FAS Kursk Arc. Defensive battles on southern faca
(eng. FAS, Free Alongside Sheep - Free along the ship) FAS
one of the basic conditions determining the procedure for the supply and payment of goods in international Trade. According to this condition, the seller is obliged to deliver the goods to the board of the vessel, and the recipient carries the cost of loading goods to the vessel.
Dictionary of Financial Terms
FAS.
commercial conditions defining the procedure for the supply and payment of goods in international trade. The term is formed from initial letters english words "FREE ALONG SHIP" (free along the vessel). Buying and selling goods on FAS terms means the responsibility of the Seller at the expense of its forces and means to deliver the goods to the board of the vessel. The buyer is obliged to charter the ship in a timely manner, he carries all the costs of loading goods on board. The risk of random death or damage passes from the seller to the buyer at the time of the actual delivery of goods along the boards of the vessel. When delivering the goods on the FAS terms, the price of the product is included directly price the product, as well as transport and other expenses.
Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian, Dal Vladimir
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov
fAS.
faca, m. (Fr. Face - face).
Facial side of what. (Book.). FAS of our housing ... went to the Neva. Leskov.
Straight section of a fortress fence or field fortification with a certain direction of fire (military.).
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. IGOV, N.Yu.Shvedova.
fAS.
A, m. (Spec.) Front view, from Linden, Fear. Take a picture in F.V. Profile. Turn the faces.
arr. faithful ,y ,y.
A new intelligent-word-formational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.
Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998
fAS.
FAS (FRANZ. FACE - face) in fortification is a straight line of trenches, a passing of messages, unspoken anti-tank and anti-personnel barriers.
fAS.
FAS (English FAS, Socre. From Free Alongside Ship - freely along the boards of the vessel) Type of a foreign trade agreement associated with the delivery of goods by water, when the cost of delivering it to the vessel is included in the price of goods.
Big Law Dictionary
fAS.
an international trade term, one of the Franco-Terms of delivery in commercial operations (remained unchanged in the publication "Incoterms" 1990). Literally means "freely along the boards of the ship". According to this condition, the seller is considered to have fulfilled its duties when the goods are placed along the boards of the vessel on the pier or on lighter. From this point on, all the costs and risks of death or damage to the goods must bear the buyer. As under the condition of the Franco Plant, the buyer carries out the cleaning of goods from export duties and customs formalities - in contrast to the Condition of FOB, where this operation is assigned to the seller. The FAS condition applies only to shipping by marine or river transport.
FAS (face)
FAS. - Side of anything facing the viewer (see Fear). In a military business: FAS - the fortification side facing the enemy.
The facas are also called straight areas of wire obstacles, trenches and anti-tank pvs.
FAS (values)
- FAS. - front side.
- FAS. - Command with dog training.
FAS.
FAS (football club)
FAS - Salvador football club from Santa Ana. Speakers in the premiere of Salvador, the strongest division of El Salvador. The club was founded on February 16, 1947, homemade matches spend on the arena "Estadio Oscar Kuiteno", which accommodates 15,000 spectators. " FAS."The most titled club of El Salvador, and one of the most titled clubs in Concacaph.
Examples of the use of the word FAS in the literature.
Having so large forces in front of the southern fAS. Barvenkovskoye bridgehead, the German fascist command intended them for applying two blows - on Barvenkovo \u200b\u200band in the direction of the long, where the supporting office of the 9th Army is located.
The most important thing - Bayazet was taken, the Russian flag was waving over facami. Ancient fortress.
The height and width of the nose, the length of the nose backrest, the depth of the nose, the nose speech, the contour of the back in the profile, width and form of the back in fAS., Nose base position in profile, position and shape of the tip of the nose and the shape of the wings of the nose.
Let's try to deploy a mysterious phenomenon - Domestication, but not in fAS., and in the profile.
Going to the right home house fAS. On the street, Turkevich winks to his companions cheerfully, threw the Kartus upwards and announced loudly that he lives here not the boss, but his native, Turkevich, father and benefactor.
Cygaranty to the edge, upstairs, Osnari faca And send two crags to kom kill.
From high faca It was seen like rediffs trained by British instructors, riff testers: The ground took off with their shovel high above the bars, and the fitting fire threatened to become particularly dense and dangerous.
First of all, it is the root side of the large canvas shown on the left, rather, not even a turnover, and the front side, since it shows fAS. What is hidden by the position of this canvase.
It was South fAS. Kursk protrusion, where the defense was headed by the Field Office of the Voronezh Front.
Meanwhile, within 12 and 13 November, the front commander in accordance with the notes put the troops on the defense of the southern faca Bridgehead at the front Zhytomyr, Fastov, Tripolie.
She occupied part of the Western faca Kursk protrusion - to a junction with the troops of the central front.
By this time, we moved our headquarters on the northern outskirts of the Obovoi, in the depths of the southern faca arcs.
On the same day, he went to Peterhof in the evening, to the other day the same to accurately congratulate the three faca Midmiarines with production in Michmans.
This is confirmed by the fact that in southern fACE Kursk arc opponent on the first day struck the forces of five buildings, and in the northern - three.
Suddenly, the girl turned her head to the window, and Sergey at the same time saw her profile and fAS. Already from the depths of the dark running wagon glass, and her face now looked at Sergey from there carefully and sad.
These days - 75 years ago - the offensive continued on the Northern Facs of the Kursk Arc. Stony had already come to themselves, life returned to the village, which was called "Kursk Stalingrad". But still the Kursk battle is associated with the battle under Prokhorovka ...
"And from the point of view of history, and from their personal point of view: it is incorrectly - to downgrade the North FAS, the smume of its role"!
Teacher of the history of Leonid Smooth, all 60 years of work in their native reels said: the battles in the Northern FaAs are not given due. The situation has not changed so far. Kursk battle associated with Prokhorovka, and after 75 years, all federal media recall tank Boy In the South FaAs, all social networks are filled with overgrowns. Meanwhile, the fate of the Kursk arc - a depth of 150 kilometers and a width of up to 200-tons - was decided not for one fight: this battle had other scales of forces and means. Scientists indicate that, veterans participating in the battle said.
Leonid Smooth, Veteran Labor, resident of the village Ponyry: "Neither spared themselves, nor each other, nor comrade - Comrade. One was delivered the only goal: How much can cause damage, damage and damage to the enemy ... "
Margarita Vasilenko, journalist: "I led 20 years of children's television in Zheleznogorsk. And when I shot films about the rersonents, about veterans, they know what they were asked? Remember late! What is just talking about Prokhorovka? No I can not..."
Ponyary village - "Stalingrad Kursk Arc": Fights went for every house, the station passed from hand to hand. The Germans failed to break through to the Kursk in three days - the station building was a mute witness of the "War of Exhaustion". Vasily Pankratov remembers it in the summer of the 43rd.
Vasily Pankratov, Veteran Labor, resident of the village Ponyry:"Walls! Forest! Sharpened! Bombs fell. That is, from the inside and outside the station was damaged. Outside - shelling holes, and from the inside - as a split atomic explosion ... as cutting. Even the walls were tilted to the side, outward, understand? not inside, but out !!! That struck me. "
The fifth - dash - the twelfth of July, when the Red Army passed into the offensive in the Northern Face and the active actions of the Nazis on the South were already meaningless, - this week rearranged the course of the war. It was so hard - remember veterans - that at times I wanted death. Each of these days on the Northern Face Onsyan legends. Everyone entered into a big story - and as an example of brilliant intuition and solutions of strategists, and as an example of personal courage and heroism of soldiers and junior officers. The monuments appeared in the history of the Second World War, the first in the history of the Second World War appeared here, in the Northern Facre: Artilleryrs and Sapera. They were opened - and half a year did not pass - from those fights. Battery gun Igishev, real, installed as a monument. Rare photography From discovery: late autumn 43rd. Nearby - still unfastened fascist technique. It is not known for certain: they went or not in hand-to-hand brave anti-tankists when shells ended. The remaining batteries by that time were already injured and unconscious. In the 1980s, Pushchik member arrived in Ponyary.
Zoya Babich, an employee of the Kursk Battle Museum in P. Ponyry (in the 1970s - 2000s): "There, at the monument to artilleryrs, he was completely in-house held around the gun, looked around her from all sides ... Such a grandfather of little growth ... Very simple ... His awards ... I looked and says:" Crazy therapy And Lahvet that Mesh ... "why did the wheel replace? - It was chosen during the battle, there were drawers from under the shells, he told. The sight is smashed - difficult to aim ... "
But the fact that the soldiers and officers were ready to die, just to lure the enemy in a fire bag, is for sure. They died, like the 15th of thousands of Krasnoarmeys, who managed to withstand German tank attacks in a clean field - avalanche for avalanche.
Svetlana Gerasimova, Kesta Kursk
Kursk battle has become a turning point in World War II. Soviet troops defeated the Hitler's army and switched to the offensive. The fascists planned to strike a kursk from Kharkov and Eagle, defeat soviet troops And rushing south. But, fortunately for all of us, the plans were not destined to come true. From July 5 to July 12, 1943, the struggle for each block of Soviet land continued. After the victory under the Kursk troops, the USSR switched to the offensive, and so continued until the end of the war.
In gratitude to Soviet soldiers for the victory of the seventh of May 2015, a monument "Teplovskaya heights" was opened in the Kursk district.
Description
The monument is made in the form of a monument represents a three-level viewing platform. The top level is located on the height of bird flight (17 meters). It overlooks the ages of hostilities. Thermal heights were for the fascists the key from Kursk, but it was not possible to get this key to the Nazis.
The USSR flag flies over the monument, and the dates of each day of the Kursk battle are located on the railings of the observation deck. The soldiers and officers stood to death, but did not let the enemy in the city.
The monument "Teplovskaya heights" is installed on the northern faces of the arc. Until recently, this area was not immortalized, although he had great importance In determining the outcome of the war.
Holiday opening monument
At the opening ceremony, representatives of United Russia, Governor of the Kursk Region Alexander Mikhailov, Senator of the Federation Council Valery Ryazansky, Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of Russia Alexander Belflov, Head of the Ponyrovsky district Vladimir Torubarov, War Veterans, Members public organizations, non-indifferent citizens.
Speaking to the audience, A. Belflov noted that the construction of the monument "Thermal heights" is a tribute to the memory of the Fatherland defenders who fell on the battlefield. Also, the police stressed the importance of northern faces during hostilities and praised officials Region for decent preparation for the Victory Day.
After the speech of the plenipotentiary representative, veterans rose to the observation platform. A resident of the village of Olkhovatka Ponyrsky district I. G. Bogdanov thanked the leadership of the area for the preservation of historical memory and wished that young people follow the traditions of the ancestors. "Thermal heights" - a memorial who was created taking into account the wishes of the defenders of the Fatherland.
The spectacular part of the event included a parachute jumping and a festive concert. The best athletes of Russia and the Kursk region dressed in military form Soldier of the Great Patriotic War. Parachutists from landed on the North Fast at the same time, when veterans rose to the observation platform. Warriors heard words of gratitude for peace.
"Teplovskaya Heights": Memorial
The monument erected in the Northern Face is part of the same together with the monument "For our Soviet Motherland", the eternal fire, a fraternal grave, in which 2 thousand soldiers, colonnade, nominal plates of heroes Soviet Union - The winners of the battle on the Kursk arc. Also on the plates are carved the names of military units who participated in hostilities. This is the "Teplovsky heights" memorial.
Ponya
The district center of Ponyry is known for the fact that the fate of the peoples of the Soviet Union was solved here, and maybe all of humanity. According to the German plan "Citadel", the enemies were going to close the Kursk arc to gain access to Moscow. Thanks to the intelligence, it became known that the fascists chose the point of the offensive precisely. The battle began here during which german tanks Live Soviet people stopped ... In memory of the exploits, the Museum is open in the rejection.
The village is famous and memorial in honor of the defenders of the Motherland. Near the monument burns an important strategic importance and also the railway station on which reinforcement arrived and tanks were delivered. Also in reindayments, monuments of the Warrior liberator, heroes-sapellars, military warriors and heroes of artillery are erected.
Thermal heights (Kursk region) are the place of historical memory of the people about the war.
The Angel
In the Fatest in the village of Hamolt, on May 7, the sculpture of the "Angel of the World" was opened. On a 27-meter pedestal, an 8-meter angel towers. The total length of the monument is 35 meters. Caurizer holds a wreath in his hands with a dove of the world.
The composition is equipped with backlight, so at dusk, an illusion of an angel was created above the earth. The "Angel of the World" perpetuates the feat of Soviet soldiers who gave their lives for the victory.
In honor of the seventieth anniversary of the victory in the Fatar Earth, a memory alley was laid and a geoglyph of pine seedlings was created. The tree has become a material and to create giant stars with Kursk Antonovka in the center. The compositions are visible from the height of a bird'scape and on cosmic pictures.
The results of the battle under Kurk allowed to debunk the myth about the superiority of the Aryan race. The fascists were abused psychologically, and therefore could not continue the offensive further. And invincible once again proved to the world that the genuine force is not in aggression, but in love. To homeland, relatives and friends.
4 July 1943, at 16 o'clock after aviation and artillery strikes, German troops before the infantry division, with the support of up to 100 tanks, conducted exploration from the Tomarading area to the north. The fight between the combat guard of the Voronezh Front and the intelligence units of the Army Group "South" lasted to a deep night. Under the cover of the battle, German troops occupied the initial position for the offensive. According to the testimony of the German prisoners captured in this battle, as well as the faders, giving up on July 3-4, it became known that the general offensive of the German troops on this section of the front was scheduled for 2 hours 30 minutes on July 5.
To facilitate the position of combat care and losses to the German troops at the initial positions at 22, 30 minutes and 30 minutes on July 4, the artillery of the Voronezh Front held a 5-minute artillery at the identified positions of German artillery. At 3 am on July 5, counterpropitation was carried out in full.
Defensive battles southern Face Kursk arc differed in great fierce and big losses from our side. There were several reasons for this. First, the nature of the area more conducive to the use of tanks than in the Northern Facre. Secondly, who was observed for the preparation of defense, the representative of the bet A. Vasilevsky banned the commander of the Voronezh Front N. Vatutin to unite anti-tank reference points to the districts and give them to infantry regiments, considering that the decision would make it difficult to manage. And, thirdly, the domination in the air of German aviation lasted here almost two days longer than on the central front.
The main blow of German troops applied in the defense strip of the 6th Guards Army, along the Belgorod highway, Oboyan, at the same time in two sites. At first plot, up to 400 tanks and SAU focused, and on the second - up to 300.
The first attack at the 6th HB position. The army in the direction of Cherkasy began at 6 o'clock on July 5 from a powerful plaque of picking bombers. Under the cover of the plaque, a motorcycle regiment was sent to the attack with the support of 70 tanks. However, he was stopped on mine floors, being additionally fired by heavy artillery. After a half hours, the attack was repeated. Now the efforts of the upcoming were doubted. In the forefront, German sappers were walking, trying to make passes in minefields. But the fire of infantry and artillery of the 67th rifle division and this attack was reflected. Under the influence of heavy artillery fire, German tanks were forced to break the system before joining fireproof with our troops, and the "cheeky mining" conducted by Soviet savors greatly hampered the maneuver of combat vehicles. A total of 25 medium tanks and assault implements are lost from the mines and fire of heavy artillery.
German tanks with the support of assault implements attack Soviet defense. July 1943 in the air visible a silhouette of a bombarder.
To enlarge - click on the image
The fighter of Tanks "Mapander III" follows the reversed middle tank MZ "Lee".
The column of one of the motorized parts of the German troops follows to the front. Oboyanskoye for example, July 1943
He sowing to take Cherkasy frontal blow, the German troops struck in the direction of Butovo. At the same time, Cherkasy and Butovo collapsed their strike several hundred German aircraft. By noon, on July 5, in this section, the Germans managed to wed up in the defense strip of the 6th GW. Army. To restore breakthrough, the commander of 6 gv. The army I. Chistyakov introduced the wise anti-tank reserve - the 496th ITTAP and the 27th IPTABR. At the same time, the front command was ordered 6th. Entering the Berezovka area to eliminate the outlined dangerous breakthrough of German tanks to eliminate the flank attack.
Despite the emerging breakthrough of German tanks, the artilleryrs by the end of the day on July 5 managed to restore the shaky equilibrium, however, the price of large losses of personnel (up to 70%). The reason for this was in the fact that the infantry units on a number of defense sites were randomly departed, leaving artillery on a straight press without cover. During the day of continuous battles in the Cherkasy-Korovino district, the enemy lost from the fire of 13 tanks from the fire, including 3 severe type "Tiger". Our losses in a number of divisions have numbered up to 50% of the personnel and up to 30% of the material part.
On the night of July 6, it was decided to strengthen the defensive borders of the 6th GW. Army by two tank corps of the 1st Tank Army. By morning, on July 6, the 1st tank army by the 3rd mechanized and 6th tank buildings took defense at a turning line intended to her, covering the Obanoi direction. In addition, the 6th GW. The army was enhanced in addition to the 2nd and 5th GW. TC, which came to cover the flanks.
The main direction of the German troops the next day was Oboyanskoye. On the morning of July 6 from the district of Cherkasy large column of tanks moved along the road. Hidden the tools located on the flank of the 1837th ITTAP opened a sudden fire with a short distance. At the same time, 12 tanks were beaten, among which one "Panther" remained on the battlefield. It is interesting to note that in these battles, Soviet artilleryrs used the tactics of the so-called "fluffing guns", isolated as bait for the tiping of enemy tanks. The "fluffing guns" opened fire on columns with a large distance, forcing the upcoming tanks to deploy on mine fields and to substitute their boards stood in ambush.
As a result of the fighting on July 6, the Germans managed to seize Alekseyevka, Lukhanino, Olkhovka and trirachnoye and go to the second defense border. However, on the Highway Belgorod - Oboyan their promotion was stopped.
Attacks of German tanks in the direction of Bol. Beacons also ended with nothing. Having met here a dense fire of Soviet artillery, German tanks turned to the northeast, where after a long battle with the parts of the 5th Guards. They managed to capture the loaf. A large role in the refreshment of a German strike was played by an extended from the reserve of the front and twombrava 14th Iptabr, which was confirmed by the confirmation of the trophy team (data).
The artillery of the SS division support the attack of their infantry. Prokhorov for example
Soviet tanks T-70 columns "Revolutionary Mongolia" (112 TBR) are put forward for attack.
PZKPFW IV AUSF H Division Tanks "Grossdoychland" (Great Germany) are fighting.
Raders of the headquarters of Feldmarshal Manstein at work. July 1943
German tanks "Panther" of the 10th Tank Brigade, PZKPFW IV AUSF G division "Grossdoychland" and storm implements Stug 40 in the Oboyan direction. July 9-10, 1943
On July 7, the enemy introduced to 350 tanks into battle and continued the attacks on the Oboyan direction from the Vol. Beacons, Red Dubrava. All parts of the 1st Tank Army and the 6th GW took into battle. Army. To the end of the day, the Germans managed to advance in the Bol area. Lights for 10-12 km. Applying large losses of the 1st Tank Army. The next day, on this plot, the Germans were introduced into the battle of Lo 400 tanks and SAU. However, on the eve at night, the command of the 6th GW. The army transferred to the threatened direction of the 27th Iptabr, whose task was to cover the Belgorod-Oboyan highway. By morning, when the enemy broke through the defense of infantry and tank units 6th gv. The army and the 1st tank army came out, seemed to openly, two "flirting" guns of the shelf from a distance of 1500-2000 m. The column was rebuilt, putting forward heavy tanks. Above 40 German bombers appeared above the battlefield, after half an hour, the fire of "fluffing guns" was depressed, and when the tanks began to rebuild for further movement, the regiment opened fire from three directions from the maximum distance. Since most instruments of the regiment were on the flank of the columns, their fire was distinguished by great efficiency. Within 8 minutes, 29 enemy tanks and 7 SAU were beaten on the battlefield. The blow was so unexpected that the remaining tanks, without taking the battle, quickly went towards the forest. From among the baked tanks, the repairmen of the 6th Tank Corps of the 1st Tank Army were able to repair and put into operation 9 combat vehicles.
On July 9, the enemy continued the attacks in the Oboyan direction. Attacks of tanks and motorcycles were supported by aviation. Impact groups managed to move here to 6 km away, but then they came across a well-equipped position anti-aircraft artilleryadapted for PTOs and buried tanks in the ground.
In the following days, the enemy ceased to turn our defense directly and began to look for weak sections in it. In such a direction, according to the German command, there was Prokhorovsky, from where it was possible to exit the coupie by bypassing. For this purpose, in the area of \u200b\u200bProkhorovka, the Germans focused a grouping, which entered the 3rd., Speaking up to 300 tanks and sau.
What is war? There are many definitions, but those who have not seen it is difficult to understand it. Especially young people. Remember the movie "We are from the Future!" Adult guys cynically argued about the Great Patriotic War And the bloody fee for finding military times is eager. As a result, "black diggers" collided with mysticism and incredibly turned out to be in the past, where Military Hell were born. In fact, it does not happen, but you can feel military reality each of us. For example, dig a hole with a depth of one and a half or two meters and try at night in the rain or in the frost just stand there. Add fantasy: The whistle from the shells, the earth crept around, the tanks are moving directly on you. There is no way to hide too. And for whom to hide, if everyone is the same as you ...
About this and not only we learned by going on the roads of front-line correspondents in the places of battle of the Kursk battle. And our first stop is the village of Ponyry. More precisely, the memorial "Heroes of the Northern Fasu Kursk Arc" in his center, erected in 2013. The chief editor of the local newspaper "Victory Banner" V. A. Danilova met us at the end of the rally dedicated to the Day of Memory and Grief. According to her words and stories of eyewitnesses, in this place in the summer of 43rd a huge trench, in which, according to various sources, were buried from 800 to 2000 Soviet soldiers and officers. In a new time, memorable signs of Kursk Army, Ossetians, Armenians, who set their countrymen, were added to the memoranda. Large Arc framed the area of \u200b\u200bthe Memorial with portraits of thirty-three heroes of the Soviet Union, which received this title in battles in the Northern Face Kursk Arc.
The area has changed its appearance several times. The last time the reconstruction of the monument on the fraternal grave of Soviet soldiers and the Square itself was carried out in 1993 to the 50th anniversary of the Victory in the Kursk battle. About the need for construction in rejugation memorial complexwho would adversely perpetuated the memory of the warriors, heroically fought in the Northern Face of the Kursk Arc, said and wrote veterans - participants in the fighting, local history, social activists, residents of the district. After all, it was here, on this earth, as the poet and Military officer E. Dolmatovsky wrote, "he was shot down with an eagle on Kursk strike from Kursk to Eagle."
In 2013, the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Battle of the Kursk Arc in the thiyari, this most memorial, and in two years, to the 70th anniversary Great Victory, It was built the second line - the "Teplov's heights" monument. This, as noted by the governor of the Kursk region A. N. Mikhailov, became the restoration of historical justice: "I am with great respect I treat the southern Fasua of the Kursk Arc, but the North was undeservedly forgotten. We eliminated this injustice, and the veterans supported me in this. "
The railway station "Ponyry" a hundred meters from the square is another victory symbol - decorated with bas-reliefs and memorial plates. One of her halls is a museum with portraits of commander and reproductions of paintings relating to us in the distant 1943 year.
According to Victoria Alexandrovna, in the past, the employees of the Ponyrovsky Historical and Memorial Museum of the Kursk Battle, the area of \u200b\u200bthe station was a fierce battle. Bloodflowers unfolded for school and water tower. The latter was generally erased from the face of the earth. As it was, then the front-line was told. German snipers "worked" on defenders of the village with water tower. Our - answered. The enemy decided to apply the psychological attack. From the loudspeaker rushed to soviet soldiers In Russian: they say, do not destroy the station and the tower, all this will have to restore it for a long time. According to the legend, Victoria Aleksandrovna says, our answered it first by the Russian Maternik, and then a firing language - all the guns unfolded and demolished the tower to the foundation together with the Germans ...
The battles in these places unfolded on July 6-7. Along railway Send German tanks. According to Oleg Budnikov Museum employee, up to 250 cars! Our, as they could, restrained the attack. In the afternoon, street fighting began on July 7. Railway school defended Rota Lieutenant Ryabov. When the company was pushed into the building, Ryabov, who did not have a connection with the command at that time, decided to take a circular defense. He still did not know that at school he and his fighters would have to defend two days. Without the delivery of ammunition and evacuation of the wounded and died ... when the cartridges ended and the Germans climbed onto the first floor, the commander and the fighters survivors went down to the basement, and Ryabov released a signal missile to cause fire on themselves. Our artillery hit the building. After this hello shelling, six fighters came out of the school basement, including the commander. The enemy was destroyed. For this feat Ryabov was awarded the Order. However, Fate Grimas: Coming out alive from such a hard battle, the lieutenant died after several months when the Bryansk region is released, where it is buried ...
The observation deck in the thermal heights is our next stop - built on federal products at an altitude of 274 meters above sea level. It is said that in good nightly weather, the lights of Kursk are visible from her, and it is here that it becomes clear why the Germans sought to conquer it, coming from the Simferopol route ...
We pay attention to the cedar alley unusual for our places. It turns out that three years ago here, in the Ponirovsky district, in search of the place of the death of his uncle, an employee of Tomsk Lesnia, Sergey Nikolaevich Kutz, came. His uncle Mikhail rests on the Memorial at the village of Olkhovatka. And there was a tradition in their family: when someone was leaving for a long time, sled by a tree. Going to the front from Almaty, Uncle planted Cherry. Two years of war she was blooming, and in 1943 he dried. So in the family realized that something happened to Uncle, and after some time a funeral was received ... In memory of his uncle Sergey Nikolaevich and participants in the school forestry of Tomsk, 800 seedlings of the Siberian cedar were planted. The tree was accustomed, and this year, Tomichi put another 500 cedars. Now this is a lively memory that the Siberian Rifle Division fought in the thermal heights. For the most part, her fighters were residents Far East and Siberia.
Memorial federal significance On one of the thermal heights is called "Monument to the warriors-artilleryrs." He was erected in November 1943. At a large pedestal, a genuine instrument from the Battery G. I. Igisheva "ZIS-2242" has been established.
- For a long time it was believed that the entire battery was killed, "Victoria Alexandrovna continues his story. - But then the Museum staff found out that the route of this tool Andrei Vladimirovich Pusikov is alive. He lived in Tula, came here for the last time in the late 90s. His gun, when I saw, I learned and said then: "Lakhfet is the same, but the Kraifer was replaced ..." A simple rustic peasant, he told him about his last here. "The scope was broken, he was left alone, all died. Andrei Vladimirovich knew where German tanks came from, he was aiming through the trunk and shot. At some point, the battle of the fighter lost consciousness, and later him, heavily wounded, found and sent to the hospital ...
Scorched earth
On the morning of July 5, 1943, three Soviet general military army were located in the opponent's offensive band. On the left flank - the 48th Army under the command of General Lieutenant Romanenko and the 13th Army General Lieutenant Pukhov, on the right - 70th Army under the command of Lieutenant General Galanina. In total, the beginning of the fights in the composition of these armies was about 270 thousand soldiers and officers. They opposed the 9th field army Walter Model total number Over 330 thousand soldiers and officers.
In the 11th Army Strine on July 5, "control" prisoners were taken, which showed that at dawn on July 5, the Germans plan to apply a powerful blow in the direction of Kursk. To disrupt this intent, in the strip of the 13th army, a counterfeit was carried out. In total, about 1000 trunks of tools and mortars participated in it. She lasted about half an hour, was spent from about a quarter to half the ammunition age. For comparison, it is 300 (!) Wagons, top-loaded with projectiles and mines.
After the Soviet art preparation, the Germans took their own. Through the front edge of the Soviet defense, 3.5 thousand guns worked. Then followed the main blow of the enemy in the direction of Olkhovka. In one day, the Germans have introduced in the battle of more than 10 infantry and tank divisions, as well as a large number of increasing parts. On the first day of the battle, the Germans wedged into Soviet defense by 6 km. Then the commander of the 13th and 70th armies were introduced into battle reserves, strengthening the front on both sides and did not allow him to "crumble". There were bloody battles here.
Both sides threw reserves, counting the situation quickly. This calculation was not justified with any of the parties, which led to huge losses. The first day of the battle is estimated as the most bloody on the Northern Face Kursk Arc.
One of the objects of the tourist route "Fire Rubber", opened in 1989 - the place called Kurgan. Here is a memorable sign of the military correspondent by Konstantin Simonov. It is installed on the site of the former command post of the commander of the 75th Guards Rangovine Gorisy Division. From here, Simonov wrote his immortal reports about the battles in the Northern Fac of the Kursk Arc, entering the book " Different days Wars. Memorial sign It appeared here 18 years ago at the initiative and with the participation of volunteers from Zheleznogorsk - members of the Children's Television "Mirror" and their head of Margarita Gavrilovna Vasilenko.
Why kursk arc?
Ponyovsky district, like the entire Kursk region, was occupied by the Germans in October-November 1941. After victorious Stalingrad battle Soviet troops, before that, defended, switched to the offensive. It lasted for almost five months and stopped after the large-scale counterdard of the enemy in the area of \u200b\u200bKharkov.
- Naturally, the rear behind the troops suffered great losses on both sides, "Oleg Budnikov tells us in the Ponyrovsky Museum of the Kursk battle. - People are tired, agree, it is very difficult to fuse to fuse a thousand kilometers in winter, and even without heating and regular hot nutrition ...
And for the first time since the beginning of the war, from March to July 1943, a long passage for this front under Kursk was formed. None of the parties were ready for a new big battle. This pause entered the story as 100 days of silence. The front stood along the line (if you look at the map - in the form of an arc) almost unchanged to the beginning of the summer campaign of the 43rd year. Here are three speakers: "Orlovsky" with the center in the city of Orel, Kursky with the center in Kursk and Kharkov and the center in Kharkov.
- In the summer of 1943, the German command had to be rehabilitated for defeat under Stalingrad, "explains our guide. - For this, it was supposed to apply a major defeat during the fast offensive operation in the Kursk area. The Germans calculated a blow from the north on the side of the eagle and a blow from the south of Belgorod to cut off the Kursk protrusion and defeat the Soviet troops, located west of the city. If this plan was implemented, the enemy would be able to defeat the troops of the central front under the command of General of the Army of Rokossovsky and the Voronezh Front - General of the Army of Vatutina. In total, at the time of the beginning of the fights in the composition of the two fronts, there were about a million three hundred thousand soldiers and officers. Without exaggeration, the defeat of these fronts could be considered a real military catastrophe. And the Germans planned to do all this in a record short time, literally in one week closer the ring of the environment.
Such a plan of surgery by the Soviet command was foreseen in advance. Marshal Zhukov has already pointed out that in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Central and Voronezh fronts, the Germans most likely take a major offensive operation. It was proposed to strengthen the defense at these sites and in parallel to prepare for an offensive operation in the area of \u200b\u200bKharkov and Eagle in order to actually cut the "Orlovsky" and "Kharkov" protrusions.
As a result, this is the development of events and occurred in July 1943, when the German troops tried to break through the Soviet defense and close the ring in the Kursk region. As we know, Note the Hitlerians did not work and began the Soviet counteroffensive.