TBO left bank on the map. Will the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill turn into a football field? What to do with all these landfills?
The landfill in Khimki near Moscow, which was closed five years ago, will be reclaimed. The investor promises to dismantle the landfill and create a memorial complex in its place where the remains of the heroes will be reburied Patriotic War 1812
Photo: Danila Vasiliev / Lori Photobank
The administration of Khimki near Moscow and JSC Industrial Company Eco signed an agreement on the implementation of a large-scale investment project for the reclamation of the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill with the subsequent creation memorial complex. It will consist of a cemetery for 80 thousand graves, a chapel with funeral halls, a park, and a Walk of Fame with an Eternal Flame.
The agreement (available to RBC) was signed based on the results of a competition of investment projects, organized by the Ministry of Competition Policy of the Moscow Region. JSC Industrial Company Eco (hereinafter referred to as Eco) was the only participant in the competition.
According to SPARK, this company was registered in Vladimir in 2011 (the founders are Alexander Valov and Sergey Gerasimov), the authorized capital is 10 thousand rubles, there is no data on revenue and profit, it has a perpetual license from Rosprirodnadzor for waste disposal and disposal activities I —IV hazard classes. In 2016, the company was re-registered in Khimki specifically for this project, Eco director Maxim Biryukov told RBC.
Biryukov estimates the project implementation period to be three to four years, and the amount of required investment to be 5.5 billion rubles, including 2 billion for reclamation. One of the investors may be PJSC CB Vostochny; the bank’s letter of intent to take part in the implementation of the memorial complex project and arranging financing is attached to the package of documents submitted by Eco to the competition commission. A representative of Vostochny Design Bureau refused to answer questions from RBC about the expected volume of investments and the profitability of the project.
Executive Director of the Union of Funeral Organizations and Crematoriums (SPOK) Elena Andreeva considers it a misconception that the funeral business associated with the construction and operation of funeral facilities is very profitable.
Photo: JSC Industrial Company Eco
“At the first stage, an investor needs to invest a lot of money in infrastructure - paths, paths, landscaping. Then all this needs to be supported, that is, you also have to bear the costs,” Andreeva told RBC.
According to Biryukov, the territory for the cemetery will be transferred to municipal ownership - this is required by law; Eco and the administration of Khimki will create a management company to provide burial services. The investor also intends to make a profit from the sale of related goods and services, and from the rental of real estate built on the territory of the memorial complex. In addition, the agreement signed by the parties allows for the creation of a crematorium, on the income from the services of which Eco also relies.
“We want to make an iconic and status object, and the higher the status, the more expensive the services,” the director of Eco told RBC.
According to the authors of the project, all major regional patriotic events will take place on the territory of the memorial complex. In addition, it is proposed to bury and rebury the remains of Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War, found by search teams.
Biryukov believes that the future facility in Khimki will be given a serious status by the burials of the remains of participants in the Patriotic War of 1812, which are now located in the necropolis of the Donskoy Monastery. This issue is still in the development stage, but the director of Eco has no doubts about its success.
"The cemetery is an object cultural heritage and according to the law they have no right to move it,” a representative of the monastery, who asked for anonymity, told RBC. “The burial place and monuments remain immovable. In order to give status to a garbage dump, there is no need to destroy cultural monuments. We have signed a security obligation for the necropolis with the monument protection authorities, they did not contact us,” he said.
The Khimki administration fears that replacing the landfill with a cemetery with a crematorium may cause objections among the population, since the territory is located in close proximity to residential buildings. Complaints from residents of Khimki have already been received by the All-Russian popular front, ONF environmental expert Anton Khlynov told RBC. He sent a request to the Moscow Region Ministry of Ecology, from where the answer came: “The participation of relevant ministries in agreeing on the main terms of the investment agreement ensures that the documentation complies with the norms of current legislation, including moral and ethical requirements that must be taken into account when implementing the project.”
Andreeva from SPOK believes that from an environmental point of view, citizens have no reason to fear the construction of crematoria. “Modern cremation ovens are environmentally friendly,” she says.
The Levoberezhny solid waste landfill with a total area of about 37 hectares is located in the city of Khimki, 750 m northeast of the Levoberezhny residential district. It was formed in the mid-1970s on the site of a former clay quarry near the village of Novo-Kireevo, and since July 2012, after numerous protests from local residents, it has been closed to receiving waste.
As a representative of the Ministry of Ecology of the Moscow Region told RBC, 40 million tons of waste have accumulated at Levoberezhny. The landfill is not equipped with a leachate collection and degassing system; there are numerous complaints from the population about the pungent odor.
The interlocutor noted that there are no funds in the budget of the Moscow region to carry out work on the reclamation of the landfill and the Ministry of Ecology supports the investment project, especially since it is the only one in the Moscow region that involves the reclamation of solid waste landfills at the expense of the investor. In addition to reclamation, the purpose of the agreement is to resolve the issue of an acute shortage of burial places in Khimki and the Moscow region.
The city administration did not respond to RBC's request about how pressing the problem of lack of burial places is for Khimki. A representative of one of the Khimki ritual agencies confirmed to RBC that there was a problem. “In Khimki, all cemeteries are overcrowded and are actually closed for new burials; people are mostly buried in Lobnya,” the source said.
It is planned to dismantle the landfill, and process metal, rubber, polymers and other useful fractions at a waste processing plant, which is supposed to be located nearby, Biryukov told RBC. According to him, such a reclamation project has not yet been implemented in the region. The head of Eco also believes that the company’s revenue from the sale of recyclable materials could amount to several billion rubles.
At the same time, the general director of the Spetsgeology company, which carried out the project for the reclamation of the Kuchino landfill, Viktor Trushin, doubts that all the waste can be recycled. “Many fractions have decomposed during this time, they will have to be transported somewhere, and there is now a shortage of testing capacity in the region,” he told RBC.
The authorities of the Moscow region have promised to close 24 solid waste disposal sites this year. How will these hectares of land be used in the future? It is assumed that they will definitely not be empty. After reclamation, they will be converted into football fields. At least this idea has already been voiced. What could the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill turn into over time and how realistic is it to implement sports projects on it?
The residents of our district are lucky. They have another reason to be proud. True, not a pleasant one. And yet. According to experts, in all of Europe it is hardly possible to find a garbage dump of such a height - 72 meters above the ground. In the soil itself, waste is located at a depth of up to 14 meters. Over the 38 years that the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill has been in operation, according to some estimates, about 100 million tons of waste have accumulated in its body.
Reducing risks
The primary task today is to minimize the impact of the landfill on the environment. To do this, it will be necessary to carry out its reclamation, which will include a whole complex special events. One of them is degassing. The fact is that landfill gas (methane) accumulating inside the body of the landfill poses a certain threat. During reclamation it must be collected. And then it is either simply taken out, that is, into the atmosphere (which is far from environmentally friendly), or used to generate heat and electricity. This option seems to be the most reasonable. How the landfill will actually be disposed of from landfill gas will become known after the project for its reclamation is approved.
This project will be released in October. The competition for its creation was won by a Ryazan company that offered the smallest amount for the development of a document in which all measures for reclamation of the landfill will be displayed. This pleasure, by the way, is not cheap. If the initial reclamation project (from 2008) estimated the cost of this work at approximately 150 million rubles, now the costs will be many times higher.
Over the past few years of active operation, the landfill has doubled in size compared to what was indicated. In addition, due to non-compliance with burial technology, another threat arose - landslides. According to the head of the Housing and Communal Services Department of the District Administration, Leonid Berezin, the body of the landfill needs to be flattened. This means that the pile of garbage must be pulled apart in such a way as to reduce its height and thereby eliminate the danger. Project developers must calculate the possibilities available for this. The main question is: will the thirty hectares on which the landfill is located be enough to carry out this reclamation project?
We are waiting for the results
“Currently, the landfill is “resting,” says Leonid Berezin. A year ago, the famous garbage dump on the Left Bank was closed. Waste collected in the district began to be transported to other solid waste landfills. One of them is “Khmetyevo” in the Solnechnogorsk region. But this site is also expected to be taken into account in the near future.
However, there is no need to fear a garbage collapse. The main bet in the matter of waste disposal, as required by the Government of the Moscow Region, the district leadership has placed on the construction of a waste processing complex. In project Master plan development of the district until 2035, this point is indicated.
But as for the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill, it is possible that after reclamation it will benefit the residents of the district. Of course, it will not be possible to organize a ski slope. Where will skiers go down if everything around is built up and the Moscow-St. Petersburg high-speed highway passes nearby? Although, to be honest, it's a pity. A beautiful mountain has grown!
What will be placed on it? “We can fantasize about this as much as we want, but a concrete decision will be made only after we receive data on the results of the study. It is now being carried out by specialists developing a reclamation project. They study the movement of soil, its composition,” comments Tatyana Kuzmina, General Director of OJSC Polygon Solid Waste.
Perhaps it will be possible to make some sports dream come true at the training ground. Time and research results will tell.
Yulia Borodina
This material published on the BezFormata website on January 11, 2019,Below is the date when the material was published on the original source website!
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A column of garbage trucks lined up along Likhachevskoye Highway in front of the gates of the solid waste landfill.
The government of the Moscow region emphasizes the importance of measures to solve problems associated with the disposal of household waste. This issue is now particularly acute due to the ongoing protests in municipalities near Moscow, on the territory of which large landfills are located (Volokolamsk, Kolomna, etc.). Officials talk a lot about separate waste collection (SSR) as a sure way to cope with the garbage crisis in the Moscow region. In Khimki, containers for RSO recently appeared in the courtyards of the MP “DEZ ZHKU”, but this good initiative in our city was turned into another window dressing.
Garbage from RSO containers, gray and blue, is dumped together into a garbage truck. In the car, the waste sorted by residents is mixed again.
The actions of the Moscow region authorities, looking for ways out of the garbage crisis, seem absurd and completely devoid of logic. Official sources report processing plants allegedly operating in the region, for example, in Balashikha. But, according to activists of the protest movement, in reality we can only talk about waste incinerators, which cause serious damage to the environment. It is obvious that creating a new infrastructure for processing and disposal of waste from scratch for such short term impossible. The Moscow region authorities again used good old PR instead of real work.
The garbage crisis is not only a problem for Governor Vorobyov. The threat of a fatal communal collapse looms over Moscow, which is the main supplier of waste to landfills near Moscow. To say that the crisis arose unexpectedly would be completely wrong. Its reason is that a vicious system has been developing in the capital region for decades, in which the Moscow region was assigned the role of a big garbage dump. For the time being, this suited everyone. Until it smells like an environmental disaster on a regional scale and the end of a career for officials who have been pretending for years that the problem of waste disposal does not exist.
Trucks loaded with household waste are again entering the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill. For this purpose, it is not the central entrance to the landfill from the Likhachevskoe Highway, but the rear entrance, hidden from prying eyes, that is used. The garbage trucks return empty. At the landfill, the work of which is supervised by the Property Management Committee of the Khimki Administration, reclamation work is officially underway: only soil is allowed to be brought there. In July 2012 As part of the governor's program "Our Moscow Region", after numerous protests from local residents, the landfill was officially closed for garbage collection. However, what we saw during our last visit to the landfill testifies to the fact that individual Khimki officials and the garbage mafia have their own point of view on the management of economic activity, and it clearly does not coincide with Governor Vorobyov’s plans to reduce the number of garbage dumps operating in the Moscow region.
Since summer 2012 Above the main entrance to the landfill territory there are such beautiful banners indicating that the facility has ceased its work.
But what happens at the entrance to the landfill from the back side. The photos were taken by us at the end of last week. 
And now let us remind our readers of the dramatic history of the Levoberezhny solid waste landfill, full of bloody and heroic moments
Driving along the Moscow Ring Road in the Left Bank region of Khimki, many of you see a huge mountain of garbage every day - the Leoberezhny solid waste landfill. This is an illegally operating landfill that makes the lives of thousands of local residents hell. Back in the 70s-80s, this Khimki district could be proud of its ecology and was one of the most beautiful natural areas of the near Moscow region. It was with the emergence of this landfill and its subsequent thoughtless exploitation that many problems and disasters began in the region, which today stands on the verge of an environmental catastrophe.
Solid waste landfill on Yandex maps.
The landfill was growing at a rapid pace. Established in 1983 on the site of the quarry, within a few years it was level with the ground, and even then conversations began about its closure. However, the closure did not happen, and in the 90s the mountain of garbage was already the size of a multi-story building. At the same time, if previously the landfill stood in a vacant lot, far from residential buildings, over time, residential areas approached it and it began to cause a lot of inconvenience to residents. Especially those whose windows faced her. As soon as the wind rose, a strong stench flew into the apartments. Residents complained about unsanitary conditions, and the number of respiratory diseases and cancer increased. Television came more than once to film reports on the plight of the population.
The situation became intolerable by the mid-2000s, when the landfill began to be periodically set on fire in order to compact layers of garbage and increase its resource. It was then that the first complaints from local residents went to the City Administration. However, the landfill continued to operate no matter what. The storage of waste was carried out with gross violations. By 2009, the height of the landfill exceeded the critical threshold of 50m, and the garbage continued to remain and remain, contrary to all sanitary standards.
In 2010, the landfill's license finally expired. However, they again tried to extend its service life. From this moment on, mass pickets and rallies began for the closure of the landfill. October 26, 2010 The Khimki City Court decided to suspend its work due to gross violations of the law that resulted in serious damage environment. However, the landfill did not stop its work for a day. As local residents said, on the first day after the verdict, garbage was brought in at night, and after that - in the open. Numerous complaints from residents to the Khimki administration did not help. The public was stirred up only by rallies near the walls of the Khimki Administration, as well as pickets by residents near the landfill, which Khimki activist Konstantin Fetisov was not afraid to lead. Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs then drove residents away from the landfill, complaining that “everything here is legal.” Although the residents came with copies of the court decision in their hands...
Then, during the picket, Konstantin Fetisov, the leader of the local branch of the Right Cause party, was detained. A day later he was severely beaten near his own home, was in a coma for a long time and miraculously survived. The case of beating Fetisov became one of the most resonant attempts on life public figures in Khimki, along with the beatings of journalists M. Beketov and A. Yurov. Andrei Chernyshev, an official reporting directly to the deputy, was convicted of the attempt on Fetisov’s life. Mayor of Khimki Alexey Valov. Be that as it may, the picketing of the landfill continued. Activists and local residents blocked the entrance to the Khimki landfill, which was operating in defiance of a court order. But this only helped for a short time. The landfill did not stop its work for a day; caravans with garbage came one after another. In December 2011 The head of Khimki, V. Strelchenko, signed an order to close the landfill from June 1, 2012. But the decision remained unfulfilled. In the same month of June, residents again began to complain about the resumption of work at the landfill. Federal officials intervened in the matter (the Ministry of Natural Resources is concerned about reports about the resumption of work at the solid waste landfill in Khimki). And then, finally, with sweat and blood (in the literal sense of the word), with the support of the media, the landfill was closed. The decision was made by the new governor of the Moscow region, A.Yu. Vorobyov, and the story about the closure was shown on Channel One. But even this supreme decision was not enough for the landfill owners. That same year, the landfill continued to operate. An original solution was invented - to transport garbage from the back side of the mountain, hidden from prying eyes. By that time, the height of the mountain was already 80 meters, which is more than half more than the upper threshold.
The rudeness of the landfill owners is easily explained. The garbage business is a very profitable business. The regulatory authorities are few in number and the existing fines are minor. The conditions for making money are ideal. Therefore, in the Moscow region great amount illegal dumps. For 1,300 illegal ones in the region, there are only 39 legal landfills. Moreover, only 15 of them can continue to operate, since the resource of the rest has simply been exhausted (including Levoberezhny), and they are not going to renew their license in the region. 15 landfills are not capable of absorbing 10 million tons of waste from Moscow and the region per year. For reference, the Moscow region annually accounts for 20% of all waste in the country. There was even talk of distributing garbage from the Moscow region to other regions of the country. But while these plans remain just talk, waste streams continue to flow to existing landfills, bringing fabulous profits to the owners of officially closed but actually operating landfills. People take it seriously, apparently, since the governor’s orders are not their decree.
According to our data, garbage continues to be transported to the landfill to this day!
We ask that local and regional officials pay the closest attention to these facts.
The Levoberezhny training ground has been officially closed for some time now
almost four years, but local residents are convinced that garbage trucks continue to come here at night and in the morning hours to unload their unpleasant contents.
The fresh track from trucks is clearly visible here.
It starts from the exit from the highway here to the training ground and
ends directly next to the gate, which is on this moment closed.
Having seen the delegation of inspectors, the local landfill guard was not happy to meet with journalists and denied the facts of garbage importation.
It is unclear whether reclamation of this landfill will be carried out. Local residents say that cars continue to arrive with garbage anyway.
The landfill administration denies these facts.
...We were going to live in the local “Courchevel”
When buying an apartment in an expensive new building in Khimki directly opposite the Levoberezhny landfill, the shareholders were sure that there would be a wonderful view from the window.
Let's see what layers we live in: here, for example, is the view from the window.
When people bought an apartment, on one side there was the Moscow Canal, and on the other side they were promised a ski resort.
It was the ski resort that the local authorities were supposed to reclaim the Khimki landfill "Levoberezhnaya" into.
But something went wrong, and instead of Courchevel near Moscow from the windows
In their apartments, local residents watch the garbage pile grow.
On the same territory where the landfill is located, there is also a solid waste processing plant, and one would think that dozens of trucks are transporting waste there at night, if not for one nuance - local residents have seen garbage being brought to the waste processing plant many times, but we never saw anything being taken away from there.
Every summer, a closed landfill, which should have been covered with soil, regularly smokes, poisoning the air for tens of kilometers around.
Opening windows in summer is an unaffordable luxury for the people living here.
The landfill burns methane, which is released when waste rots. Residents of the surrounding houses often see smoke, which they periodically try to cover up, but during the summer season this happens as
at least several times.
The so-called “primer” produced is not completely done.
Because of this, spontaneous fires occur in the landfill. Reclamation was not carried out at the landfill, so instead of the ski resort, the administration of Khimki local residents proposes to be adjacent to a crematorium and a memorial complex, which, if the protests of the latter are not heard, will be built next to the landfill in the next few years.
There is not enough solid waste landfill - let's add a crematorium!
An interesting survey was posted on the official website of the Khimki city district administration. It's called - "Citizen Survey. Memorial Complex"- is it necessary to install on
territory of the urban district of Khimki memorial
a complex on which the names of the missing Khimki residents, called up to the front in the Khimki region, will be immortalized by name.
Classic answers available "Yes" And "No", but something else is interesting here - in this survey there is not a word about the fact that there will also be a crematorium on the site of the memorial complex.
Residents are of course against such an initiative by the authorities. Such residents in all regions of the country are actively supported by environmental experts.
What to do with all these landfills?
In the near future it is planned to create interactive map landfills, where anyone can report an illegal landfill or a spontaneous dump, after which activists will provide
your help in solving this problem.
In total, there are more than one and a half thousand testing grounds in the country,
and about 7,000 illegal dumps.
Reclaiming them all is an incredible task, because in the case of official landfills there is someone to ask, but if we're talking about about a spontaneous garbage dump - in the absence of a responsible person, it is often impossible to even begin paperwork. The regulatory body in the area of solid waste management is Rosprirodnadzor, which is responsible for recording violations and regulating the activities of landfills. However, now departments are limited in their capabilities.
Rosprirodnadzor can inspect organizations once every three years, and before the inspection the body must notify entity about a scheduled inspection.
During an unscheduled inspection, if, for example, an appeal has been received from citizens or residents, Rosprirodnadzor must coordinate this inspection with the prosecutor's office of the constituent entities and notify the inspected organization three days in advance. The effect of such a check is usually small.
In fact, the main problem not how to control landfills, but that the mere burial of such quantities of waste in the soil entails an environmental disaster.
The process of decomposition of organic matter will take about a hundred years, while plastic will decompose for at least half a millennium. Imagine: a soda bottle left on and will only naturally decompose in 2517.
Experts and the government see a way out of this difficult situation in new approaches to waste disposal, which are already actively used in Western countries.
Waste is a goldmine; it is a colossal resource base that can be used in a variety of ways.
But in order to obtain this resource, waste must be sorted. Therefore, the first thing that needs to be done is to establish a waste sorting system.
The most widely used sorting system in the world is separate collection.
Sorting at waste recycling plants is also possible.
Of course, building such a waste management system will take more than a dozen years, but in order to bring this environmentally friendly future closer by throwing out a bucket of candy wrappers, don’t be lazy to sort your household waste.