Monument to Volodya Dubinin in Kerch. brave heart
On February 11, 1930, Valya Kotik was born - the youngest Hero of the Soviet Union, a young partisan intelligence officer. Along with him, many children performed exploits during the war. We decided to remember a few more pioneer heroes of World War II.
Valya Kotik
1. Valya Kotik was born into a peasant family in the village of Khmelevka, Shepetovsky district in the Kamenets-Podolsk region of Ukraine. This territory was occupied by German troops. When the war began, Valya had just entered the sixth grade. However, he accomplished many feats. At first, he worked to collect weapons and ammunition, drew and posted caricatures of the Nazis. Then the teenager was entrusted with more significant work. The boy's record includes work as a messenger in an underground organization, several battles in which he was wounded twice, and a break in the telephone cable through which the invaders communicated with Hitler's headquarters in Warsaw. In addition, Valya blew up six railway trains and a warehouse, and in October 1943, while on patrol, he threw grenades at an enemy tank, killed a German officer and warned the detachment in time about the attack, thereby saving the lives of the soldiers. The boy was mortally wounded in the battle for the city of Izyaslav on February 16, 1944. 14 years later he was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union. In addition, he was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order Patriotic War I degree and medals “Partisan of the Patriotic War” II degree.
Peter Klypa
2. When the war began, Petya Klypa was fifteen years old. On June 21, 1941, Petya, together with his friend Kolya Novikov, a boy a year or a year and a half older than him, who was also a student in the music production plant, watched a movie in the Brest Fortress. It was especially crowded there. In the evening, Petya decided not to return home, but to spend the night in the barracks with Kolya, and the next morning the boys were going to go fishing. They did not yet know that they would wake up amid roaring explosions, seeing blood and death around them... The assault on the fortress began on June 22 at three o'clock in the morning. Petya, who jumped out of bed, was thrown against the wall by the explosion. He hit himself hard and lost consciousness. Having come to his senses, the boy immediately grabbed the rifle. He coped with his anxiety and helped his older comrades in everything. In the following days of defense, Petya went on reconnaissance, carried ammunition and medical supplies for the wounded. All the time, risking his life, Petya carried out difficult and dangerous tasks, participated in battles and at the same time was always cheerful, cheerful, constantly humming some kind of song, and the very sight of this daring, cheerful boy raised the spirit of the fighters and added strength to them. What can we say: from childhood he chose a military vocation for himself, looking at his older brother-lieutenant, and wanted to become a commander of the Red Army (from the book by S.S. Smirnov “ Brest Fortress" - 1965) By 1941, Petya had already served in the army for several years as a graduate of the regiment and during this time he became a real military man.When the situation in the fortress became hopeless, they decided to send children and women into captivity to try to save them. When Petya was told about this, the boy was outraged. “Am I not a Red Army soldier?” he asked the commander indignantly. Later, Petya and his comrades managed to swim across the river and break through the German ring. He was taken prisoner, and even there Petya was able to distinguish himself. The guys were assigned to a large column of prisoners of war, which was being led across the Bug under strong escort. They were filmed by a group of German cameramen for military chronicles. Suddenly, all black with dust and gunpowder soot, a half-naked and bloodied boy, walking in the first row of the column, raised his fist and threatened directly at the camera lens. It must be said that this act seriously infuriated the Germans. The boy was almost killed. But he remained alive and lived for a long time.
It's hard to get my head around it, but young hero was imprisoned for not informing on a comrade who committed a crime. He spent seven of his required 25 years in Kolyma.
Vilor Chekmak
3. Partisan resistance fighter Vilor Chekmak had just finished 8th grade at the beginning of the war. The boy had a congenital heart disease, despite this, he went to war. A 15-year-old teenager saved Sevastopol at the cost of his life partisan detachment. On November 10, 1941, he was on patrol. The guy noticed the approach of the enemy. Having warned the squad about the danger, he alone took the battle. Vilor fired back, and when the cartridges ran out, he allowed the enemies to approach him and blew himself up along with the Nazis with a grenade. He was buried in the cemetery of WWII veterans in the village of Dergachi near Sevastopol. After the war, Vilor’s birthday became the Day of Young Defenders of Sevastopol.
Arkady Kamanin
4. Arkady Kamanin was the youngest pilot of World War II. He started flying when he was only 14 years old. This is not at all surprising, given that before the boy’s eyes was the example of his father - the famous pilot and military leader N.P. Kamanin. Arkady was born on Far East, and subsequently fought on several fronts: Kalinin - from March 1943; 1st Ukrainian - from June 1943; 2nd Ukrainian - from September 1944. The boy flew to division headquarters, to regimental command posts, and delivered food to the partisans. The teenager was given his first award at the age of 15 - it was the Order of the Red Star. Arkady saved the pilot who crashed an Il-2 attack aircraft in no man's land. Later he was also awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The boy died at the age of 18 from meningitis. During his, albeit short, life, he flew more than 650 missions and logged 283 hours of flight time.
Lenya Golikov
5. Another young Hero of the Soviet Union - Lenya Golikov - was born in the Novgorod region. When the war came, he graduated from seven classes. Leonid was a scout of the 67th detachment of the fourth Leningrad partisan brigade. He participated in 27 combat operations. Leni Golikov killed 78 Germans, he destroyed 2 railway and 12 highway bridges, 2 food and feed warehouses and 10 vehicles with ammunition. In addition, he was accompanying a food convoy that was being transported to besieged Leningrad.The feat of Leni Golikov in August 1942 is especially famous. On the 13th, he was returning from reconnaissance from the Luga-Pskov highway, not far from the village of Varnitsa, Strugokrasnensky district. The boy threw a grenade and blew up a car with German Engineering Major General Richard von Wirtz. The young Hero died in battle on January 24, 1943.
Volodya Dubinin
6. Volodya Dubinin died at the age of 15. The pioneer hero was a member of a partisan detachment in Kerch. Together with two other guys, he carried ammunition, water, food to the partisans, and went on reconnaissance missions.In 1942, the boy volunteered to help his adult comrades - sappers. They cleared the approaches to the quarries. An explosion occurred - a mine exploded, and along with it one of the sappers and Volodya Dubinin. The boy was buried in the partisan grave. He was posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
The city was named in honor of Volodya, streets in several populated areas, made a film and wrote two books.
Marat with his sister Ariadna
7. Marat Kazei was 13 years old when his mother died, and he and his sister joined the partisan detachment. The Germans hanged my mother, Anna Kazei, in Minsk because she hid wounded partisans and treated them.Marat's sister, Ariadne, had to be evacuated - the girl froze both legs when the partisan detachment left the encirclement, and they had to be amputated. However, the boy refused to be evacuated and remained in service. For courage and courage in battles, he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage” (wounded, raised the partisans to attack) and “For Military Merit.” The young partisan died when he was blown up by a grenade. The boy blew himself up so as not to surrender and not bring trouble to the residents of a nearby village.
Very soon many countries of the world and, of course, Russia will be celebrating the “holiday with tears in our eyes”Victory Day.
On the pages of the blog I began to talk about the exploits of children, pioneer heroes (in the first message you can read about the exploit of Marat Kazei).
| http://stat.mil.ru/index.htm |
Today, turning to the heroic pages of the history of our Fatherland, I would like my students = our children to admire the Personalities, Heroes, Great Creators.
At the age of 12, I read Lev Kassil’s story “The Street of the Youngest Son”, and later watched the film of the same name (directed by Lev Golub, produced by “Belarusfilm”, 1962). The hero of the book is Volodya Dubinin, a 14-year-old pioneer who became a scout during the Great Patriotic War.
On the Crimean peninsula there is the city of Kerch, a hero city.
Here, on August 29, 1927, a son, Volodya, was born into the family of Nikifor Semyonovich and Evdokia Timofeevna Dubinin. Nikifor Dubinin fought against the whites in a partisan detachment during the Civil War, and later became a sailor. He worked both on the Black Sea and in the Arctic, so the family managed to travel around the country.
In 1936, Volodya went to school. Volodya was interested in sports, drawing, and amateur performances. At the House of Pioneers he was involved in an aircraft modeling club and his models were always the best. For his active social work and good studies, he was sent to rest at Artek.
The Great Patriotic War broke out. His father, sailor Nikifor Semyonovich, went to the front, and Volodya, his mother and sister Valya moved temporarily to their relatives in the village of Old Karantin, located six kilometers from Kerch (infirst months of the war fascist troops were already approaching Kerch. Residents of the city were actively preparing for the underground struggle).
Volodya Dubinin also dreamed of fighting the occupiers. With the capture of Kerch, the partisans went to the Starokarantinsky underground quarries near the city. Already on November 7, 1941, an underground partisan fortress appeared in the deep depths. It was from here that the partisans made their forays.
The partisans loved 12-year-old Volodya; for them he was their common son. Volodya Dubinin went on reconnaissance missions with his friends Tolya Kovalev and Vanya Gritsenko. Young scouts provided valuable information about the location of enemy units and the number of German troops. The partisans, relying on this data, planned their military operations. Intelligence helped the detachment in December 1941 to give a worthy rebuff to the punitive forces. In the adits during the battle, Volodya Dubinin brought ammunition to the soldiers, and then replaced the seriously wounded soldier.
Volodya was short, so he could get out through very narrow manholes. Thanks to Volodya’s data, Soviet artillery suppressed the points of the German division that were rushing to Stalingrad. For this he was awarded the Order of the Red Star.
The Nazis tried to destroy the partisans: they walled up and mined all the entrances to the quarry. During these terrible days, Volodya Dubinin showed great courage and resourcefulness. The boy organized a group of young pioneer scouts. The guys climbed to the surface through secret passages and collected the information the partisans needed. One day Volodya learned that the Germans had decided to flood the quarries with water. The partisans managed to build dams from stone.
The young intelligence officer helped track down signal saboteurs, was on duty on rooftops during air raid raids, and helped build bomb shelters. A serious test for Volodya was the day when a fascist bomb hit home school. He saw books burning teaching aids, and on this day I understood with particular force what war is...
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At the end of December 1941, paratroopers liberated Kerch. The partisans knew about this, but they could not reach the surface, there were mines all around. Military units began clearing mine passages. And here again the pioneers came to the aid of the elders. Volodya Dubinin climbed to the surface through a familiar hole and showed the sappers where the mines were installed.
On the eve of 1942, the command assigned the task of scout Dubinin to get to the Adzhimushkai quarries and contact the partisan detachment based there.
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| http://vseprootpusk.ru/kerch |
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But when Volodya went to carry out the order, he came across... Soviet soldiers. These were naval landing soldiers who liberated Kerch during the Kerch-Feodosia operation.
| Artist V.A. Print. Landing in Feodosia http://www.zorich.ru/index.asp |
The joy of Volodya and his comrades knew no bounds. But the Nazis surrounded the Starokarantinsky quarries with a network of minefields, and the partisans could not leave them. The adults were physically unable to leave where Volodya was leaving.
And then Volodya volunteered to be a guide for the sappers. The first day of mine clearance was successful, but on January 4, 1942, at about 10 a.m., a thunderclap thundered at the entrance to the quarries. powerful explosion. Four sappers and Volodya Dubinin were blown up by a mine.
The dead sappers and Volodya were buried in a mass partisan grave in the Youth Park of Kerch.
Posthumously, Vladimir Dubinin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
The city of Kerch still faced fierce fighting, a second occupation and the long-awaited final liberation on April 11, 1944.
In 1973, Kerch was awarded the title “Hero City”.
In the battles for Kerch, thousands of Soviet soldiers showed courage and heroism, but the feat of Volodya Dubinin was not lost among them.
One of the streets is named after him hometown, and on July 12, 1964, a monument to the young partisan was erected - the work of sculptor L.S. Smerchinsky. On it Volodya is depicted leaving the quarry on a reconnaissance mission.
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Sources:
Made and sent by Anatoly Kaidalov._____________________
As soon as the war with the Nazis began, Volodya’s father, Nikifor Stepanovich Dubinin, a communist, participant civil war, captain of the ship, went to the navy.
In vain he begged his father to take him with him. The father sternly answered that in such difficult days There's enough to do at home too.
But Volodya did not calm down on this. For several days in a row, we did not meet a little dog at the entrances of various city institutions, which was patiently waiting for someone, restlessly looking at the front door. The door opened, a distressed boy of about fourteen appeared and, whistling slightly at the dog, sadly reported to it:
- And they didn’t take it... They don’t take it.
The father turned out to be right. The case was also found at home, in Kerch.
Volodya became the leader of the Timurites; Many families of front-line soldiers soon began to consider a big-eyed, round-faced boy with a red tie as their person. However, sometimes Volodya still took off his tie. He did this when he was dissatisfied with himself and did not finish the work he started.
And the front kept getting closer. The reports sounded more and more alarming. At the end of summer, the Nazis launched a frantic attack on the Crimean Peninsula. Hitler's aircraft mercilessly bombed the city. The school where Volodya studied was burned by a fascist bomb.
The Dubinin family moved to Volodya's uncle, an old military friend - Ivan Zakharovich Gritsenko, who lived in the village of Stary Karantin near the quarries.
Volodya was familiar with these places. More than once he is on time summer holidays Together with his cousin Vanya Gritsenko, he played here in the war between the Red partisans and the White Guards. And somehow Volodya accidentally fell into one of the abandoned quarries. He shouted to Vanya. How amazed he was when, deep underground, in the darkness of a stone gallery, he suddenly saw a half-erased inscription carved on a stone: “Here in 1919 the red partisans Nikifor Dubinin and Ivan Gritsenko lived and fought for Soviet power.”
So the guys discovered underground a reminder of the military glory of their fathers.
Finding himself now back in Old Quarantine, Volodya Dubinin noticed that cars and carts loaded with heavy flat boxes were constantly driving up to the entrance to the quarries, which were then carried underground. Vanya Gritsenko was already privy to the secret of the quarries, but did not reveal it to Volodya for a long time. Nevertheless, Volodya finally managed to extract from his friend that deep underground the city’s communists were creating a secret fortress, organizing a partisan detachment in case the Nazis captured Kerch. Volodya was offended that such an important matter was being hidden from him, and rushed to Ivan Zakharovich Gritsenko. For a long time he begged his uncle to take him into the partisan detachment.
The commander of the detachment, former sailor Alexander Fedorovich Zyabrev, understood well what trials the people would face in the quarries if the Nazis captured Kerch. Therefore, Zyabrev took into the detachment only those people in whose strength and courage he was confident. But Volodya apparently took a liking to him, and Uncle Gritsenko must have told the commander a lot of good things about his nephew. Zyabrev believed the old partisan and enrolled the boy in the detachment.
And the battles were approaching. The sea near Kerch was already reflecting their glow. The Nazis approached the city. And then the partisans descended into the impenetrable darkness of the quarries. There, by the light of torches, the legendary underground partisan fortress began its life.
The detachment spent fifty days and fifty nights underground. The pioneer Volodya Dubinin spent fifty days and fifty nights with the partisans.
In the first bold attack, the partisans, taking the enemy by surprise, destroyed the headquarters and military warehouses of the Nazis.
The Nazis felt like they were on a volcano, which was ready to spew disastrous fire from its crater every minute. Hitler's command gave the order to immediately destroy the underground partisan detachment. One after another, the partisans repelled all attempts by the Nazis to penetrate into the depths of the dungeons. The Nazis threw bombs and mines into the quarries and tried to poison the partisans with asphyxiating gases. But the underground fortress remained impregnable. Then the Nazis decided to wall up the quarries and bury the brave souls alive. All exits, all cracks were filled with concrete from the outside and mined. But the underground fortress did not give up. A detachment of partisans went to a depth of sixty meters.
The Nazis had to withdraw an entire regiment from the front, armed with artillery, searchlights and sound detectors, in order to guard all the exits from the quarries day and night. More than once the German command offered the partisans to surrender. But the defenders of the underground fortress, separated from all living things by an impenetrable thickness of stone, losing track of days and nights in the twilight, lived according to a precise work and combat schedule. They didn't give up. And from the depths of the underground fortress, at any moment the invaders were threatened with just popular revenge.
In one of the first battles on the surface, the commander of the detachment, Zyabrev, was killed. The head of the detachment was former boss partisan headquarters communist Lazarev.
And the Nazis cordoned off the entire area, surrounded it with barbed wire, and mined all the approaches to the quarries. By order of the fascist command, not a single soul dared to appear in this area.
But the partisans needed to establish contact with the surface in order to know exactly what was happening above the underground fortress. It was then that Volodya and his friends, who had long been asking to be sent upstairs, had to give in to reconnaissance.
Volodya Dubinin was appointed commander of a small group of young intelligence officers. And Lazarev, reluctantly, drowning out his anxiety for the guys, was forced to allow them to come to the surface. Through narrow secret cracks, which were known only to the children, pioneers Volodya Dubinin, Vanya Gritsenko and Tolya Kovalev climbed up. They found out and looked out for everything that the partisan command needed to know, and then, unnoticed by anyone, they returned underground again.
But soon the Nazis discovered these narrow openings, walled them up, filled them with stones, and filled them with concrete. There was probably only one last gap left, a very narrow one... Only Volodya, flexible and resourceful, like a lizard, could get out through this hole. And now he went on reconnaissance alone. And every time he returned to the partisans with information that was very important to them.
One day, having gone out on reconnaissance, he could not restrain himself and crept up to the windows of Uncle Gritsenko’s house... Volodya really missed his mother.
He saw her tired, exhausted face through the window. He wanted to call her, to say at least one word to her. But he remembered the rules of the scouts and understood what an important task the partisans who remained underground had entrusted to him. And, swallowing tears, Volodya quietly crawled away from the fence.
Another time, when Volodya was returning from reconnaissance to his detachment, it turned out that the Nazis had somehow discovered a loophole through which he had escaped a few hours earlier. The boy crawled along the mined stones for a long time, sometimes slipping a few steps away from the enemy sentries. But in the end I found another secret loophole, which I kept in mind in reserve, just in case.
It somehow happened that, having climbed to the surface, Volodya was able to discover the terrible plan of the Nazis... They pulled hoses from the sea - thick pipes, set up powerful pumps and, apparently, were preparing to flood the quarries with water in order to drown the partisans underground.
Volodya was strictly forbidden by the commander to return to the quarries before dark. But then, risking his life, the little scout violated this prohibition. Miraculously, he managed to crawl in broad daylight under the very noses of the fascist sentries back to his hole. He rushed down the steep underground galleries and managed to warn the partisans of the danger that threatened them. The partisans immediately began to build dams in underground passages. Everyone free from duty and guards immediately went to the upper tiers of the quarries. The Nazis were already operating above the partisans’ heads, securing pipes and tightening hoses. In complete silence, so as not to attract the attention of the enemy, the partisans erected walls of shell rock, blocking the underground corridors with them.
And on time! The stone partition was not yet finished when water poured out from above, through one of the trunks that had been walled up by the Nazis, a deafening seething. It flooded the upper gallery and streamed out through the cracks of the not yet cemented wall. Holding miners' lamps and torches high above their heads, knee-deep and in some places chest-deep in the bubbling water, the partisans sealed holes in underground dams. Work underground continued until the morning. The water no longer penetrated into the lower galleries, but since the Nazis could release water through other pits every minute, the partisans continued to erect waterproof stone barriers in all dangerous areas of the upper galleries.
In the end, all these corridors were tightly sealed with stone and covered with cement. The squad was saved. And all the partisans understood that they owed their salvation to the ingenuity and fearlessness of the little scout.
But staying underground any longer was already very dangerous. The Nazis, of course, did not calm down after their unsuccessful attempt to drown the partisans. They tried to take the underground fortress by storm, but the partisans managed to repel all attacks. And now the partisans decided to break through the exit in remote areas of the quarries in order to break out to the surface.
Meanwhile, the Nazis managed to blow up the compartment where underground baths were located. drinking water. The partisans were already in danger of dying from thirst... They decided to cut a passage through the shell rock in one of the galleries located far from the former main entrance to the quarry, get to the surface and go to the partisans in the forests of Old Crimea. But for this it was necessary, first of all, to thoroughly reconnoiter whether there were any fascists in the area where it was supposed to break through a rescue exit.
Volodya Dubinin was entrusted with an important task: he had to get up, take a good look at the area where the partisans were supposed to leave, and then contact the partisans of the Adzhimushkai quarries, located on the other side of Kerch.
On the eve of the new year, 1942, Volodya carefully climbed out through his secret loophole to the surface. He could not believe his eyes when he unexpectedly saw the desired saviors - the sailors of the Soviet Fleet - moving towards him.
He forgot everything at that moment: the rules of movement for scouts, all the instructions of the commander, and the necessary order in addressing his superiors. He ran straight at the chest of the tall sailor walking in front with a machine gun on his shoulder.
- Uncle, uncle! Comrade commander, oh, hurray!.. May I address you? - he muttered, tightly grasping the lapels of the commander’s pea coat.
The foreman looked at him a little dumbfounded, trying to tear Volodin’s hands away from his pea coat. Huge eyes full of crazy joy looked out from the boy’s incredibly grimy, smoky face.
- Stop! What are you doing?.. Wait... Well? Where are you from, such a black spirit, did you jump out? - the foreman asked embarrassedly. - Come on, unhook, what are you really doing!.. Well, who am I telling?
Volodya let go of the commander, mastered the excitement and delight that was already raging in him uncontrollably, jumped back a step, stretched out, putting his hand to his hat:
- May I address you, Comrade Sergeant Major? The commander of the reconnaissance group of the Old Quarantine partisan detachment, Vladimir Dubinin, arrived at your location... that is, no... You yourself arrived... Uncle, you and Black Sea Fleet? And the fascists have already been kicked out, yes! Oh, hooray, hooray!
Five minutes later, the foreman already knew all the details about the old Quarantine partisans and about the underground fortress in which ninety daredevils were walled up.
“So, now it will be necessary to rescue your people,” the foreman decided, after carefully listening to the little scout’s entire story.
- No no! - Volodya became worried. - You don’t go there right away. Everything around there is mined. Two of our guys were blown up, they were just about to get out... We need to clear the mines there first. I'll show you, uncle, where the way is. Just tell me, comrade commander, have the fascists been kicked out of here already? Are we already in the city too?
- Ours, dear, ours, since yesterday. The landing was on Feodosia and Kerch. The storm just happened at the wrong time, otherwise the matter would have been finished the day before yesterday...
And underground, too, they still knew nothing about deliverance. The long-awaited good news was brought to the partisans by Volodya Dubinin, who rolled head over heels along the steep underground passages to the headquarters of the partisan fortress. Black from soot, half-blind from weeks of darkness, thirsty for light, water and fresh air, people climbed to the surface and fell into the arms of soldiers and sailors who were clearing the entrances of the quarries.
It was here that Volodya met his mother. She, poor thing, no longer hoped to see her son...
On the top of Mithridates, swayed by the fresh January north, a scarlet flag fluttered. The liberated city was returning to life...
The winners who rescued Kerch - tall soldiers in quilted jackets and raincoats thrown over their shoulders, sailors in well-fitted pea coats and tarpaulin landing boots turned down below the knees - walked through the streets of Kerch, greeted everywhere with smiles, accompanied everywhere by crowds of admiring boys.
The residents of Old Quarantine and Kamyshburun spent whole days pilgrimaging to the partisan quarries. Everyone was eager to quickly and closely see the heroes of the underground fortress, which never surrendered to the Nazis.
On the same day, Volodya, a fearless scout, about whose attacks the partisans who had risen to the surface had already told the boys of Old Quarantine and Kamysh-Burun, sat in a large trough and splashed all over the room in Uncle Gritsenko’s house. Evdokia Timofeevna decided to give him a bath and wash him properly.
It was awkward for the dashing scout to climb naked into the trough and, like a little child, endure everything that his mother was now doing to him. And in such cases there was nothing to expect mercy from her. She fluffed a fluffy white cap made of sizzling foam on Volodya’s head, which had not been cut for a long time. With a hard, rough loofah, soaked in scalding soapy liquid, the mother furiously scrubbed her son’s emaciated shoulders and elongated back with sharply visible vertebrae. Volodya has grown and lost weight since she hasn’t seen him.
- Ooh-oh-oh, mom! “The soap is all over my eyes,” Volodya groaned and spat. - Even my dad in Murmansk on the Krasin never tore me like that... But he...
- Be patient, be patient, partisans! - the inexorable Evdokia Timofeevna repeated and operated mercilessly, so that Volodya’s head shook from side to side.
Then, combed, dressed in everything clean, he sat at the table and respectably drank tea with his mother.
And at that time a detachment of Red Army soldiers appeared on the street outside the window. They carried long sticks with circles at the end. They had telephone headphones on over their hats. Volodya immediately jumped up and fell against the glass, knocking on it with his knuckles. An elderly Red Army soldier walking ahead of the detachment heard a knock and turned to the window: at first he didn’t recognize him, but then he smiled and saluted Volodya.
“Mom...” Volodya became worried, looking with his eyes for where he put his hat, “Mom, the sappers came to us.” The passages in the quarry will now be cleared of mines. This one who saluted me is a friend of mine. On the first day I showed him how we were liberated, where to clear the road. I promised them today, Mom. I remember all the bumps around there by heart!
- They’ll manage without you, Vovochka. The commissioner told you yesterday not to meddle there. And the commander did not order.
- No, mom, I used every pebble there. We need to help people. I simply have to... Am I a pioneer or who? They've been transporting it for a whole week. You understand, mom! I can't sit quietly when I can help. And we need to bring the food upstairs as soon as possible. The people need the village. The Germans ate everything up to a crumb.
He took his coat off the wall, got dressed, and reached for his earflap hat, which was lying on the chair. The mother stood in the doorway, holding the doorframe:
- Don’t go, Volodenka, I beg you! I'm afraid of something... After all, you weren't told to. The hour is uneven, you will stumble or hurt...
She saw through the window how he overtook the sappers, ran up to the elder, saluted and walked next to him, small, determined, trying to keep pace.
“I’ll bake him soda donuts for dinner,” she thought. “He probably hasn’t eaten for a long time, but he loves it with passion!”
She went to the stove, kneaded flour and water and soon plunged headlong into familiar chores, which had now become sweet again for her, since she knew that Volodya would come to dinner, see her favorite donuts and rush to hug her with joy.
A long, double, rumbling blow from under what seemed to her to be the floor of the room seemed to lift the entire house for a moment, and then slammed it heavily back into the ground. A corner of glass covered with paper fell out of the window and faintly clanged on the windowsill...
Several stones clicked on the roof, flew outside the window and crashed with force near the house. Frightened voices were heard. The street outside the window was filled with running people. Evdokia Timofeevna saw that they were all in a hurry, overtaking each other, towards the quarries... to where her Volodya had just gone.
She stood for some time as if petrified. It was as if that blow had knocked her down on the spot. Then she took one step, sideways and unsteady, she wanted to take a second, no longer able to cope with her legs, she almost missed the stool, sank heavily onto it and dropped the towel on the floor.
She should have gone outside to find out what had happened so loudly, but she didn’t have the strength to get up.
She sat like that for a very long time. And with every minute, the hope that was still flickering somewhere was extinguishing and extinguishing in her.
It was getting dark in the room. Outside the window the gray, unpleasant twilight was freezing.
And then there was a knock on the door. She didn’t hear her voice, but there, in the hallway, they heard it. Door opened.
Three people entered the room. Their faces were black from soot that had ingrained their skin.
Evdokia Timofeevna immediately recognized Commander Lazarev, Commissioner Kotlo and another one in the naval military uniform, with whom Volodya introduced her the day before as his partisan teacher.
They entered, and all three took off their hats at the same time...
In Kamysh-Burun Park, in the main flower garden, where children always play, there is a not very tall monument to the mass grave of partisans.
And on a board made of Crimean marble, mounted on a stone pedestal, it is written:
“The partisans of the Patriotic War who died in the fight against the Nazi occupiers are buried here: Alexander Zyabrev, Fyodor Shustrov, Ivan Gavril, Vazhenin Vlas. Iv., Makarov Nik., Bondarenko Nik., Dubinin Volodya.”
And under Mount Mithridates in Kerch, from the old staircase, a straight sunny street is clearly visible, which starts from the mountainside, from the foot of the stairs, and runs spaciously into the distance.
Wide Lenin Street meets this street and passes it through itself.
Sometimes Evdokia Timofeevna Dubinina and Valya come to this street, accompanied by Kerch pioneers. Pioneers often visit her. They look at Volodya’s portrait for a long time, quietly ask their mother and sister about it, re-read the simple, courageous letter that Nikifor Semyonovich wrote home after learning about the death of his son.
Soon after this, Nikifor Semyonovich died at the front. The father laid down his head for the same great and just cause to which his son selflessly gave his life.
The mother takes out from the table a yellowed front-line newspaper with an order from the command of the Crimean Front dated March 1, 1942 printed in it.
“On behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, for the exemplary fulfillment of command assignments on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the valor and courage shown at the same time, award... the Order of the Red Banner... Vladimir Nikiforovich Dubinin.”
Then the pioneers ask Evdokia Timofeevna and Valya to go with them to Volodin Street.
“This is my youngest’s street,” Evdokia Timofeevna tells the pioneers, slowly walking down the steps of the old staircase to the street named after her son.
“Volodya is our street,” Valentina quietly adds in such cases.
IN holidays, when music is playing in all the streets, colorful flags are raised on ships in the port and white-winged models are flying over Mithridates, drums are beating loudly and a pioneer trumpet is singing briskly over the stairs made of gray shell stone. Boys and girls in three-pointed red ties - pioneers from the school named after Volodya Dubinin, pioneers of neighboring squads - descend along steep flights of stairs, walking in step, row after row.
Friendly light step they ring loudly on the limestone slabs and fill the entire street.
The wind of two seas plays in the folds of the scarlet banner. The pioneers walk along a wide sunlit street, where under the lantern of each house it is written:
Volodya Dubinin Street
And in the center of Kerch, in a park on the street named after the young hero, on July 12, 1964, the grand opening of the monument to the glorious pioneer took place.
The figure of a brave pioneer scout is carved from a florite block.
The movie “Street” also became a monument to Volodya youngest son" It was filmed in the places where the events took place, right in the quarries, where in the darkness of the underground passages lay old military weapons, corroded by time and rust. They also filmed on the streets where Volodya Dubinin went to school.
The name of the young pioneer hero Volodya Dubinin is included in the All-Union Book of Honor pioneer organization them. V. I. Lenin.
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Recognition - BK-MTGC.
BIOGRAPHY OF VOLODY DUBININA
The young hero, Volodya Dubinin, was born on August 29, 1927 in the family of a sailor and former Red partisan Nikifor Semenovich Dubinin. WITH early childhood He was active and inquisitive, loved to read and take photographs, and was passionate about aviation modeling. Volodya's family had many stories about the fight against the White Guards and about the exploits performed by the Red Army.
According to short biography hero, when the Great Patriotic War began, Volodya Dubinin’s father was drafted into the army. And his mother, Evdokia Timofeevna, together with her son and daughter, moved to relatives, in an area of Kerch called Old Quarantine.
The city leadership, realizing that every day the Nazis were getting closer and closer to them, began to actively prepare for underground activities. The bases of the partisan detachments were to become the Starokarantinsky and Adzhimushkaysky quarries, which were real impregnable fortresses. Volodya Dubinin, together with his friends, Vanya Gritsenko and Tolya Kovalev, began to ask adults to accept them into the partisan detachment in the Starokarantinsky quarries. The head of the detachment, Alexander Zyabrev, had doubts at first, but then finally gave his consent. There were many narrow crevices in the quarries, where only children could crawl through and therefore they could become indispensable scouts. So it began military biography pioneer Volodya Dubinin, who performed feats every day in the name of the Motherland and his comrades.
The exploits of the young partisan Dubinin
The active actions of the underground workers of the Old Quarantine began to bring a lot of trouble to the German invaders, so the Nazis began to besiege the catacombs. The Nazis diligently blocked all the entrances they found, filling them with cement, and it was here that the daily exploits of Volodya Dubinin and his friends came in handy for adults.
The children climbed into narrow gaps and brought their command valuable information about the enemy from outside. Moreover, Volodya was the smallest in physical parameters, and the time came when only he could leave the quarries. The rest of the guys worked as a “cover group”, distracting German soldiers at the entrances from Volodya Dubinin’s attempts to get out. In exactly the same way, the group met the guy at the appointed place when he returned back.
The responsibilities of the young partisans included not only reconnaissance. Children brought ammunition to adults, helped the wounded and performed other tasks of the commander. There were almost legends about Volodya Dubinin himself and his exploits. They told how the boy skillfully “led the nose” of a German patrol, slipping past them, or how he could accurately remember the number of several enemy units located in different places.
In December 1941, the Germans, seeing no other way to end the resistance of the Starokarantinsky quarries, decided to flood them along with the people inside. It was Volodya Dubinin who managed to obtain this information and warn his comrades in time about the danger threatening them, literally a few hours before the start of the punitive operation. During the day, risking his life, almost in front of the enemy, the pioneer managed to penetrate the catacombs and alert the detachment.
The soldiers began to hastily build dams and managed to block the entrance to the water, being in it already up to their waists. The feat of Volodya Dubinin in this heroic biographical fact can hardly be overestimated, because many lives were saved who could continue to fight the enemy.
The fourteen-year-old hero died on New Year's Eve 1942. On the instructions of the commander, the guy had to establish contact with the partisans of the Adzhimushkay quarries. Along the way, Volodya encountered Soviet naval landing soldiers who liberated Kerch as a result of the Kerch-Feodosia operation.
The joy of the meeting was overshadowed by the fact that the Nazis had mined the land around the Old Quarantine catacombs, so the adult partisans would not have been able to leave them. And then Volodya volunteered to be the sapper’s guide. January 4, 1942 Volodya Dubinin was blown up by a mine along with four sappers. Everyone was buried in a mass grave in the Youth Park in Kerch. For his accomplished feats, Volodya Dubinin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously.
In the hero city of Kerch, a street is named in his honor, school No. 2 is named after Volodya Dubinin, a bust of Volodya Dubinin was erected in the school yard, and monuments were erected in his honor. Every citizen of the city of Kerch cannot help but know who Volodya Dubinin is and what feat he accomplished. We know, we honor and we remember. Eternal glory to him.
/. Schoolchildren of Kerch, as part of the program about military history of this hero city, for Victory Day they will write essays about their fellow countryman, the pioneer hero Volodya Dubinin. This was reported to TASS by Deputy Director for educational work school named after Dubinin, Lyudmila Matii.
Dubinin was born and died in Kerch in 1942 at the age of 14, fought in the underground garrison, and was a scout. In the hero city there is a school and library named after him, a street, a square, monuments and busts.
"IN school curriculum included thematic essays about the history of Kerch, its military past, within which students will write about the pioneer hero Volodya Dubinin for Victory Day,” Matii told TASS.
Schoolboy's oath
There is another tradition at this school that goes back almost six decades - initiation into “young Dubininites.” The ceremony takes place in a solemn atmosphere at the end of September - beginning of October.
“Dedicated to first-graders who, following the senior students who read the oath, repeat its words about their readiness to do good in life, respect elders, study well, cherish the memory of Volodya Dubinin. To be a patriot of your school, your city and your country. This tradition has been preserved since the first post-war years", explains Matii.
Kerch suffered greatly during the war. It changed hands several times, was liberated twice by the Red Army, and in addition to the destroyed buildings, the city was missing many of its inhabitants. 14 thousand people were driven to Germany, more than 14 thousand were shot. According to archival data, only about three dozen local residents came out to meet their liberators on April 11, 1944.
On the world map exhibited in the school museum there are hundreds of lines stretching from Kerch to different cities of the planet. “These are contacts that were established with our school by representatives from different countries who were interested in Dubinin’s feat,” says Safina.
Thus, the exhibition preserves a portrait of Volodya, painted by the Mexican artist Federico Silva. As it turned out, his children learned about Volodya Dubinin’s feat and asked their father to paint a portrait of the pioneer. The portrait was given to the school in 1957. The accompanying letter states that the artist wanted to pay tribute to Soviet children who, without hesitation, sacrificed their lives in the name of protecting the world, their homeland and humanity.
Connection between generations
A large exhibition of the museum is dedicated to the most famous pupil of the school - Volodya Dubinin. This school became the first educational institution in the Soviet Union named in memory of the young pioneer hero. It was given the name Dubinin in March 1942, during the war years.
Previously, says the head of the school museum, honored teacher of Crimea Tatyana Safina, the school maintained close ties with educational institutions throughout the Union, which were named in honor of pioneer heroes, including those bearing the name of Dubinin. However, with the collapse of the USSR, connections were lost.
“Now we want to resume such contacts with such schools, we will contact them, interact, invite them to Kerch. Young people need all this, we need to educate them in the spirit of patriotism. Using the examples of real heroes, their peers, who did not spare their lives for the good Motherland and people, it is necessary to restore the connection between generations,” notes Safina.
Along the street of the youngest son
Volodya Dubinin is an iconic figure for any resident of Kerch. Perhaps any Kerchan resident will tell you where the street named in his honor is, where a monument to him is erected and tell about his feat. “Street of the Youngest Son” is the title of the story by Lev Kassil and Max Polyanovsky, which for the first time in artistic form tells about the short but bright life of Volodya, which was cut short by the war.
The street is located in the city center, its length is just over 800 meters. Here modern buildings coexist with old Kerch common courtyards. The street was renamed from Krestyanskaya to Dubinin Street in March 1942, at the same time as school No. 11 was named after him.
On the wall of the first house of the street there is a memorial tablet with the inscription: “In memory of the brave Kerch pioneer - a young scout of the Starokarantinsky partisan detachment - the street is named after Volodya Dubinin.”
Near the street there is a park named after Dubinin, where there is a monument to Volodya, surrounded by green trees, erected in 1964. Unfortunately, the house in which Dubinin’s family lived has not survived.
The bust of the pioneer hero was installed three years earlier than the monument. It was presented to the school by writers Kassil and Polyanovsky in 1961. It is located near the school, surrounded by lush lilacs. All ceremonial school events are held at the bust, and the most important of them is the taking of the oath of the “young Dubininsky.”
He dreamed of heaven
Exhibition materials about Dubinin for school museum collected bit by bit, says Safina, who also heads the city branch Russian society historians and archivists. The fact is that Kerch was severely destroyed during the war, more than 80% of the buildings were damaged, including the school. Neither class registers nor report cards have survived. As a gift to the museum, Volodya’s sister and his mother donated a sippy cup inkwell, a figurine of an airplane with stars burned onto a small piece of plywood, and family photographs.
The museum has portraits in which Volodya is depicted together with his father Nikifor Semenovich, mother Evdokia Timofeevna and sister Valentina. With his friends, also young intelligence officers: Vanya Gritsenko and Tolya Kovalenko, as well as with the school class.
"According to the recollections of relatives and school friends, Volodya was very active in public life, he studied well at school, he was better at exact subjects. He made a lot of crafts, designed models of gliders, and was involved in an aircraft modeling club. Like many boys of that time, he dreamed of the sky, perhaps he could become an airplane designer, but these plans were not destined to come true,” notes the head of the museum.
Old Quarantine, not Adzhimushkai
Contrary to popular belief, the young scout of the partisan detachment fought not in the Adzhimushkaysky, but in the Starokarantino quarries. “Many are confused, since the feat of the heroes of Adzhimushkai is widely known and a single image of the catacombs has developed in the human mind. But that's not true. There was an underground garrison in the quarries of Adzhimushkay and in the catacombs of Old Quarantine, all on the territory of Kerch,” says Safina.
Volodya, with his cousin Vanya Gritsenko and friend Tolya Kovalenko, participated in sabotage raids along with the partisans, delivered valuable information about the deployment of German troops and saved the detachment, warning that the Germans had pulled up hoses for pumping underground sea water. The garrison, warned in time, began to erect stone partitions, thanks to which they managed to escape.
Volodya died on January 4, 1942. The day before, the city was liberated by the Kerch-Feodosia landing force, and demining of the quarries where the partisan detachment was located began. Dubinin showed the Soviet sappers the entrances mined by the Germans and was blown up by one of the mines. He was only 14 years old.
He was buried in one of the microdistricts of Kerch - the village of Kamysh-Burun in a mass grave of partisans. On March 1, 1942, Volodya was posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
Pioneer heroes
Tens of thousands of children and pioneers were awarded orders and medals for their military services during the war. There were often cases when teenagers school age fought as part of military units(the so-called “sons and daughters of the regiments” - the story of the same name by Valentin Kataev is known, the prototype of which was 11-year-old Isaac Rakov).
The Order of Lenin was awarded to Tolya Shumov, Vitya Korobkov, Volodya Kaznacheev; Order of the Red Banner - Volodya Dubinin, Yuliy Kantemirov, Andrey Makarikhin, Kostya Kravchuk; Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree - Petya Klypa, Valery Volkov, Sasha Kovalev; Order of the Red Star - Volodya Samorukha, Shura Efremov, Vanya Andrianov, Vitya Kovalenko, Lenya Ankinovich.
Four pioneer heroes were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union: Lenya Golikov, Marat Kazei, Valya Kotik, Zina Portnova.