History of BOD. BOD "Admiral Chabanenko": technical characteristics, weapons

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The big anti-submarine ship "Admiral Chabanenko" of the project 1155.1 of the ocean zone is currently the most modern ship of this class. In the class of ships of the first rank "Admiral Chabanenko" became the second after atomic cruiser "Peter the Great".

The BPK "Admiral Chabanenko" is designed to solve the problems of combating the underwater and surface forces of the enemy, anti-air defense, support to landing their landings, and is able to act both as part of the ship's compound and autonomously.

The history of the creation of the ship began in the 70s of the last century, when the marine powers began to develop multipurpose ships. The chief designer "Admiral Chabanenko" Valentin Mishin, who in 1979 was offered to lead work on the project 1155. In 1982, the first drawings appeared.

The ship is built at the Yantar shipbuilding plant in Kaliningrad (now JSC "Baltic shipbuilding plant" Amber ").

The BOD was laid on February 28, 1989, launched on December 14, 1992. The first running tests in the sea were held in 1995, but the commissioning of the FLOTO was stretched out of financial difficulties for several years. The final stage The State Tests of the BOD passed in January 1999.

On January 28, 1999, the BOD was part of the Russian Navy (on this day, the Naval Andreevsky flag was raised on the ship in a solemn atmosphere).

On February 26, 1999, Admiral Chabanenko began the transition from the Baltic on the Northern Fleet. He graduated from March 10, 1999 and entered into the Northern Fleet.

Specifications

The ship has a length of 163, 4 m., Width 19, 5 meters and a displacement of 8900 tons.

Four power units are associated with two shafts and provide maximum speed in 32 nodes.

Power reserve: 3,500 miles. Ship crew - 296 people.

BOD has great maneuverability, high firing indicators.

The ship is equipped with powerful and diverse weapons. As the main shock, it has an anti-develop missile complex with anti-worked missiles "Moskit" with the system of target designation "Mineral". To solve the problems of air defense of the BOD project 1155.1, there are two anti-aircraft missile sets of self-defense "Dagger" (placed in the nasal part of the ship, 64 rockets) and two combat modules of the anti-aircraft missile-artillery complex "Kortk" (in the middle of the ship closer to its feed part). Artillery armament is represented by 130? MM, a paired artillery installation of AK-130.

Anti-submarine weapon includes: anti-submarine rocket complex of type "Waterfall-NK" with two four-pipe universal rocket launchers and a complex of anti-pedoidal protection of the "Breav-1" type. For airborne intelligence and solving other tasks, the ship is equipped with two anti-sidelum helicopters of the Ka-27 type placed in two hangars and two run-offs on the stern.

As part of the radio electronic armament of the ship there are: combat information and control system (Bius) of the "Lesorb-51" type; The newest hydroacoustic complex (gas) of the type "Star-M2" with a large-sized antenna placed in a nasal bouffer, and a towed antenna variable depth; Multifunctional radar stations for detecting air targets on medium and large altitudes (RLS "FREGAT-M2") and low-fat ("subflow") targets.

Currently, the ship is in the fighting of the Northern Fleet of the Navy of Russia. He repeatedly participated in various kinds of exercises as part of Russian ship compounds, and in joint exercises with ships of other countries, visited foreign ports with courtesy visits.

The main headquarters of the USSR Navy pierced slippery tentacles of horror: the chief committee was made everywhere atomic aircraft carrier "Enterprise", the officers in a panic were thrown out of the windows with the cries "Aviations go"! Clicking a pistol shot - a deputy head of the main headquarters was shot in his office, from the United States there are data on the bookmark of new aircraft carriers like "Nimitz" ...

If you believe the "journalistic investigations" of the last years, then the Navy of the USSR was only engaged in the fact that she was chasing the American aircraft carrier groups, for which the packages built "air murderers" - special surface and underwater ships, intended for the destruction of "enterprises", " Nimitsev "," Kitty Houdov "and other floating airfields" Probable enemy ".

Permanent tracking of the "probable opponent" is an indispensable attribute of peacetime. And no longer matters that the combat radius of decks "phantoms" is ten times more than the range of shooting of the old cruiser guns - in the event of the beginning of the war, the first move will be behind artilleryrs.

Merry cruiser PR. 68-bis is just a warm-up. In the sleeve of the Soviet Commands, real trumps are hidden - atomic submarines of projects 949 and 949a, Tu-22m missile mines, space exploration systems and anti-terror rockets of super-large range. There is a problem - there is a solution.

But were the Soviet fleet and real problems. After all, it is no coincidence that most of the Navy of the USSR Navy was classified as "big anti-submarine ships." Soviet leadership understood perfectly from whom the main threat comes - one "George Washington" with the Polaris BRPL could cause more harm than a thousand Enterprise aircraft carriers.
Completely, the dear reader, the USSR Navy was focused primarily on the search and the fight against atomic submarines of the enemy. Especially with the "killers of cities", carrying the ballistic missiles of a large range. The ocean surface continuously scanned anti-submarine aircraft IL-38 and Tu-142, in the thickness of the water, the underwater killers of 705 and 671 were digging, and legendary BODs were on duty on anti-submarine borders - the Soviet cruisers and destroyers focused on the performance of anti-submarine problems.

"Singing" frigates

Large anti-submarine ship ships 61. Full displacement of 4300 tons. Crew 270 people. Full move 35 knots. Sailing range is 3500 miles on 18 nodes.
Armament:
- 2 launchers M-1 "Wave" SPR (100 anti-aircraft missiles);

- 2 reactive bombing plants of RBU-6000 (192 depth bombs);
- 2 reactive bombing plants of RBU-1000 (48 deep bombs);
- a five-pipe torpedo unit of a 533 mm caliber;
- Helicopter platform, aviation storage (5 tons), cellar for aircraft torpedoes and gear.

A series of twenty Soviet watchdogs (5 more ships of this type were subsequently constructed for the Navy of India) of the early 60s, later referred to the BOD class. The first in the world martial vehicles With a gas turbine power, designed for all movement modes.
The project 61 became an important stage in the domestic shipbuilding - for the first time a ship was created with an aluminum corps and GTU. Two anti-aircraft missile complexes, universal artillery, reactive bombs and deep-water torpedoes - a small nice ship could apply his weapon even in a storm: sharp "smoke" housing dousers allowed BPKs easy to go against any wave.

However, some circumstances make it possible to disagree with a statement of low survivability of "singing frigates" - 480 kg of explosives and six tons of gunpowdered in the feed cellar and six tons of gunpowder, but a small ship continued to fight fire for 5 hours.

Still as part Black Sea Fleet The Navy of Russia is one ship of this type.

BPK "Mute" in the Mediterranean Sea. In the background - Igez-destroyer Navy USA "MEHEN"

Large anti-submarine ships of the project 1134a (cipher "Berkut-A")

Complete displacement of 7,500 tons. Crew 380 people. Full move 33 knots. Sailing range 5500 miles on 18 nodes.
Armament:

- 2 launchers M-11 "Storm" SPC (Boezapass 48 rockets);
- 2 Universal Automatic AK-725 Calibur AK-725 Caliber Artsystems;

- 2 RBU-6000 (192 deep bombs);

A series of ten BODs built in the period 1966 to 1977. for the USSR Navy. Simply good ships, without any special delights. Provided the Soviet naval presence in the World Ocean, regularly carried the service in the Atlantic, in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Provided military and political support to "friendly" regimes, patrolled in the zones of military conflict, was displayed on the military positions underwater strategic missile mines of the USSR Navy, ensured the combat training of the fleet, took part in shooting and naval exercises. In a word, all the fact that a warship had to do during the Cold War.

Anti-submarine Cruiser Project 1123 (Code "Condor")

Complete displacement of 15,000 tons. Crew 700 people. Full speed 28 knots. Sailing range is 6000 miles on 18 nodes.
Armament:
- Aviation group of 14 helicopters: anti-submarine ka-25pl, helicopters of long-range radar detection and target designation Ka-25TU, search and rescue machines KA-25PS.
- 4 helicopter platforms, sublocking hangar, small hangar in the aft of the superstructure, two helicopter lifts;
- anti-submarine missile complex "Whirlwind" (1 PU, 8 special windows with Yabch);
- 2 launchers M-11 "Storm" SPC (96 rockets);

- 2 universal automatic systems AK-725 caliber 57 mm.
- Initially, the ship had a torpedo weapon and 30 mm rafructural anti-aircraft gunners AK-230 (were removed during the modernization).

As a result, a "hybrid" appeared with powerful rocket weapons, the entire stern part of which was a runway with a long sublocking hangar. To detect enemy submarines, except for 14 Ka-25 helicopters on board, an orion hydroacker was in board and the towed hydroacoustic station "Vega".

The project 1123 is not BOD, but based on the appointment of the anti-sidelum cruiser and its weapons, it has the right to occupy a place among the same as "large anti-submarine ships" - an extremely blurred definition covering the varieties of the USSR Navy in size and characteristics.

In addition, by the time of entry into force of the head cruiser-helicopter monitor "Moscow", the US Navy received a new ballistic missile "Polaris A-3" with a range of 4600 km - the Washington's combat patrol area and Ethen Allenov expanded what made Countering strategic missile mines even more complex task.

The anti-submarine cruiser served almost thirty years as part of the USSR Navy, made numerous visits to the ports of friendly states ... Cuba, Angola, Yugoslavia, Yemen. The anti-submarine cruiser "Leningrad" was the flagship detachment of the USSR Navy ships during the mine clearance of the Suez Canal (1974). Both cruisers were part of the Black Sea Fleet. "Leningrad" after two major repairs finished the service in 1991, and "Moscow" was brought to the reserve in 1983, and was written off in 1997.

Project Watching Ships 1135 (Cipher "Petrel")

Complete displacement of 3200 tons. Crew 190 people. The complete stroke of 32 nodes. Sailing range 4000 miles on 14 nodes.
Armament:
- "package" PU anti-subcomplete complex "Blizzard" (4 rocket-trades);
- 2 launchers of the SAP "OSA-M" of a small range (100 rocket amplifies);
- 2 automated artists of AK-726 caliber 76 mm;
- 2 RBU-6000 (96 deep bombs);
- eight torpedo caliber 533 mm;
- Marine mines - up to 20 pcs. On the top deck.

The project 1135 was different from precursors not only with elegant appearance, but also by solid weapons, the latest means of detecting the enemy submarine, high levels Automation - "Petrels" brought the anti-sidelum defense to a qualitatively new level. A successful design has provided them with a long active service on all USSR fleets of the USSR, and two of them still remain as part of the Navy of Russia.

Objectively, due to the weakness of the air defense and lack of helicopter, the "petrel" lost in the possibilities of his famous peers - the American Frigates "Knox" and "Oliver H. Perry". But the circumstances have developed in such a way that the US Navy remembers the "Burevestnik" much better than its "Noks" and "Perry" - in 1988, the Watchdow "Unlimited" in a rude form outed the rocket cruiser Yorktown from Soviet territorial waters. Storozhevik broke the American ship of the travel boat and the launcher of the PCR "Garpun", ripped the trim in the superstructure area, deformed the helicopter platform and demolished all the leather fence on the left side.

Large anti-submarine ships of the project 1134-B (cipher "Berkut-B")

Complete displacement of 8,500 tons. Crew 430 people. The complete stroke of 32 nodes. Swimming range 7000 miles on 18 nodes.
Armament:
- 8 PU anti-pocket missile complex "Mistel";
- 2 launchers of the SPM M-11 "Storm" (ammunition 80 rockets);
- 2 launchers of the SPC "OSA-M" of a low range (100 rocket amplifies)
- 2 Universal automatic AK-726 Caliber AK-76 MM Callers;
- 2 batteries of six-power anti-aircraft guns AK-630;
- 2 RBU-6000 (144 deep bombs);
- 2 RBU-1000 (48 deep bombs);
- 2x5 torpedo apparatus of caliber 533 mm;
- Anti-submarine helicopter Ka-25Pl, deck hangar.

Constellation from seven large anti-submarine ships Navy of the USSR. Large ocean BODs with amazing combat potential - anti-submarine rocket-trades, four anti-aircraft missile systems, universal and rapid artillery, deep bombs and anti-submarine helicopter. Outstanding seaworthiness, navigation range 6500 miles - enough to move from Murmansk to New York and back. "Bukari" (as affectionately called on a fleet 1134-b) was indeed the best BODs as part of the Soviet Navy, the most balanced according to the characteristics and most fully corresponding to the tasks of the Navy.

Most BPK Ave. 1134-B carried the service on Pacific Ocean. Minipardi Sea continuously "buccari" in several anti-submarine groups, "Bukari", where there was a region of combat patrols of American strategic submarines, who were preparing to put a missile blow on Far East and Siberia.

There were big plans for the modernization of the BPK Ave. 1134-B - the modernization potential of the ships allowed to mount on their board a new anti-election missile complex "Rubb-b" and even the anti-aircraft complex C-300 of a large radius of action! In the order of the experiment, one of the BODs of this type - "Azov" received two sublissing launchers and a fire control system S-300F, and the S-300F Fire Management System was perfect. In the future, the ship's shipyard of the USSR Navy could replenish unique BODs, whose foreign analogues would appear only after 10 years. But, alas ...

Large anti-submarine ships of the project 1155 (cipher "delete")

Complete displacement of 7,500 tons. Crew 220 people. The complete move 29 nodes. Sailing range is 5000 miles on 14 nodes.
Armament:
- 8 PU Anti-Local Rocket Complex "Skin-B";
- 8 sublifting PU drum type Self-defense Self-defense "Dagger" (ammunition 64 rockets);
- 2 automated artillery guns of a 100 mm caliber;
- 2 batteries of six-power anti-aircraft guns AK-630;
- 2 RBU-6000 (96 deep bombs)
- 2x4 torpedo apparatus caliber 533 mm
- 2 helicopters ka-27pl, 2 hangars.

"Delete" was the error of the leadership of the Navy of the USSR. No, at first sight of the BPK Ave. 1155, a real shipbuilding masterpiece, equipped with a 700-ton hydroacoustic complex "Polynom", multichannel SPK "Dagger" to reflect the massive attacks of anti-workers, two helicopters and a whole set of maritime weapons - from universal artillery to self-equipped torpedo. "Delete" would have become undoubted masterpiece ... if it were not for its predecessor - 1134-b. Compared to Bucaram, BPK Ave. 1155 turned out to be a step back.

Because of the 30-meter fairing GAS "Polynom", the driving qualities and navigation of the new ship were seriously affected - the complex was too heavy for a modest BOD. Of course, Polynoma gave great opportunities in terms of detection of the enemy's concrete, which he kept at a distance of up to 25 miles, which to some extent compensated for the worsening of the seaworthy qualities of "removed". But a much more serious disadvantage was the complete absence of a medium or high range, "Dagger" had a shooting range of only 6.5 miles and could only fight with anti-religious missiles, but not with their carriers.

In the rest of the BOD Ave. 1155 was a wonderful ship with a noble line of semi-love and powerful anti-submarine weapons. Just before the collapse of the USSR, the fleet managed to get 12 large anti-submarine ships of this type. In the 1990s, only one BPK was built on a changed project 11551 - the only representative of this project "Admiral Chabanenko" retained all the advantages of Ave. 1155, but additionally received an artillery system AK-130, the anti-aircraft complexes "Kortk" and anti-workers "Mosquit" .

Conclusion

The above 90 large anti-submarine ships and anti-submarine cruisers are only "the vertex of the iceberg" of the Navy of the USSR Navy. There was a whole system of basic patrol aviation with hundreds of anti-submarine airplanes and helicopters. Ocean's expanses Frozedi ordinary trawls with unusual trawls - disguised anti-submarine patrols with a multi-kilometer low-precious antenna stretching (try to prove that it was not trawl!) There were a lot of nerves to American sailors.

Fantastic projects were developed, such as atomic BOD project 1199 Anchar. Moreover, all four heavy aviance cruisers of the project 1143 carried on their decks a squadron of anti-submarine helicopters and had a solid complex of anti-submarine arms on board (Malno Grand Guck and Anti-Rocket Rockets "Vortex" with nuclear combat units). So, contrary to the famous myth, during the passage through the Bosphorus, the Soviet sailors did not even deceive the Turkish representatives, calling their aviance cruisers with antiwriter ships.

By the way, Naval The United States developed at exactly the same scenario - the Americans were afraid of death by Soviet submarines, because they planned the ship's composition of their fleet at the rate of "one frigate per Russian boat". World Hydroacoustic Sosus System for Submarine Tracking, FRAMM Programs for Transformation of Hundreds of Outdated Esminists into anti-submarine ships, huge series of anti-submarine frigates "Knox" and "Oliver H. Perry", Unique Esming type "Sprewish" with hypertrophic anti-submarine, but without systems Zone air defense is simply American "twins" BPK Ave. 1155 "Delete".

It remains to add that the idea of \u200b\u200bthe "big anti-submarine ship" died with the advent of intercontinental ballistic launch missiles with a range of 10,000 km. From now on, strategic missiles could launch rockets from the territorial waters of their state.

Built in 1992 on the project 1155.1. It is served on the northern fleet at number 650. Wears the name of the Soviet Admiral Chabanenko Andrei Trofimovich.

The task of the ship is opposition to the underwater and surface enemy forces.

History of creating BOD

In the 70s, countries having naval forces concluded that the construction of specialized ships specialized for the specific task is too expensive. Therefore, it was decided to build multipurpose courts, including Soviet designers. So the project 1155 was born to create a multipurpose ship.

However, some production and technical problems stood on the way of this idea. Nevertheless, in the late 1980s, the USSR began work on the project 1155, the result of which a large anti-submarine ship was to become.

V. P. Mishina was instructed to lead the work. After the head of the head of the head in this series of BOD, "Dailed", Mishin engaged in the modernization of this series. The first design sketches presented a completely different ship, externally similar to "removed", but still different from him.

But it was the first impression. The main innovations were hidden from a prying view. The building contained a modern energy installation, a powerful hydroacoustics complex, general system Control of the air defense of the ship and other combat systems created on the digital element base. In essence, it was new projectfocused on US destroyers "Orly Berk" and "Spristen".

According to the statement of the chief designer of the project 1155 Mishina V. P., the Soviet multipurpose ship did not infuriate the American "Orly Berk" by the American "Orly", and in some issues could even give him odds.

At the end of 1992, the BOD was lowered. By tradition, he was given the name of one of the famous Soviet fleets.

To whom the ship is obliged to be his name

The big anti-submarine ship is obliged by the commander of the Northern Fleet A. T. Chabanenko, which occupied this position from 1952 to 1962.

Andrei Trofimovich was born in Ukraine on October 17, 1909. From youth tied his fate with a military fleet. After the naval school, he served as an officer on submarines (pl) of the Black Sea Fleet.

In 24, he was entrusted by the command of submarine on the Pacific Fleet. In five years, the division of the PL was already in his submission, and in 1940 - a brigade.

In 35, Chabanenko received the title of counter-admiral.

After the war, Andrei Trofimovich passes academic courses at the Naval Academy and is appointed by the commander of the South Sakhalin naval base. At the end of 1947, the officer is sent to the Academy of General Staff. After her end, he accepted the command of the Northern Fleet.

During the command, the Fleet, Chabanenko, conducted a great job on the deployment of naval databases, developed the tactics of the actions of PL and worked it almost, prepared and conducted the first polar trips to atomic pl.

State tests

In 1995, the ADMIRAL CHABANENKO BOD was launched on the running tests, the delivery of which was stretched for many years. The financial support of them quickly dried up, and the ship spent several years to "joke" at the wall of the Yantar plant.

Only the intervention of the GSC committee Admiral Kuroyedov shifted a question from the dead point. Immediately resolved issues of financing. State testations were held at the highest level. Everything you needed in the shortest possible time.

The Baltic Fleet allocated a submarine, surface ships, aviation to test the tactical and technical data of the new BOD. All types of shooting were carried out, all systems were checked, including air defense checked by the ship's shipyard by all kinds of aircraft. Ka-27 helicopters successfully checked the correspondence of the runway standards.

After a safely ending epic with state tests, the ship was sent to the Northern Fleet to pass further service.

Technical Equipment and Chart

"Admiral Chabanenko" - a ship capable of autonomous swimming for 30 days. Movement can be carried out in two modes: marching and foresight. For this, the BODs have two-wing gas turbine power plants such as Cogag: two march M-63 9 thousand liters. from. And two fresome M8KF on 22 thousand liters. from.

Energy installations allow you to develop the maximum running speed in 32 nodes. In economical mode, the speed is 18 nodes.

Standard is 7700 tons, full - 8900 tons.

The distance from the nose to the stern "Admiral Chabanenko" is 163.4 m. The width of the vessel - 19.5 m.

On the stern there are two runways for anti-submarine helicopters of the Ka-27 type.

The crew of the ship consists of 296 people.

Modernization of the armament of the anti-submarine ship of the project 1155

When designing a ship, designers tried to take into account the disadvantages of the BPK "removed" created under the project 1155.

First of all, attention was drawn to weapons. As a result, they abandoned two artillery settings (AU) by a 100 mm caliber, replacing them on a paired 130 mm installation. A replacement of the anti-herine rocket complex (PLRK) "Miskit" with the anti-worker missile complex "Moskit".

Replaced 533 mm on anti-submarine RK "Waterfall".

Anti-aircraft weapons were reinforced by the anti-aircraft missile complex "Kortk". 30 mm Installation AK-630 was removed from the project.

The hydroacoustic complex (gas) "Polynom" was also replaced by a more advanced "Star-2".

Armament of the BOD project 1155.1

BOD has modern weapons reflecting his multipurpose essence.

First of all, it is "waterfall-NK" with two rocket-torpedo PU - anti-submarine complex.

The rockets of the complex are controlled by a hydroacoustic compartment of the gas. There are two types of combat part: rocket 84p / pH - a deep bomb with a nuclear warhead, 83r / pH - a small universal torpedo.

The complex is able to hit the target at a distance of 37-50 km.

Complex "Breav-1" protects the ship from the torpedo and opponent's sabersants. Presented by a 10-barreled rocket-bomb installation that has a device for automatic charging and discharge.

The target is on the target performs gas. The goal is neutralized for a range of 3 km and a depth of 600 meters 111SO, 111SS, 111 s.

PU VZK "Dagger" represents a multichannel autonomous complex. It is capable of protecting the ship from the massive attack from the air. Admires his versatility of the defeat of any air targets, starting with aircraft and ending with controlled and unmanaged bombs.

In the "Dagger" uses a multifunctional radar PRC S-300F. At the same time, the target designation is made by a complex from any radar ship. It is able to affect up to four targets in the 60 degree sector.

BOD "Admiral Chabanenko" is equipped with an anti-aircraft missile artillery complex "Kortk". The complex protects the ship from high-precision weapons and aviation. It is possible to use it for the defeat of small-sized targets on the sea and land.

The complex is fully automated. The radius of its action depends on the type of purpose and the applied weapons and is 4-8 km.

Radioelectronic armament of the ship

Modern anti-submarine ships of Russia blinds and deaf without radio-electronic weapons.

Under this concept hide various systemsproviding navigation, detection and guidance on the purpose of missiles, warning about laser irradiation, etc.

For example, the combat information and control system (Bius) "Lesorb-55" serves to work out in the automatic recommendations of the crew to the most efficient use of the ship's capabilities and its weapons.

The Radar Station "Fregat-Ma" controls the air and surface space around the BOD. Having found a goal, gives the command to fighter means to reflect the attack of the enemy. It works efficiently even with intense radio counter.

Also, the ship is equipped with a Corvette control system, "Course-10A-1" and "Course-10A-2" gyrocompace systems.

The Communication Communication Communication "Crystal" and the Sightsence Station "Sight-A" provide communication in any conditions. Station "Sight-A" allowed to have a steady connection with any point of the world.

Service on the Northern Fleet of the Navy of Russia

From the moment of acceptance and to today, the BOD "Admiral Chabanenko" protects the northern sea frontiers of Russia as part of the Northern Fleet at number 650.

During the service, Admiral Chabanenko showed a high speech of the crew on the exercises. The exercises took place not only in the composition of the ship's shipments of Russia, but also with foreign ships (for example, the exercises "Virus-2008).

Repeatedly visited foreign ports as part of the court of courtesy.

Again on a long "joke"

Currently, Admiral Chabanenko is repaired at ship repair factory No. 35.

Unfortunately, repairs remind the times of passing the ship of state test: shipbuilders call a three-year repair period. That is, at best, the ship will be in the ranks not earlier than 2017.

The Soviet Navy in the mid-1980s had a powerful grouping of Middle Class warships capable of performing various combat missions anywhere in the world's ocean. Large anti-submarine ships and guardianship, converging from the stocks of Soviet shipbuilding factories, had rather large displacement, powerful and developed weapons. Despite the fact that in the classification of the USSR Navy, such ships were related to the BOD and the SCR, in the West they were immediately attributed to the class of frigates, universal combat vessels. A special place in this list is occupied by the BOD project of 1155 of the "Delete" type, which included the USSR Navy and continue to remain as part of the domestic fleet today.

In the late 1980s, the ship type "removed" "Admiral Vinogradov" and the frigate "Marshal Shaposhnikov" are part of the combat ships of the Tov. Today, after almost 30 years, the ships of this type have not lost their combat significance.

Disseminated in the class of frigates, eight ships of the "delete" type remain in the Northern and Pacific Fleet.. The ship type block 1155 "Admiral Panteleev" is the last 12 ship in the series. The upcoming modernization of ships will significantly extend their service life, turning into full-fledged combat units of the modern Russian Navy. The development of the first Soviet frigate was the project ship 1155.1 "Admiral Chabanenko", lowered on the water after the union collapsed and the composition of the Russian Navy in 1992.

After descending into the water of the first ship, the subsequent construction of the remaining 3-ships of the series was discontinued. The BPK "Admiral Chabanenko" was already found in the classification of NATO to the class of destroyers.

HISTORY OF BIRTH BODE OF PROJECT 1155

The Soviet Union, starting from the mid-60s, actively began to commission the combat vessels at once two classes, large anti-submarine ships and guard ships. Built on Soviet shipyards, ships were universal ships and in their tactical and technical characteristics did not have analogues in foreign fleets. However, time does not stand still and the operational-tactical situation at sea required the creation of a new, more perfect ship. The subsequent development of the BOD class and the SCR in the Navy became the project 1155.

Having obtained the technical task of the country's senior naval leadership, the designers of the Northern PCB in the development of project documentation did not to be invented by a bike. Solomon's decision was made to use the best of the previous projects, the Burevestnik type guard and BPDs of the Berkut type 1134a project. Both types of vessels have proven its effectiveness in practice, having good seaworthy qualities and wide battle.

The impetus to the creation of a new project was the commissioning of the American fleet of new submarines capable of secretly acting on maritime communications and near the databases and deployment sites of the Navy of the USSR. The new ship was supposed to have better vision and increased autonomy of navigation. In addition, the question of equipping the martial vessel with an effective protection against anti-develop missiles was acute. The fighting in the Falkland Islands in the summer of 1982 between Great Britain and Argentina clearly showed the defense of the defense of combat ships from air strikes.

To the note: an excellent example of the weakness of martial vessels in the face of the threat of a rocket strike was the sumps of the British Esmina "Sheffield" during the fighting in the Falkland (Malvinian) islands. A fully modern ship of the fleet of Her Majesty Esminets Uro "Sheffield" burned down from the hitting of the Rocket "Ecosette", released from the Argentine bomber.

In addition to new radio electronic equipment and air defense systems, new ship It was supposed to have a greater diving range. Operational tasks that have stuck in front of the Soviet fleet demanded that the fight against submarines and the ships of the likely enemy at a significant removal of the fleet bases.

The result of a long and fruitful work of the Leningrad designers was the appearance of the BOD of the project 1155 with the "Delete" cipher. In the classification of NATO new soviet ship Still at the development stage, the Udaloy index was received and was counted for the class of frigates. The ships of an improved project 1155.1 "Admiral Chabanenko" received the index "Udaloy II".

What was a new project of the project 1155 of the "Frigate" type

Creating a new ship, designers received an indication to make the ships go to a series at the production facilities of Soviet shipbuilding plants without delays and wires. In this regard, many nodes and aggregates of the new BOD were similar in their parameters to parts and nodes of the previous project 1134a. Water displacement of the ship was also in the permissible parameters - 4,200 tons.

The only thing to change is to significantly increase the original sizes of the ship. To install a new hydroacoustic station, a large-length housing was required. In all the rest, the new BPD of the project 1155 strongly resembled large anti-submarine ships of the "Berkut" type. Combat equipment was reinforced with anti-submarine helicopter and anti-submarine systems. The highlight of the project was the updated radar and a hydroacoustic complex. It was decided to create a larger displacement vessel, without looking at the production capabilities of the shipyard of the plant "Amber".

On the project ships, the air defense system is significantly strengthened, which instead of the traditional anti-aircraft missile complex "OSA" was equipped with perfect SPK "Dagger". The number of 30-mm anti-aircraft guns was increased to four pieces. Starting from the 8th on the account of the Great Sittal Ship of the project of the project 1155 Severomorsk, the former "Simferopol", on all subsequent serial vessels put new materials in the design. This made it possible to significantly extend the life of vessels.

Note: At the last stage of project development, a number of radical decisions were taken. On the frigates of the project 1155 two helicopters should be based. The ship was additionally equipped with another one of the radar tracking complexes. It was necessary to significantly increase other tactical and technical characteristics of combat vessels. The final appearance of the project accepted in 1976. It was already a ship with a displacement of 7,000 tons. Motor installation, possessed with a capacity of 62000 hp, with the ability to increase to 80 thousand hp Accordingly, the ship had to increase the maximum speed speed, up to 29 nodes. The main difference of the new type motor installation is the ability to quickly go to the formed mode of operation.

As a result, a combat vessel was obtained, similar to the main TTX with Bard-type BPD only in a completely different level. The appearance of the ship was greatly changed. New radar significantly reduced the area of \u200b\u200bthe add-in. On the stern of the frigate, a significant place was given to the helicopter hangar. More displacement made it possible to install on the "delete" already two artillery systems AK-100 and AK-630.

The Kaliningrad Shipbuilding Plant "Amber" was becoming a place of bookmarks and build a head vessel. Built the ship for almost three years. In 1980, the head ship was launched on the water and from January 1981 he was listed as part of the Northern Fleet. Almost simultaneously with the head ship on the shipyards of CVD. Zhdanov was laid the first serial ship of a large anti-submarine ship of the project 1155 "Vice - Admiral Kulakov". Unlike the prototype, the firstborn of the series was built much longer. Already during the operation of the head ship, designers along the construction of a serial sample introduced adjustments and changes to the project documentation. The construction was carried out intense pace up to the water to the water of the last serial ship of this project "Admiral Panteleev". It was followed by a bookmark and a descent on the water of almost another vessel, the frigate "Admiral Chabanenko".

It was decided to use for the construction of not only the power of the Kaliningrad CVD "Amber", but also to connect to the serial construction of the shipyards of the shipbuilding plant. Zhdanov in Leningrad. On the Leningrad shipyard, four units of this project were built. After descending to the water of the 12th on the account of the serial ship of the project 1155 "Admiral Panteleev", the final point in the history of the ships of this class was the appearance of an improved version of the "delete, ship ship 1155.1" in the history of the Russian fleet. A more powerful anti-Development Complex "Mosquito" and the newest anti-submarine complex "Waterfall" at that time were installed on the vessel. The large anti-submarine ship of the project 1155.1 "Admiral Chabanenko" was the only one, ships-lowered vehicles. The incomplete construction of the frigates of the type "Delete II" became swan songs in epic with construction for the domestic fleet of the Fregat class ships. Already the last serial ship of the project 1155 "Admiral Panteleev" was practically a ship of another class, more similar to combat characteristics with the destroyers.

Combat Service of Project Ships 1155 as part of the Navy of Russia

To date, the first Soviet frigates constitute the basis of the combat compounds of the Northern and Pacific Fleet. The very first serial project of the project 1155, the modernized frigate "Vice-Admiral Kulakov", is also in the ranks of the Northern Fleet.

In the modern Russian fleet, the ships of this project took over the fulfillment of the functions of the destroyers. Due to the lack of the Fleet of the destroyers in the mid-1990s, the most surviving vessels of cardinal modernization was taken. The result of the improved improvements was the emergence of almost new ships, more similar to the combat potential for the destroyers. Accordingly, combat missions that were updated ships were changed. Due to the fact that the Fleet contains a fairly large number of vessels of this type, it was decided to carry out planned repairs and the modernization of frigates. So while the frigate "Marshal Shaposhnikov" was repaired, his fellow project ship 1155 "Admiral Panteleev" participated in military exercises in the Pachet Ocean, carried out a long service as part of the compounds of the Russian fleet in the Mediterranean Sea. Distinctive feature The combat service of the ships of this class is their intensive operation. From the whole ship's composition of the Northern and Pacific Fleet, these combat vessels carry out the largest work. The ships of the Northern Fleet in the new millennium were actively involved in the fight against piracy. Large anti-submarine ship of the project 1155 "Severomorsk" for a long time carried out patrols of ships off the coast of East Africa. His fellow Frigate "Admiral Harlamov" has repeatedly participated in combat campaigns, clearly demonstrating the military presence of the Navy of Russia on the oceanic expanses.

What to say, the drum aircraft carrier "Enterprise" - the target is notable. Large, with a huge combat potential. But very vulnerable - for the "exit from the game", the aircraft carrier sometimes just one unexplored rocket of a 127 mm caliber. But what will happen if on the flight deck "Enterprise" a fire squall of 100 and 152 mm calibers will be collected? - The Soviet cruiser running in direct visibility tirelessly holds an aircraft carrier on the sight. Permanent tracking of the "probable opponent" an indispensable attribute of peacetime. And no longer matters that the combat radius of decks "phantoms" is ten times more than the range of shooting of the old cruiser guns - in the event of the beginning of the war, the first move will be behind artilleryrs.

But were the Soviet fleet and real problems. After all, it is no coincidence that most of the surface forces of the USSR Navy were classified as "big anti-submarine ships." Soviet leadership understood perfectly from whom the main threat comes - one "George Washington" with the Polaris BRPL could cause more harm than a thousand Enterprise aircraft carriers.
Completely, the dear reader, the USSR Navy was focused primarily on the search and the fight against atomic submarines of the enemy. Especially with the "killers of cities", carrying the ballistic missiles of a large range. The ocean surface continuously scanned anti-submarine aircraft IL-38 and Tu-142, in the thickness of the water, the underwater killers of 705 and 671 were digging, and legendary BODs were on duty on anti-submarine borders - the Soviet cruisers and destroyers focused on the performance of anti-submarine problems.

Singing frigates

A series of twenty * Soviet watchdogs of the early 60s, later referred to the class of BOD. The world's first combat ships with a gas turbine power plant intended for all movement modes.
The project 61 became an important stage in the domestic shipbuilding - for the first time a ship was created with an aluminum corps and GTU. Two anti-aircraft missile complexes, universal artillery, reactive bombs and deep-water torpedoes - a small nice ship could apply its even in a storm: sharp "smoke" housing dousers allowed BPK easy to go against any wave.
* Another 5 ships of this type were subsequently built for India Navy

There were also disadvantages: sailors complained about high noise in Kubricks - a powerful roar of gas turbines penetrated into each room, making a service on the BPK Ave. 61 with a fairly affected event. But much more serious was the question of the vitality of the ship - the fears were confirmed in 1974, when the BPK "Device" was killed on the raid of Sevastopol - after the bang of the rocket cellar, the fire quickly spread around the ship, a crash in its path of closure bulkheads from aluminum-magnesium alloy AMG.
However, some circumstances make it possible to disagree with a statement of low survivability of "singing frigates" - 480 kg of explosives and six tons of gunpowdered in the feed cellar and six tons of gunpowder, but a small ship continued to fight fire for 5 hours.

Until now, in the Black Sea Fleet of the Navy of Russia, one ship of this type is listed.

BOD "Musty" in the Mediterranean Sea. In the background - Igeis-destroyer VMS USA "MEHEN"

Large anti-submarine ships of the project 1134a (cipher "Berkut-A")

A series of ten BODs built in the period 1966 to 1977. for the USSR Navy. Just good ships, without any special delights. Provided the Soviet naval presence in the World Ocean, regularly carried the service in the Atlantic, in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Provided military and political support to "friendly" regimes, patrolled in the zones of military conflict, was displayed on the military positions underwater strategic missile mines of the USSR Navy, ensured the combat training of the fleet, took part in shooting and naval exercises. In a word, all the fact that a warship had to do during the Cold War.

Anti-submarine Cruiser Project 1123 (Code "Condor")

Complete displacement of 15,000 tons. Crew 700 people. Full speed 28 knots. Sailing range is 6000 miles on 18 nodes.
Armament:
- Aviation group of 14 helicopters: anti-submarine ka-25pl, high radar detection helicopters, ka 25tz, search and rescue machines Ka-25PS.
- 4 helicopter platforms, sublocking hangar, small hangar in the aft of the superstructure, two helicopter lifts;
- anti-submarine missile complex "Whirlwind" (1 PU, 8 special windows with Yabch);
- 2 launchers M-11 "Storm" SPC (96 rockets);

- 2 Universal automatic systems of AK-725 caliber 57 mm.
- Initially, the ship had a torpedo weapon and 30 mm rafructural anti-aircraft gunners AK-230 (were removed during the modernization).

The anti-submarine cruiser "Moscow" and "Leningrad" became the first aircraft carriers (helicopters) of the USSR navy. The reason for the appearance of these large ships was to enter the combat duty of American strategic rocket people like "George Washington" - 16 ballistic missiles "Polaris A-1" with a range of 2,200 km have frightened the USSR leadership.
As a result, a "hybrid" appeared with powerful rocket weapons, the entire stern part of which was a runway with a long sublocking hangar. To detect enemy submarines, except for 14 Ka-25 helicopters on board, an orion hydroacker was in board and the towed hydroacoustic station "Vega".

The main disadvantage of "Moscow" and "Leningrad" turned out during the first combat services on anti-submarine borders. Total 4 helicopter sites (the space deck space, where runway operations can be carried out) and 14 helicopters turned out to be too small to provide a 24-hour anti-submarine patrol over the specified area of \u200b\u200bthe ocean. In addition, by the time of entry into force of the head cruiser-helicopter monitor "Moscow", the US Navy received a new ballistic missile "Polaris A-3" with a range of 4600 km - the Washington's combat patrol area and Ethen Allenov expanded what made Countering strategic missile mines even more complex task.

The anti-submarine cruiser served almost thirty years as part of the USSR Navy, made numerous visits to the ports of friendly states ... Cuba, Angola, Yugoslavia, Yemen. The anti-submarine cruiser "Leningrad" was the flagship detachment of the USSR Navy ships during the mine clearance of the Suez Canal (1974).
Both cruisers were part of the Black Sea Fleet. "Leningrad" after two major repairs finished the service in 1991, and "Moscow" was brought to the reserve in 1983, and was written off in 1997.

Project Watching Ships 1135 (Cipher "Petrel")

A series of 32 watchdogs (until 1977 was classified as a BPK II rank for solving a wide range of tasks to ensure anti-submarine and air defense of ships compounds in open marine areas and a littoral zone, conservoir wiring in areas of local armed conflicts and the protection of territorial waters.
The project 1135 was distinguished from precursors not only with elegant appearance, but also by solid weapons, the latest means of detecting the enemy submarine, a high level of automation - "petrels" brought the anti-sidelive defense to a qualitatively new level. A successful design has provided them with a long active service on all USSR fleets of the USSR, and two of them still remain as part of the Navy of Russia.

UKR "Petrel" and USS Yorktown (CG-48)

Large anti-submarine ships of the project 1134-B (cipher "Berkut-B")

Most BPK Ave. 1134-B has served in the Pacific Ocean. Minimized by the Philippine Sea continuously "sidelongated", "Bukari", where the combat patrol area of \u200b\u200bAmerican strategic submarines were preparing a rocket blow to the Far East and Siberia.

Large anti-submarine ships of the project 1155 (cipher "delete")

Complete displacement of 7,500 tons. Crew 220 people. The complete move 29 nodes. Sailing range is 5000 miles on 14 nodes.
Armament:

8 PU Anti-Local Rocket Complex "Skin-B";
- 8 sublifting PU drum type Self-defense Self-defense "Dagger" (ammunition 64 rockets);
- 2 automated artillery guns of a 100 mm caliber;
- 2 batteries of six-power anti-aircraft guns AK-630;
- 2 RBU-6000 (96 deep bombs)
- 2x4 torpedo apparatus caliber 533 mm
- 2 helicopters ka-27pl, 2 hangars.

"Delete" was the error of the leadership of the Navy of the USSR.
No, at first sight of the BPK Ave. 1155, a real shipbuilding masterpiece, equipped with a 700-ton hydroacoustic complex "Polynom", multichannel SPK "Dagger" to reflect the massive attacks of anti-workers, two helicopters and a whole set of maritime weapons - from universal artillery to self-equipped torpedo.
"Delete" would have become undoubted masterpiece ... if it were not for its predecessor - 1134-b. Compared to Bucaram, BPK Ave. 1155 turned out to be a step back.

In the rest of the BOD Ave. 1155 was a wonderful ship with a noble line of semi-love and powerful anti-submarine weapons. Just before the collapse of the USSR, the fleet managed to get 12 large anti-submarine ships of this type.
In the 1990s, only one BPK was built on a changed project 11551 - the only representative of this project "Admiral Chabanenko" retained all the advantages of Ave. 1155, but additionally received an artillery system AK-130, the anti-aircraft complexes "Kortk" and anti-workers "Mosquit" .

Conclusion

By the way, the US naval forces developed at exactly the same scenario - the Americans were afraid of the Soviet submarines before death, because they planned the ship composition of their fleet at the rate of "one frigate per Russian boat". World Hydroacoustic Sosus System for Submarine Tracking, FRAMM Programs for Transformation of Hundreds of Outdated Esminists into anti-submarine ships, huge series of anti-submarine frigates "Knox" and "Oliver H. Perry", Unique Esming type "Sprewish" with hypertrophic anti-submarine, but without systems Zone air defense is simply American "twins" BPK Ave. 1155 "Delete".