The highest scientific degree. Scientists and titles: who is who

If you decide to work as a teacher, then you need to navigate in posts at the Department of Universities: Assistant, Senior Lecturer, Associate Professor, Professor, know what is the difference between them, and what the requirements should be a candidate for every position to represent what You need to be ready.

If you already have the experience of scientific and pedagogical activities, it may be protected phD dissertationbut doubt the loyalty of understanding that there is a position, a degree, scientific titleExplained in this article you will also find.

If you just show idle interest, who is above: Professor or Doctor of Science? Also look for an answer in the article.

How to get a job as a teacher at the university?

+ Improve diploma

If you want to work later by a teacher, and before the end of the specialized university there is still enough time, then do not lose it in vain and work over your estimates. It sounds trite, but in practice it turns out to be true: the employers really look at the evaluation in the diploma, and the higher they, the more employment opportunities for you open, and the trielents are not needed to anyone.

If the diploma has already been received, and it is impossible to change anything, then, unfortunately, I don't know the facts that teachers with topics work in profile disciplines work in the university (you know such cases? Share them in the comments!).

+ Create a resume by providing his photo

A ready summary must be with a photo, so the employer will be easier to combine and remember as one: you, your resume and interview with you. Imagine, he / her in the table can lie a lot of pieces of paper, pulling out some kind of resume, it will be difficult for him to remember a person, an impression with him, and the impression on it, if there is a photo - the question is removed.

+ Personally contact the Zavka

If you are sure of your desire to find a job as a teacher and have a ready-made summary, the next step will be the search for contacts of the university coastard, where you would like to work, because it is she / he, and not some other official of the university, aware, is there any It / its free bets, or when they are released. Knowing the surname, name, patronymic, working phone Zadeardos, you need to contact her / name, and, in the event of a job, you will be invited to an interview.

At the same time, the conversation with the Zavorka Fed at the phone increases the chances of destination of the interview compared to sending resumes by mail.

Think, why do you need to shake a couple of weeks waiting for a possible response of the employer to your resume, and to make extra television in the form of a search for a meeting with you? You better immediately get the answer: "Yes, we have vacancies, come to the interview", or: "No, and not foresee," and move on, look for other solutions to the problem, how to get a teacher at the university. The employer, in his position, usually do not have to "run" for the personnel, in high school, as a rule, a little vacancies, and it is a candidate who wants to get to work, ABOUTi am initiative.

+ Choose a good time

Successfully get a job as a university teacher will help the well-selected job search time.

Typically, the load between teachers is distributed to the school year, and it starts on September 1. We begin to pre-distribute the load in the spring.

As you know, the school year is divided into 2 semesters, and teachers most often dismissed, read: the places are exempt, at the beginning of the semester.

It follows from the foregoing that approximately in May, June Zavorkapler will need to know if he needs / she will have new teachers for the next academic year. \u003d\u003e Better to contact the Zabedroy in May, June.

But in any case, it is particularly not as planned and here: some teacher found another job and decided to quit, he does it usually since the beginning of 1 semester, less often - from the beginning of 2 semesters. \u003d\u003e Monitor the vacancies in late August, early September, late December, January.

It happens that in the middle of the year, someone goes somewhere, then the Zavorkapler has to take out to at least find someone, and at the height school year It is very difficult, everyone is arranged and operated in their places. Here he / she opens a daddy with the accumulated summary of candidates, and your photo in the resume can serve you a good service: he / she is alone remembering another barely barely, and you will remember and invite you to the interview!

How is the competition going on to replace the vacant post of teacher of the university?

I'll answer. At the first point: information about truly free places at the departments of universities is not served on the labor exchange, nor publish on the Internet; On the second item: Placement of ads on the competition for filling vacant posts at the university is the formality, fulfilling the requirements of the procedure of the competition, and for each post there is already a real person who now claims, and a little earlier it took this position, he simply expired for labor contract.

The fact is that this is happening in accordance with the universities of practice, in view of the following regulations on the procedure for replacing the posts of pedagogical workers belonging to the faculty, approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Extreme - in 2015):

" 1. This Regulation<…> determines the procedure and conditions for replacing the posts of pedagogical workers belonging to the faculty, in an organization engaged in educational activities By implementation educational programs higher education and additional professional programs, and conclusions with them of employment contracts for an indefinite period or for a certain period no more than five years.

3. Conclusion of the employment contract to replace the post of pedagogical worker in the organization, as well as transfer to such a position preceded election by competition For replacement, relevant posts (hereinafter - Competition). "

// Garant.ru.

Practice shows that the teacher is concluded labor contract for a period of up to 5 years (it can be both 1 year and 3 years old, or another figure to 5), cases of admonition of perpetual treaties are unknown, this happens, perhaps with the famous professors (if you know the circumstances, examples when Permanent contracts are concluded with teachers, tell us in the comments).

So, in order to take a certain position at the department, you need to go through the competition, which means to confirm your compliance of this post. Competitions allow you to keep teachers in a tone, make them develop, as the appropriate candidate is usually a teacher who meets the following requirements: past advanced training published science articles, issuing educational and methodological benefits with work experience, and more.

Among the stages of the competition, it is possible to allocate the following: filling out the applicant of the package of documents, the report of the candidate before the members of the department, on which he claims to continue to work, approval of the candidate at a meeting of the Competition Commission of the Institute / University, the approval of the candidacy by the Scientific Council of the Institute / University is brief.

Posts at the University ascending

The lowest post of the university teacher - assistant . He, just like other teachers, is practical or seminar classes, butnot It may be allowed to read lectures. The salary of the assistant is the lowest, but also the requirements for a candidate for this post minimal - work experience of 1 year, and after graduating, there is no condition for the existence of the experience.

Next position at the University of Ascending - senior Lecturer . Lecturer in this post alsonot It is allowed to read lectures. But the requirements for the employee who claim to it are sufficiently high: and work experience at least 3 years and, in the case of a candidate of science, work experience is also necessary. In addition, the candidate for the position must submit the results of research and methodical work: availability of published scientific articles, the release of educational and methodological benefits.

For the overwhelming majority of teachers who have not defended their dissertation, and therefore, not having a candidate of science, the position of senior teacher is a ceiling of development at the Department in the university.

Position associate The department at the university is given in the presence of a scientific degree of a candidate of science (that is, successful protectionphD Thesis) and experience of scientific and pedagogical work, that is, work in the university by the teacher, at least 3 years or the academic title of associate professor.

Senior teacher and associate professor, the difference as we see is as follows:

Senior Lecturer - the post below the associate professor.

The existence of a candidate of science is the main condition for the applicant for the post of associate professor.

The necessary scientific and pedagogical experience seems to be the basic requirement for the applicant for the post of senior teacher.

The posts of teachers at the university also include such as professor , it can only be served as a teacher who has a scientist degree of doctor of science (and therefore defendingdoctoral dissertation), or the scientist of the professor, as well as work experience of 5 years.

The difference between the associate professor and the professor is as follows:

Professor's post of professor.

The presence of a degree of candidate of science (or academic title of associate professor) is the main condition for claims to the post of associate professor.

The academic degree of doctor of science (or the scientist of the professor) seems to be a necessary requirement for the applicant for the post of professor.

Position and degree

Now you know what positions can occupy teachers at the department, but I also mentioned such a concept as a degree - it is worth staying on it.

Scientists of degrees in Russia are two: candidate of science and doctor of science.

To obtain degree of candidate of science It is necessary to enroll in graduate school, at the end of which to protect the PhD dissertation is a scientific study on a certain problem.

What gives graduate school in Russia and why go there? Graduate studies give a delay from the army? Included in labor experience? What gives employment? Training in graduate school and work, how to combine? What is the term of study in graduate school? What are the forms of study in graduate school? Is there a correspondence graduate school? What is the corresponding postgraduate study from full-time? What is the learning process in graduate school? What gives graduate school without protection?

Doctor of Science It is awarded after successful protection of a doctoral dissertation, written during training in doctoral studies. In doctoral studies, you can enter only already having a scientific degree of candidate of science.

Associate Professor is a position or a scientific degree? Associate Professor and Candidate of Sciences, what is the difference?

Thus, answering the question: Associate Professor is a post or a degree, it can be said that the Associate Professor is a position held by the teacher at the Department, which is usually a scientific degree of candidate of science.

Associate Professor and Candidate of Science, what is the difference? The difference of associate professor from the candidate of science is that, as you already know, the Associate Professor is the position of the teacher at the Department of the University, and the candidate of science is a scientific degree awarded to him as a result of the successful protection of the candidate thesis.

What is the difference between the doctor of science from Professor? Who is the above Professor or Doctor of Science?

Doctor of Science and Professor - the difference is that the doctor of science is a scientific degree, awarded to the researcher who defended his doctoral dissertation. And Professor is a teacher's position at the Department of the University, which may occupy, in the overwhelming majority, a teacher who has a doctorate degree.

Answer the question: who is above the professor or doctor of science, in my opinion, is impossible, because these concepts relate to different system of ranking research workers.

Professor - is a post, highest at the department: Assistant -\u003e Senior Lecturer -\u003e Associate Professor -\u003e Professor.

Simply mortal is difficult to understand all categories that make up the scientific "career ladder." Assistant, professors, graduate students, candidates of science - you can hear different scientific titles, especially easy to get confused by a student who just started at the university.

What do these scientific degrees mean in Russia, as they are arranged ascending, who receives them than they differ from scientists and how not to confuse them with scientific positions - we will disassemble in our article.

Degree - qualification of the professional level achieved, awarded for research achievements.

The scientific degree is awarded for achievements in science

The degree of degree can be obtained in high school and Research Institute (the so-called Research Institute, we denote the different scientific organizations).

A positive or negative decision on award is adopted by a special body - dissertation council.

The degree is a professional title that does not depend on the post, teaching and experience and determines the scientific "rank" exclusively.

It allows you to qualify the level theoretical knowledge and practical achievements in science.

This title obtained earlier is saved by a person for life, unless it gets a higher degree or will not be disqualified.

In Russia, approved by a special provision of two scientists: Candidate of Science and Doctor of Sciences applied in Soviet times.

Such a two-stage system is the legacy of the German scientific hierarchy used before the revolution.

Today in most countries attached to Bologna process, One degree of postgraduate qualifications is applied - Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy, where philosophy is equal to science at all.

Since Russia also signed the Bologna Convention, aimed at bringing scientific and educational systems to a single order, perhaps we will soon be waiting for change in this area.

Scientific degrees: list in order of increasing

Currently, two scientific degrees are awarded in the Russian Federation:

1. Candidate of science - the first qualification degree.
2. Doctor of Science - the second and highest qualification degree.

The scientific hierarchy is limited by these two ranks.

Bachelor, specialty and magistracy - steps denoting the amount of education obtained at the university - with a scientist in our country, do not correlate in any way.

The degree can only be obtained by a certain scientific industry, there is an official list that limits the list of sciences. For example, the name of a complete scientist of a criminal law teacher may look like this: a candidate legal Sciences (K.Yu.N.) in the specialty 12.00.09 "Criminal Process", where the specialty code is indicated by numbers.

The difference between a scientific degree from a scientist

If you are not directly related to scientific peace, it is not difficult to get confused in academic degrees and scholars.

To clarify all doubts, let's notify how these "scientific ranks" differ.

Experience, the number of published works, the number of "wards" - students and graduate students under the leadership of the teacher are important for obtaining this scientific title.

Scientific title award for achievements in scientific and pedagogical activities

In Russia, two scholars are assigned:

1. Assistant professor;
2. Professor.

If you want to shine with your educational in the society of scientific figures, do not forget that the degree is "awarded", and the scientist is "assigned" - such a designation is accepted in professional vocabulary and regulatory documents.

Even until recently, the title marked two concepts: the above-described scientific title and belonging to the employee worked. Since 2014, it can be obtained only as a qualifying rank.

Assign a scientist title from now on, only the Ministry of Education is entitled, relying on experience and professional merit, before it was the prerogative of the WAK (the highest attestation commission is the competent authority authorized by the Ministry).

The procedure for obtaining title was also subject to change - if earlier "professors" could be obtained immediately, now required condition - Three years of experience in the rank of associate professor.

Traditionally, scientists first receive a degree - and then the title is awarded.

That is, in most cases, it happens like this: a scientist receives a degree, suppose a candidate of science, and then the title of associate professor.

Thus, the professors are mainly becoming the doctors of science.

But, since this is not spelled out legislative, you can find professors without a doctoral degree. In the scientific lexicon, such professors are customary called "cold".

Scientists in universities

It is important not to confuse the scientist title with the official position on which the employee works.

In training I. scientific organizations The terms "Associate Professor" and "Professor" denote the names of official steps. And the degree, and the title are approved by a person for life - take office just to a certain one.

The official staircase is determined by the internal regulations of the university about such a hierarchy:

• laboratory assistant;
• senior Assistant;
• assistant;
• teacher;
• senior Lecturer;
• assistant professor;
• professor;
• zavorka Fed;
• dean;
• vice Rector;
• rector.

That is, it is possible to consist in the post of professor, but not have any scholarship title, or have a scientist of the professor, but to work as a professor.

Often, the teacher who occupies a professorship, does not always have the title of professor, and the head of the department can only be an associate professor.

Most often, the very title is assigned after the experience in the position of the position.

Such transfer of rights caused fierce disputes in scientific circles. Many believe that the lack of state control over the award process will lead to corruption and "grinding" of these categories.

In order for you to qualify for the first degree of a candidate of science, be sure to have a specialist or master's diploma, a bachelor's diploma not enough.

It is believed that the magistracy is the first step towards graduate school, since masters defend the thesis, which then may well "grow" to the candidate.

To get a grade candidate science prerequisite is the surrender of the candidate minimum - exams in the specialty, philosophy and foreign language.

For admission to protecting the thesis you need to pass exams

Exams are tolerance to the protection of the candidate qualification work - thesis.

PhD thesis - qualifying workhaving value for the scientific industry representing new practical scientific achievements or permission of theoretical scientific problems.

According to the main ideas of the dissertation, it is necessary to publish several articles in scientific publications (at least two publications).

On writing the thesis is given 3 months of vacation if the applicant works in a scientific organization.

The majority of candidate claims are trained in graduate school - step of the first level of postgraduate education. Postgraduate studies are under universities and scientific organizations, and at times less.

The term of study in graduate studies is 3-4 years. The student in graduate school is assigned one of the younger scientific positions and impose teaching or other duties.

Those who do not want to devote themselves to science and teaching have the opportunity to protect their dissertation work in the form of free applicant - that is, to take exams on their own and write a study without enrollment in graduate school.

According to statistics from three applicants, only one receives a candidate degree from the first time. Many it turns out the dissertation only with the second or third attempt.

Doctoral dissertation - Qualifying work, which is important scientific achievement or solving scientific problems having a large political, economic, cultural significance for scientific society and the state as a whole.

Dr. Science can only be the one who already has a candidate degree

For comparison, when awarding the scientific title is awarded a certificate of its assignment.

Thus, today there are two scientific degrees in the Russian Federation: Candidate of Science and Doctor of Science.

To achieve award award, it is necessary to protect dissertation work that meets high requirements.

If you are going to build your career in science, you can not do without a scientific degree - it confirms your qualifications in the scientific industry, and in most cases precedes the assignment of the scholar title.

Receiving degree affects the size of wages - its owners are relying more than official salary.

IN last years Get a title confirming the high level of education, many top managers and managers also seek higher Level In state structures, it increases their personnel value, the demand for employees with such qualifications is growing in large companies.

In this video you will learn how to write the dissertation correctly:

IN Russian Federation Academic degrees of doctors and candidate of science and scientists of the title - professors and associate professors in the specialty, professor and associate professor at the department (see a single register of degrees and scholars). The situation determines the procedure for awarding scientists by degrees, including determines the criteria that the dissertations should be answered, the procedure for the dissertation council and the reviews of the dissertations in the highest attestation commission, the decision on the nostrification of scientists of degrees, the order of detention (recovery) of scientists degrees, etc. Questions - CM .:

List of candidate exams on the history and philosophy of science, foreign language and special disciplines. Annex to the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of October 8, 2007 №274

About candidate exams. Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of July 12, 2011. NSSI-754/04

On the placement of ads on the protection and files of dissertation abstracts on the Internet. Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of September 8, 2011

On the placement of ads on the protection and abstracts of doctoral and candidate dissertations. Information communication Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of the Russian Federation of November 24, 2011

By order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, two instructions were approved - instructions on the procedure for submitting materials for the creation of new, changing the dissertation councils in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the instructions on the procedure for submitting to the assignment of scientists of military personnel and civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - see:

On awarding scientists of degrees and assigning scientists to the titles with military personnel and persons of civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of February 12, 2004 №44

Delay for graduate students from military service

Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of April 18, 2011 №04-258<По вопросу предоставления отсрочки от призыва на военную службу на время обучения в очной аспирантуре>

Nomenclature of specialties of scientists

Until December 31, 2009, advice on the protection of doctoral and candidate dissertations should be aligned with the nomenclature of specialties of scientists:

Nomenclature of specialties of scientists. Approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of February 25, 2009 No. 59

Salaries and surcharges (surcharges) for the title and degree

The budget sector and in government agencies, as well as servicemen, have established salaries and surcharges (surcharges) for scientific degrees and titles:

On the establishment of salaries for the title of valid members and corresponding members of state academies of sciences. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 22, 2008 №386

On the size of monthly surcharges for scholars to civilian personnel budgetary institutions (organizations) Science of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the Military educational institutions Higher vocational education Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the duration of the annual paid holidays of scientific workers of budgetary institutions (organizations) of science of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, having a degree. Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of April 16, 2003 №120

On the establishment of dumps for a degree and (or) scientist the title of employees of some federal executive bodies and military personnel undergoing military service under the contract. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 2, 2006 №343

Were lost strength:
On the establishment of the allowance (additional payment) for the scientist degree to certain categories of servicemen passing military service under the contract, and employees of the internal affairs bodies. Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of April 1, 2004 №211. - The document has lost strength in connection with the publication of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 31, 2012 No. 60
On the establishment of salaries for the title of real members and corresponding members Russian Academy Sciences, the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Russian Academy of Education, the Russian Academy of Arts and the Russian Academy of Architecture and Building Sciences and additional payments for scientists of the doctorate of the doctor of science and candidate of science. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 6, 1994 No. 807. - The document has lost its strength in connection with the publication of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 29.03.2014 №245

Researchers and universities teachers are usually a scientific degree and scientist. What is the specificity of the regalia data?

What is a degree academic?

Under scientific degree It is customary to understand the level of qualification of the representative of the scientific sphere, assigned to him after passing training on special programs. In Russia, two scientists are now established - candidate of science and doctors of science.

The first is assigned to a person who has successfully studied in graduate school and defending his dissertation. Doctor of Science is assigned to a scientist who is undergoing training in doctoral studies, protects the dissertation, and also receives the approval of the Council of the Higher Certification Commission.

Only candidates of science can receive a doctoral degree. At the same time, specialization on which a person was trained in graduate school, often does not coincide with the one on which he intends to study in doctoral studies. For example, the Candidate of Economic Sciences may well become a doctor of science in physics.

What is the scholar title?

Under scholarship It is customary to understand the level of the representative of the scientific sphere, assigned to it in the process of working work in a university or a scientific institution. In Russia, there are two scholars of titles - associate professor and professor.

An important nuance - Associate Professor or Professor, a person may not be because it has a corresponding scholar title, but by virtue of the position. In turn, a person who has a documented duty officer or professor, may not occupy relevant posts in the university.

The title of associate professor (if we talk about his official assignment) the scientist can get for success in research or pedagogical work. The title of professor can be assigned a university employee for success in pedagogical work, as well as in the preparation of graduate students.

Associate Professor and Professor is confirmed by a special certificate. In practice, to become a professor, the scientist most often can only if the work experience as an associate professor.

Comparison

The main difference between a scientific degree from the scholar title is that the first regaliation of a person receives on the results of training on special programs - in graduate school or doctoral studies, the second - in the process of working in a university or a scientific institution.

At the same time, both concepts in practice are closely related to each other: affiliates become, as a rule, scientists who have a degree of candidate, professors - doctors of science. Although, if a person gets outstanding achievements in science, he can get a scientist and without an appropriate degree. But this is a rather rare case.

Identifying what the difference between the degree and scholars' scientist, fix the basic conclusions in the table.

Academic degree	Scientific title
What is common between them?
The scholar title is given, as a rule, only those representatives of the science that have a scientific degree (candidates become affiliates, doctors - professors)
What is the difference between them?
Represented by the degrees of the candidate and doctor of science	Represented by the titles of Associate Professor and Professor
Mandatory condition for awarding a scientific degree is training on special programs - in graduate school (to obtain a degree of candidate of science), in doctoral studies (for the degree of doctor)	The main condition for the assignment of scientific rank is the work of work in a university or a scientific institution

The main intellectual potential of the state is scientific cadresfocused mainly at the Academy, Research Institutions (Research Institute) and universities of the country.

Institutions created specifically for organization and conduct scientific research and developments.

Higher educational establishments (universities) prepare bachelors, specialists and masters, scientific and pedagogical personnel for various sectors of the economy; the scientific work of the theoretical and applied nature, which is the basis for the training of personnel of all qualification levels; Implement the qualifications of teachers of higher and secondary specialschools and specialists engaged in various industries, agriculture, culture, etc.

The scientific degrees of the doctor and candidate of sciences are awarded, and scientists of the professor, associate professor and senior researchers are assigned to persons having a higher education, deep professional knowledge and significant achievements in a certain branch of science in pedagogical activities.

Ph.D -science degree. Wak under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is assigned to persons who have a scientist degree of candidate of science, as a rule, according to the relevant industry of sciences and publicly defending his doctoral dissertation in the Council of the University or a scientific institution, which is given the right to adherence and protect the doctoral dissertations. The thesis for a scientific degree is a qualified scientific difficulty, performed personally in the form of a specially prepared manuscript or published scientific monograph. It contains the scientifically substantiated theoretical or experimental results, scientific provisions put forward by the author for public protection, and is characterized by the unity of the content and testifies to the personal contribution of the applicant to science. The dissertation for the doctor of the doctor is a major scientific work (the scope of the main text within 250-300 pages of machine-visiting text), which contains the studied by the author. She must meet one of these requirements: a) obtaining new scientifically based results in a certain branch of science, which in aggregate decide important scientific problem; b) the implementation of new scientific and educated developments in a certain branch of science, which ensure a solution to a significant applied problem.

PhD -the first scientist, awarded from 1934 to persons with higher education, surrendered candidate exams and defending their dissertation. Thesis for the degree of candidate of science is a qualified scientific work of the main text within 100-150 engineering strangers (for public and humanitarian Sciences 140-180 typewriters) decorated according to State Standard. It should contain a study by the author who meet one of these requirements: a) obtaining new scientifically-founded results, which, together solve a specific scientific task, is important for a certain branch of science; b) obtaining new scientific and substantiated or experimental results, which, together, are essential for the development of a particular direction for the development of the science industry.

Professor(from Lat. Proffesor - teach) - scientist, the position of teacher of the university. The title of professor is assigned to the Attestation Board of the Ministry of Education of Ukraine. The academic title of professor assigns to the doctors of sciences operating in universities of 3-4 levels of accreditation and institutions of postgraduate education, in scientific institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and a number of sectoral academies, research institutes and equitable organizations, inter-sectoral sectoral scientific and technical complexes and inter-sectoral associations on positions of the head of the department, professor, rector (educational and scientific work). This title is also assigned to persons working in the head of the head (chief) by the research department, the main (lead) researcher or as director, deputy director, a scientific secretary who has a academic title of associate professor, experience of pedagogical (scientific) work for at least 5 years , Print scientific and scientific and pedagogical works (not less than 10 works, including monographs), published after the protection of the doctoral dissertation, which prepared at least 3 candidates of science and attracted to pedagogical activities.

Senior Researcher - Scientific title and staffing position in research institutes and universities. Assigns to the decision of the Bak College under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

Assistant professor (from Lat. Dosens - Training), Scientific title and Posted by Textbooks of universities of a number of countries. Awarded attestation college of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.

The academic title of associates assigns to doctors and candidates of sciences working in the posts of associate professor, professor, head of the department, rector (vicector of educational and scientific work), in high schools 3-4 levels of accreditation and equated establishments of postgraduate education. Applicants on the title of associate professor must successfully work in these posts for at least a year, have experience of pedagogical work in universities at least 3 years and five printed scientific and methodological and scientific LaborsThese are used in pedagogical practice and published after the defense of the thesis in the leading (faulty) scientific publications of Ukraine and other states.

A special place is occupied by membership in the Academy, which allows to have an academic title.

Academician -actual Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academies of States and some sectoral academies. In the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine there are also the title of Honorary Academician and a foreign member, in the Honorary Member's Academy. Membership in the Academy indicates the recognition of great achievements in the development of science.

Correspondent member - Academic title, practiced in the CIS countries and some other countries. He is elected for outstanding successes in the development of science. The right to nominate candidates for correspondent members has scientific institutions, public organizations and individuals. The correspondent member is elected by secret ballot in the relevant branches of the Academies of Sciences and is approved by the General Assembly of the Academy.

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