements are connected to others in meaning and are separated by punctuation marks with or without conjunctions. In a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive coordinating connection, the line between them is separators, although individual blocks may not be connected in meaning.

If the dependent word answers the question how? and is an adverb, then the adjacency connection is used in the phrase. Subordinating connection, see subordination. Agreement is a subordinating relationship in which the dependent word agrees with the main word in the form of gender, number and case. A connection that serves to express the relationship between the elements of a phrase and a sentence.

Go to the garden - management, go there - adjoining. If there is a preposition between the main word and the dependent word, then you have control. When adjoining, the dependent word is an infinitive, adverb or gerund. In the complex interaction of two organisms, A. M. Peshkovsky proposed a criterion of reversibility to distinguish between coordinating and subordinating connections.

See what a “subordinate relationship” is in other dictionaries:

Examples: writing poetry, faith in victory, satisfied with the answer. This pair of words should not be written out, since the grammatical foundations in which the words are connected by a coordinating connection, that is, have equal rights, are NOT a phrase. The connection between two syntactically unequal words in a phrase and a sentence: one of them acts as the main word, the other as the dependent one. Subordination is a subordinate relationship, a formally expressed dependence of one syntactic element(words, sentences) from another.

PARATAXIS - linguistic. the coordinating connection of two or more clauses within one complex sentence; connection between parts of a sentence. All types of subordinating connections: control, coordination, reflection, adjunction express the dependent position of one word in relation to another. The subordinating relationship is most often expressed using various inflectional suffixes of number, case, and possessive suffixes.

Sometimes the gender, number and case of nouns associated with management are the same, so in such cases it is possible to confuse management with agreement, for example: the director of a college. If the dependent word does not change, then this is a phrase with management: from the director of the college - to the director of the college. Sometimes it is difficult to establish which word in a phrase is the main one and which is the dependent one, for example: slightly sad, I like to eat.

In phrases in the form of a verb + infinitive, the main word is always the verb, and the dependent word is the infinitive. Syntax is a section of grammar that studies the structure and meaning of phrases and sentences. Based on the number of grammatical stems, sentences are divided into simple (one grammatical basis) and complex (more than one grammatical stem).

You mean: Now I saw that the rain had stopped↓, ↓ that the cloud had moved on.↓ By the way, I listened to this option for myself - at first glance, it seems possible. 1. There cannot be a descending phrase in the middle of the SPP - otherwise the intonation of the enumeration, and with it the coordinating connection, will be preserved. They also write about this on the Internet. When the main word changes, the dependent word also changes.

In the categories of pronouns, there are two homonymous (identical in sound and spelling, but different in meaning) categories. Distinguish between the prepositional case form and the adverb. 1) Determine the main word by asking a question from one word to another. We determine the part of speech of the dependent word: mechanically is an adverb. 3. If you need control, look for a noun or pronoun that is not in the nominative case.

I was in third grade when I caught a bad cold. Mom called an ambulance and we went to the local hospital. Subordination is characterized by irreversible relationships between parts of the connection: one part cannot be put in place of another without damaging the overall content. Examples: a little boy, summer evening; our doctor, on Lake Baikal. Examples: female astronaut, excellent student. 4] (word order, lexicality and intonation).

The independent part in it is called the main part, and the dependent part is called the subordinate part. Suddenly, the insidious prisoner stunned me with the handle of a pistol, as you might guess (uncommon introductory sentence, where the highlighted words are subject and predicate), my own pistol."

Example 2. SPP: NOW AND I SAW THAT THE RAIN IS ENDED, THE CLOUD IS GOING FURTHER. There are three types of subordinating relationships between the main and dependent words in a phrase: agreement, control and adjacency. In a complex sentence, a subordinating relationship exists between the main and subordinate clauses. Students and the examiner are not collocations, because the connection between words is coordinating, not subordinating (that is, it is impossible to distinguish between the main and dependent words).