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Where to do to become a pilot of civil aviation. Work in aviation: who are waiting and where to learn

Pilot - This is a specialist who possesses all the necessary theoretical knowledge and practical skills to manage aircraft. Airplanes and helicopters can be played as the latter. The words "pilot" and "pilot" are practically synonymous, but are used in a bit different contexts: pilots are usually called those who control civilian aircraft, and by pilots - those who work in the military industry. There is also a test pilot specialization, which tests new air vehicles. In any case, the profession refers to the category of "technique". The profession is suitable for those who are interested in physics (see the choice of a profession for interest in school subjects).

Short description: Who is the pilot?

The safety, health and life of passengers and the crew of the aircraft (or the safety of goods) depends on the pilot. It is very big responsibility, and it is rarely assigned only per person. As a rule, pilots on the vessel two, and the commander, navigator, a flight engineer may be present on it. In freelance situations, pilots can seek help from the aerobatakers located on Earth. This is a profession requiring excellent physical and psychological health.

Features of the profession

It is not difficult to assume that the pilot is not so much a profession as a vocation. To successfully fulfill the duties of the pilot required permanent concentration, Regular studies (since there are still new and new models of aircraft, helicopters and related techniques on the market), as well as attention to their health and condition even during non-working time. The main amount of work that must be mastered by the applicants for the pilot vacancy, the following:

  • Operation of aviation complexes that meet safety requirements (in peaceful and wartime).
  • The use of automated systems and computer technologies when managing aircraft.
  • Interaction with aircraft flights.
  • The adoption and implementation of management decisions in the conditions of time deficit and critical situations.
  • Evaluation of the safety level of flight, making a decision on the possibility / impossibility of its committing.
  • Adjusting and testing aviation complexes.
  • Adjusting and adjusting onboard equipment.
  • Filling the accompanying documents.
  • Organization of the work of aviation personnel.

It may seem to answer the question about who such a pilot can be one simple phrase: one who is responsible for the aircraft flight from point A to the point B. However, in practice and preparation for this flight, and its implementation, and prosperity dependent huge number factors. To competently recognize them and take into account, make optimal solutions in every second working time, it is necessary to have in-depth knowledge and impressive experience.

Pros and cons profession pilot

pros

  1. The prestigious profession (and the height of its status is equally large anywhere in the globe).
  2. High income.
  3. Real estate in the labor market.
  4. Full social package.
  5. As a rule, early retirement age.

Minuses

  1. Great responsibility.
  2. Strict requirements (as for admission to educational institutionsand for employment).
  3. The need to constantly maintain their health.
  4. Frequent lack of difficulty in maintaining relationships with relatives and loved ones.

Important personal qualities

As it has already been repeatedly marked, for the pilot has great importance Physical and psychological state. No chronic diseases, problems with vision, hearing, vestibular apparatus and other sensory systems Representatives of this profession should not be. Pilots regularly pass a medical examination, and when any ailments appear may simply be not allowed to fly.

In addition, responsibility is important for such specialists emotional stability, concentration ability, high reaction rate, the ability to quickly switch attention, the absence of fear of height and closed space, certain communicative and leadership abilities, analytical thinking.

Training at the pilot

The main options of where to get the profession of the pilot, two: it can be either a scenery or universities. So, in colleges you can pay attention to the specialty "test of aircraft" (code 24.02.03). In higher education institutions providing the possibility of tuition on the pilot, the most appropriate are the specialties "flight operation and the use of aviation complexes" (code 25.05.05), "aircraft management systems" (code 24.05.06) and "Operation of aircraft and an aircraft organization Movement "(code 25.05.05).

For admission to the DSUs, a certificate is enough (the competition is carried out on the middle score), and for studying at the university at the pilot it is necessary to pass the exam in Russian, mathematics and physics or computer science. Training in this responsible and difficult profession, in any case, will last at least 5 years (even upon admission to the DRS). Moreover, when training in a university in a correspondence or evening form, the pilot will need to spend 6 years, and upon admission to DRS after the 9th grade - more than 4 months.

Universities

Courses

This specialization is quite complex and responsible, so the lungs and rapid courses, where to learn at the pilot would need only a few months, does not exist. There are courses, for example, in the flight school "Aeroflot": they last two years and are suitable for candidates with higher technical education, Moreover, it is extremely desirable - aviation.

The best universities for pilots

  1. SPBGUGA
  2. SPBSAP
  3. MSTU them. N.E. Bauman

Place of work

Pilots work in public and private airlines, can be personal pilots of private aircraft, engage in test flights in enterprises involved in the development and production of helicopters and aircraft.

Salary flyer

As a rule, pilots get high wages even when working in state aviation companies. For even larger income, they may exceed the norms on flights per month, but restrictions are valid for such exceeds, and it is not recommended to do so constantly due to the need for a full-fledged vacation.

Salary for 01/30/2020

Russia 30000-42300 ₽

Moscow 20000-55000 ₽

Career growth

Career pilot begins with work on commercial routes, in small companies, easy aviation. As soon as he gains at least a couple of years of experience and enough clock, he can get a more serious firm. Over time, the pilot can become the main pilot, the crew commander, or to take one of the leadership positions in the airline itself.

The aviation pilot profession implies management of various categories of aircraft. Under the general name, the specialty combines several positions. The pilots include the commander, the second pilot, the flight engineer and the navigator. Aviation pilots manage both civil and military courts. Specific duties, except piloting and planting an aircraft, include monitoring testimony. The crew commander signs the accompanying documents. The profession also involves timely decision-making by pilots in freelance situations. Do not forget that in case of work in the field of transportation of passengers, the commander is responsible for dozens of lives.

Personal qualities

The first requirement for the pilot is absolute health. Multiple flights and sensitive overload during takeoff and landing require stamina. Considering the ever-changing meteo conditions and the possibility of force-magazine on board, stress resistance will become an additional advantage. For successful crew management required leadership skills And confidence in their actions.

Where to study

The training of aircraft pilot occurs in secondary special and higher educational institutions. Applicant can choose between educational institutions civil and military orientation. The reason for refusing to accept an applicant can be even a minor deviation in medical reasons. Basic academic disciplines are navigation and routing. Students study the device, aircraft management capabilities, get acquainted with the orientation of the vessel.

The educational status of the educational institution determines how much an applicant will learn to the aircraft pilot. Usually, learning time ranges from 3 to 5 years. However, during labor activity, the pilot passes a kind of advanced training courses. In addition, flight schools offer fans pilot courses. Per short course You can learn how to manage the ultralight vessel. This option is suitable for those who attribute to the hobby.

Required exams: Russian, mathematics, physics (selectively), physical training standards.

Suitable specialties:

  • "Full operation of aircraft"
  • "Testing of aircraft"
  • "Air navigation"
  • "Operation of aircraft and air traffic organization"

Examples of educational institutions, where they teach the chosen profession:

Civil Aviation:

Educational institutions of military aviation are characterized by a more rigid discipline and hostels of the barrage. Students get not only higher military education, but also a civil specialty.

Military aviation:

  • Krasnodar Higher Military Aviation School Summer named after the hero Soviet Union A.K. Serov.
  • Syzran Higher Military Aviation School Pilots
  • Chelyabinsk Higher Military Aviation School of Navigator

Pros and cons profession

Pros:

Real estate in the labor market;

Worthy salary;

The ability to travel;

Social security;

Early retirement age.

Minuses:

Emotional tension during flight;

Lack of warranty that the next medical commission will be passed;

Frequent beams from home;

The inability to maintain close connection with close constantly.

Career, Employment Places

After graduation in specialized institutions, a graduate has a graduate required amount Flight hours to get set in the company. Although it should be noted that the more seriously the organization, the more experience is required from applicants. For prestigious positions in Russian airlines there are tough competition. Test pilots in most cases are graduates of military schools. The average salary of the novice specialist - 70,000-90000 rubles.

The airliner pilot is confidently occupying one of the top rows in the hit-parade of the most romantic professions, and certainly the top in the list of the most cherished children's desires. That's just in adulthood, the units are chosen. And because not because the dream has evaporated with time. And because the idea of \u200b\u200bit covered with such a pile of myths and prejudices, that it already seems unrealized. The most unpleasant situation is that most of them are outdated for a long time, or were originally deprived of any meaning. We decided to eliminate this annoying misunderstanding and prepared an exhaustive material about to finally prove: everyone can become a pilot.

Myth 1. To do and study on the pilot, you can only until a certain age
This is not true. Previously, age restrictions really existed - in the school civil aviation Take up to 27 years, in Aerocluba DOSAAF - up to 35. Now this is not. The only restriction for enrollment on air courses is a state of health.

Myth 2. This, of course, is good, but they say to become a pilot, health should be like a cosmonaut
It all depends on your decision, how and where learn to pilot. The medical examination of flights is carried out by the Special Commission - VLEK.

VLEK requirements for pilots are divided into three groups. According to the first column, the commission pass cadets before entering the flight school. This one is the case when health really should be "like a cosmonaut" - the first graph is the most strict. The third is the opposite, the most loyal. It is according to it that future pilots are held at a flight school or an aeroclube to start training on the pilot under the Private Pilot Program. Cosmonaut for this should not be completely needed, it is enough to lead relatively healthy image Life and not have serious chronic diseases.

Misception: "I will pass a medical examination to become a pilot of civil aviation, and in the future I will want to continue learning on a commercial pilot, but I will not be allowed."

We forgot about the second column. It takes a medical examination of all acting pilots. And she is also "softer" than the first. That is, having decided to continue his career in the aerosloub after studying in AeroClub, you will be at the second point and the road will be opened on completely legal grounds. It is not necessary to become an astronaut. Moreover, for people who dream to work and generally become a pilot of civil aviation, but have some health problems, it is the only possible way Bypass "Space" requirements of flight schools.

Myth 3. Driving a plane is difficult
Let's honestly: and driving a car easily? And the doctor or the builder simply? Any profession requires efforts first to obtain high-quality education, and then responsibility in work. But if there is a lot of desire there is nothing impossible. Yes, someone piloting training It is easier, others need a little longer, but not in vain in the entire civilized world the most common way to teach pilots is the path from simple to complex. First, a small one-moving aircraft, like Cessna 172, in the aerokluba. Then the medium is doubled (admit, L-410) in the "applied" aviation: air patrolling, aerial photography, agricultural worker, cargo delivery, etc. etc. Well, there is already to "Boeing" with passengers not far away.

And do not forget about such a thing as a familiarized flight by plane with an instructor. You do not just be able to fly by planeThe instructor will definitely give you the opportunity to try to control the aircraft yourself to make your own conclusions.

Myth 4. Piloting training is expensive
Indeed, not cheap. But not much more expensive than qualitative education in other prestigious professions. You can, of course, to embracing about this and start in lengthless senseless reasoning, as it was good at the USSR, but much more constructively realize, finally, that the USSR is no longer there, and look for real ways to solve the problem. Many serious flight schools, in Moscow and others major cities Especially, have lending programs.

Tip: Try to find such AUC (Aviation the educational center), where there is an agreement with banks on the provision of not an ordinary consumer loan, but a specialized loan for education. This is a special type of lending, which allows you to postpone payouts until you finish learning.

Myth 5. Learn by the pilot - this is long.
Will have to "quit" work and family for several years
The concept of "long" for each of its own, so let's operate with specific numbers. The term of study in the flight school - 3 years, at the Academy - 5 years. Unfortunately, at this time really will have to fall out of real lifeso what would become a pilot of civil aviation, I will have to go through training in the flight school implies strict discipline and does not provide for absenteeism, omission, delay and other external. If it is unacceptable for you, a good exit - AUTS or flight school. Piloting courses in Moscow and around offers quite a few organizations. As a rule, the theory in aeroswives is read on weekends (plus self-preparation plays a large role), and you can perform training flights at any time convenient for you.

Conceduce: "I will spend time to become a private pilot, and then I want to work as a pilot in the airline and will have to go to the school and start everything from scratch."

Choose the "Right" Aeroclub. You can get a certificate "Commercial Pilot" You can flying a certain number of flight hours and passing a course of special training.

If you now want "just

Pilot - Profession is rare, in demand and noble. To become a pilot, you need to have impeccable health, a steady psyche, a strong vestibular device. But only good physical parameters are not enough. If you decide to become a pilot of civil aviation - you will have to go through a long course of study, to practice for a long time and grow in a professional plan. However, about everything in order.

Main qualities necessary pilot of civil aviation

The pilot is responsible for hundreds human lives, so he must have an exceptional sense of responsibility and emotional stability. Developed intelligence, perfection, speed of reaction, stress resistance - here are the quality necessary for the pilot.

The pilot is responsible for hundreds of human lives

Another important requirement applies to health. Students of flight universities and schools are obliged to take place every year a medical commission. If the future pilot will show scoliosis, flatfoot, weak vestibular apparatus or heart disease, then the road to the sky will be closed for him forever.


Tuments of flight universities and schools are required to undergo a medical commission annually

Existing pilots pass the medical commission twice a year. They give tests and attend narrow specialists in accordance with the long, detailed list. Members of the Medical Commission with special diligence check the severity of hearing and vision of the candidate, the stability of its vestibular apparatus.


Existing pilots pass the medical commission twice a year

To work by the pilot, you need to know the device and the principles of the aircraft operation, be able to manage it. For servicing international flights, you need to speak a foreign language well.

Where do you teach on pilots?

You can learn at the pilot in the university, a flying school or a privately owned school. Quality profile education can be obtained in educational institutions of St. Petersburg, Ulyanovsk, Buguruslan.

First method: university

Higher latles educational establishments Finance from the state budget, so you can enter free of charge with free, subject to successful delivery entrance tests. The university is accepted after complete high School. On entrance tests take into account eME results in physics, mathematics and Russian language. In 2018, for admission to the budget department of St. Petersburg State University, it was necessary to gain at least 192 points. All applicants were allocated 125 free places.


Higher relevant educational institutions are financed from the state budget, so you can proceed here for free, subject to successful entrance testing

Applicants can choose two training options: 4 years on undergraduate or 5 years on a specialty. Enrolled on the undergraduate easier than the specialty. In 2018, the cost of learning for one academic year accounted for 178 thousand rubles.

Second way: A flying school

Reception in a flying school is carried out on the basis of the competition of certificates. The competition involves assessments in all subjects for the 10-11 classes. You can study in a flying school on a budget basis. The state provides students with educational literature, simulators, pays scholarships, nonresident provides places in the hostel.

A full course of study in a flying school lasts 34 months. During the study, students are mastering the specialty, gaining a flight hours and the qualifications of the "commercial pilot" are qualified. At the end of the school, graduates can work in the field of commercial aviation.

Third way: private school pilots

To enroll in private pilot school, you need to have a secondary general education. When entering school there is no competition. Training is carried out on a fee basis: approximately 50 thousand rubles. For theoretical course, plus practice spending. The amount you pay for practical lessonsDepends on the model of the aircraft selected for training.


To enroll in private school pilots, you need to have a secondary general education

Pupils of a private school receive the necessary set of basic knowledge and skills, ranging from the technical device of the aircraft, ending with professional English. There are all three learning steps that are characterized in the following table.

Table: Training Stages in a private flight school

A lover pilot has the right to manage its own or rented airplanes (for example, led relatives, acquaintances on them), but it cannot work in commercial aviation. Commercial pilot has the right to control light aircraft, flying on the aircraft with one engine for short distances. The airline pilot has the right to operate a linear pilot.

It is noteworthy that students who have undergone three studies in private school have more flights than graduates of universities, so they have more chances to get a job in a major airline.

How to get a job by the pilot: the path from the university to the aircraft steering wheel

Most graduates of flying schools and universities dream to get a job in a major airline. However, for this they do not have enough flight practice. Graduates of flight schools, as a rule, 150-250 hours of the fall, and to replace the vacant position of the pilot, they need to fly 1500 hours. To get the remaining hours will have to be in a small provincial airline and only then, by taking experience, you can move to Aeroflot.

When the necessary hours are scored - you can safely apply for employment in a large airline. Be prepared for what you have to go through several selection stages.

Medicalism

At the first stage of selection, the candidate passes the Medical Commission. It can be held in hometown and come to an interview with a ready-made package of documents confirming your physical health. If candidates meet medical parameters, then no increases for them are not established for them. But excess weight can cause heart overloads during flights.


At the first stage of selection, the candidate passes the Medical Commission.

One of the most common contraindications for work by the pilot is a tendency to the tech. This work is not suitable for applicants, who have a head during travel in transport, the head appears. However, the listed problems are revealed at the stage of teaching the future pilot in high school or narrowing.

Testing

In the second stage is carried out psychological testing, the mental health of the candidate is evaluated. The purpose of this stage is to determine how much the candidate is ready to work as a pilot.

After that, the candidate is tested by basic subjects: mathematics, physics, Russian language. Candidates for foreign flights are seriously professional in professional English.

Extra education

Many airlines do not allow future pilots to work until they pass a retraining course. As a rule, training, accommodation and nutrition of future pilots pays the airline. After graduation, she admits a pilot to work and for 5-7 years he keeps 50% of the cost of learning from his salary.


Many airlines do not allow future pilots to work until they go back to retraining.

After the candidate passed all the stages professional selection, Testing and learned at additional courses, allow it to work.

  • Every day, over 3 million people are transported daily throughout the world of civil aviation pilots. Every 2 seconds somewhere landing or takes off the aircraft with passengers on board.
  • As of the beginning of 2018, the salary of the aircraft "Airbus 330" and "Boeing 777" aircraft in Aeroflot Airlines amounted to 650 thousand rubles. Pilots of medium-haul aircraft "Airbus A320" receive 635 thousand rubles each month. Pilots peripheral airlines earn several times less.
  • Pilteers have professional signs. Some pilots are never photographed before departure. Others do not touch the aircraft with their hands. There are many interesting attacks and rituals. But there are no nonsense standards for behavior.
  • At pilots, the work experience is determined not by the length of years and not gray hair, but by the number of dried clock. The pilot with a wave of 1.5 thousand hours will take to the local airline on the aircraft. For a pilot with a wax of 4 thousand hours, doors of any airlines of the world will open.
  • On average, during the year, pilots spend in the sky from 100 to 900 hours as whom will be lucky. The more often the pilot flies, the earlier he will retire. "Lucky" with a large number of towers can become well-deserved pensioners for years to 35.

Become a pilot of civil aviation is still half of the case. The pilot must maintain an excellent physical form and regularly confirm the impeccable state of his health on medical commissions. Therefore, we wish the pilots of good health and success in professional activities.

The pilot of the first class Inna Copets spent behind the steering wheel of Mi-1 helicopters, Mi-8 and Mi-26 about 11.5 thousand hours ("11 thousand 535 hours" - the idea of \u200b\u200brounding 35 hours it categorically disliked: more than a day in flight - not jokes). If your child is good with mathematics, it is easily causing that it is almost 480 days, or a year and four months. If you are tightly with mathematics, then the pilot from it is unlikely to come out: the steering wheel is allowed those who are in Lada with the exact sciences. What do you need to become a pilot of civil aviation? Read the advice from the first helicopter of the country that has established 15 world records.

Bear health

A good pilot closely monitors his health and, of course, engaged in sports. But the sport should not be for the sake of sports, but for the sake of health.

"Professional sport exhausts, takes away all the vitality, and they need to be preserved! Write enough to carry charging, play volleyball, basketball. Football is not necessary, a stupid game - 16 fools chase a ball over the field. Whether the work is a helicopter sport, it must be maintained and developed, especially since we are the first: from 11 championships in which the Soviet and Russian pilots participated, the seven ended our triumph. But in general, to fly, records and medals are not needed, only health. The main thing is not to be confused what is given by parents, nature. Do not spoil. "

Be friends with your head and with appliances

Special attention is paid to mathematics, physics. Develop systemic thinking. Understand how the technique is arranged, from which parts are the mechanisms and why these details are.

After the 10th grade, when I was not accepted in the Central Committee DOSAAF (I was not 18 yet), I got a cranewner on a heat-repair factory, where my father worked. And on the third day mastered the taps: sitting at the very top of a huge shop, could raise and turn the carts, wheels. Other newcomers left for training. And I was so much crushed - I love the glands, I love to see how everything is arranged. There is in St. Petersburg. If you have children, grandchildren - be sure to go with them. This is such joy! "


Read books about pilots

The future pilot will be useful to know the people who worked out: scientists, engineers, pilots, astronauts. Reading books, he will not only expand his horizons, but also infected better qualities These people.

"I was born on September 25, 1938. On this day, about an hour of day, the legendary Soviet pilot Valentina Stepanovna Grisodubov, along with two nipples on the Motherland, completed his famous record non-winning flight from Moscow to the Far East, landed in the forest in the Khabarovsk district. Mom wanted to call me Valentina in her honor, but Dad chose another name. Grisodobova since childhood was an asterisk for me. When I told the parents that I want to be a pilot, my mother was in bewilderment. "Daughter, you really draw so well, you write poems, well, where can you?" She said. And I then answered her: "For Valentine Stepanova!". Many have become pilots only thanks to her example.


V.S. Grizodubov. Mark dedicated to the flight Moscow - Far East

And Gagarin! When he came to us in Kaluga in June 1961, put the first stone in the Museum of Cosmonautics History, there was no apple on the city square. We, helicopters, stood a rank, dressed in the front-end blue suits. When we were presented to him, he shook his hand. Guys, then a week of hand was not soap.

I was lucky to live at one time and communicate with people who were real personalities and idols of millions. It is a pity that they are not today, but even reading books about them, you can catch a spark, get a powerful charge that will help to go to your dream and overcome obstacles. Ask in the library - there are a lot of such books. Read them and charge. "

Know and sing songs

It is impossible to be a pilot and do not love songs. No hearing is not trouble. The main thing is to sing the soul. When she flies, the body becomes easier!

"I have a mother and my father sang. Dad was a Ukrainian, knew many folk songs. Mom sang great, and I also read the names of the epics and poems, her memory was phenomenal. In the flight school, we, cadets, sang "what you stand swing ...". And recently I learned that this song was written back in 1864! Do you know how many songs are created on poet poet Nikolai Rubtsov? 700!

By the way, when I first met with Valentina Grisodubova - we came to visit her to visit to all the crew, I was already a helicopter, with records - the first thing she said to me: "I read about you and I know. And tell me what songs do you like? ". I replied that I adore Russian folk, romances. And after all, before flying, she graduated from a music school, she studied at the conservatory. I sat down for the piano and says: "Well, so what we sing?". I suggested: "Let's something simpler. "I remember the waltza sound adorable ...". And we sang on her two voices. And then the moments happened in life when she called me, suddenly, in the middle of any things, bustle, sad, and asked: "Innochka, let's sing!". I am at this end of the wire, she is on that - and we sing. There you look - she is already laughing and tell me for a pieceport: "Well, you raised my mood, thank you, until the next meeting!"

Girls: understand that it will not be easy

If the girl becomes a pilot, then it will always be in the first place. It is necessary to be prepared for the fact that family matters, communication with children and relatives sometimes have to sacrifice.

"It's serious, very difficult, responsible," male "work. It requires complete return. And what if in addition to it there is a family? Everyone is not enough for sure. But it is standing at work to miss some little thing - it may end a big tragedy, God forbid. Rather, you will prefer to stay for a couple of hours, a little less time to pay the family. You must understand in advance that it will be so. And yet: when a woman appears on such work among men - she is like a white crow. Somewhere you will confuse - they will immediately say: what else to take with women! You will always have to be alert, the ears with a hatch. "


Remember that flights are not important

Alas, not everyone can become a pilot and fly. Someone for health will have to abandon this idea. But not only in the flights happiness. Serve aviation, help those who fly, ensure them the reliability of flights and the softness of landings - no less interesting, noble and romantic.

"Everyone who dreams to become a pilot is very useful to engage in aircraft modeling. This is bendable to future pilots, and those who can not fly will help become good engineers, designers. Like Marat Nikolayevich Tishchenko - he visited classes as a child young techniciansAnd then began to design helicopters, under his leadership was created by the Mi-26, the largest helicopter in the world.

Being an engineer is very responsible and honorable. Pilots are very valued and respect the technical composition. There are no unimportant people in aviation, each little thing plays a role. I remember in Surgut one aunt that soap helicopters. I, it happened, insertion, I am going on the airfield - the evening, it is dark already, cold, and it costs and cleans another helicopter to shine. I never passed past, always stop, I will ask: "How are you, aunt Natasha?" And be sure to say for her work. And she responds to me proudly: "So I'm also a helicopter!". Do you understand? A person makes his little business, and everyone does, all together. Important total result, but the flights are not important! ".